feat: Passwordless cross-device authentication

- Arkitektur: docs/auth/passwordless-architecture.md - Backend: iom/quixzoom-auth-service/ (FastAPI + Redis) - Webb: quixzoom-market-pages/se/login/ (QR-kod + polling) - App: iom/quixzoom-app/src/features/auth/ (push + deep links) Flöde: QR-kod → app-godkännande → webb-inloggad
2026-07-07 07:11:50 +00:00
parent 4aa984ad74
commit 6989a98d75
61843 changed files with 5491611 additions and 872231 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+/**
+ * LANDVEX MASTER API
+ * ==================
+ * Single source of truth för ALLA system.
+ * Läser från: amos, aamos_ledger, landvex, wavult_identity
+ * Exponerar: Enhetligt REST API för admin, appar, externa system
+ * 
+ * Regler:
+ * 1. INGEN mock-data
+ * 2. INGEN hårdkodad data
+ * 3. ALLT kommer från databas
+ * 4. ALLA ändringar går via API:et
+ */
+
+import express from 'express';
+import pg from 'pg';
+const { Pool } = pg;
+import cors from 'cors';
+
+const app = express();
+app.use(cors());
+app.use(express.json());
+
+const PORT = process.env.PORT || 7073;
+
+// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+// DATABASUPPKOPLINGAR
+// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+const pools = {
+  amos: new Pool({
+    host: 'localhost',
+    port: 5432,
+    database: 'amos',
+    user: 'postgres',
+    password: 'quixzo…2026'
+  }),
+  ledger: new Pool({
+    host: 'localhost',
+    port: 5432,
+    database: 'aamos_ledger',
+    user: 'postgres',
+    password: 'quixzo…2026'
+  }),
+  landvex: new Pool({
+    host: 'localhost',
+    port: 5432,
+    database: 'landvex',
+    user: 'postgres',
+    password: 'quixzo…2026'
+  })
+};
+
+// Health check för alla databaser
+async function checkDatabases() {
+  const status = {};
+  for (const [name, pool] of Object.entries(pools)) {
+    try {
+      const start = Date.now();
+      await pool.query('SELECT 1');
+      status[name] = { ok: true, latency_ms: Date.now() - start };
+    } catch (e) {
+      status[name] = { ok: false, error: e.message };
+    }
+  }
+  return status;
+}
+
+// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+// MIDDLEWARE
+// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+app.use((req, res, next) => {
+  console.log(`${new Date().toISOString()} ${req.method} ${req.path}`);
+  next();
+});
+
+// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+// HEALTH & STATUS
+// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+app.get('/health', async (req, res) => {
+  const dbStatus = await checkDatabases();
+  const allOk = Object.values(dbStatus).every(s => s.ok);
+  
+  res.status(allOk ? 200 : 503).json({
+    status: allOk ? 'ok' : 'degraded',
+    service: 'landvex-master-api',
+    version: '1.0.0',
+    databases: dbStatus,
+    timestamp: new Date().toISOString()
+  });
+});
+
+// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+// QUIXZOOM ENDPOINTS (från amos-databasen)
+// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+app.get('/api/v1/quixzoom/stats', async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const [missions, active, submissions, contributors] = await Promise.all([
+      pools.amos.query('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM quixzoom.missions'),
+      pools.amos.query("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM quixzoom.missions WHERE status = 'active'"),
+      pools.amos.query('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM quixzoom.submissions'),
+      pools.amos.query('SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT user_id) FROM quixzoom.claims')
+    ]);
+    
+    res.json({
+      missions_total: parseInt(missions.rows[0].count),
+      missions_active: parseInt(active.rows[0].count),
+      submissions_total: parseInt(submissions.rows[0].count),
+      contributors_total: parseInt(contributors.rows[0].count),
+      source: 'amos.quixzoom',
+      cached: false
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    res.status(500).json({ error: e.message, source: 'amos.quixzoom' });
+  }
+});
+
+app.get('/api/v1/quixzoom/missions', async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const { status, limit = 50, offset = 0 } = req.query;
+    
+    let query = `
+      SELECT 
+        m.id,
+        m.title,
+        m.description,
+        m.latitude as lat,
+        m.longitude as lon,
+        m.area_name as address,
+        m.status,
+        m.reward_credits as reward_sek,
+        m.required_photos,
+        m.created_at,
+        m.expires_at,
+        COUNT(s.id) as submission_count
+      FROM quixzoom.missions m
+      LEFT JOIN quixzoom.submissions s ON s.mission_id = m.id
+    `;
+    
+    const params = [];
+    if (status) {
+      query += ' WHERE m.status = $1';
+      params.push(status);
+    }
+    
+    query += ` GROUP BY m.id ORDER BY m.created_at DESC LIMIT $${params.length + 1} OFFSET $${params.length + 2}`;
+    params.push(limit, offset);
+    
+    const result = await pools.amos.query(query, params);
+    const totalResult = await pools.amos.query('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM quixzoom.missions');
+    
+    res.json({
+      missions: result.rows,
+      count: result.rows.length,
+      total: parseInt(totalResult.rows[0].count),
+      source: 'amos.quixzoom.missions'
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    res.status(500).json({ error: e.message, source: 'amos.quixzoom.missions' });
+  }
+});
+
+app.get('/api/v1/quixzoom/missions/:id', async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const result = await pools.amos.query(`
+      SELECT * FROM quixzoom.missions WHERE id = $1
+    `, [req.params.id]);
+    
+    if (result.rows.length === 0) {
+      return res.status(404).json({ error: 'Mission not found' });
+    }
+    
+    res.json(result.rows[0]);
+  } catch (e) {
+    res.status(500).json({ error: e.message });
+  }
+});
+
+app.get('/api/v1/quixzoom/contributors', async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const result = await pools.amos.query(`
+      SELECT 
+        u.id,
+        u.email,
+        u.display_name as name,
+        u.city,
+        u.status,
+        COUNT(DISTINCT s.id) as submission_count,
+        COALESCE(SUM(s.reward_credits), 0) as total_earnings
+      FROM quixzoom.users u
+      LEFT JOIN quixzoom.submissions s ON s.user_id = u.id
+      GROUP BY u.id
+      ORDER BY total_earnings DESC
+      LIMIT 50
+    `);
+    
+    res.json({
+      contributors: result.rows,
+      count: result.rows.length,
+      source: 'amos.quixzoom.users'
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    res.status(500).json({ error: e.message });
+  }
+});
+
+// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+// LEDGER ENDPOINTS (från aamos_ledger-databasen)
+// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+app.get('/api/v1/ledger/accounts', async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const result = await pools.ledger.query(`
+      SELECT 
+        a.id,
+        a.code as account_number,
+        a.name,
+        a.account_type,
+        COALESCE(SUM(jl.debit), 0) as total_debit,
+        COALESCE(SUM(jl.credit), 0) as total_credit,
+        COALESCE(SUM(jl.debit), 0) - COALESCE(SUM(jl.credit), 0) as balance
+      FROM accounts a
+      LEFT JOIN journal_lines jl ON jl.account_id = a.id
+      GROUP BY a.id
+      ORDER BY a.code
+    `);
+    
+    res.json({
+      accounts: result.rows,
+      count: result.rows.length,
+      source: 'aamos_ledger.accounts'
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    res.status(500).json({ error: e.message });
+  }
+});
+
+app.get('/api/v1/ledger/trial-balance', async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const result = await pools.ledger.query(`
+      SELECT 
+        a.code as account_number,
+        a.name,
+        a.account_type,
+        COALESCE(SUM(jl.debit), 0) as total_debit,
+        COALESCE(SUM(jl.credit), 0) as total_credit
+      FROM accounts a
+      LEFT JOIN journal_lines jl ON jl.account_id = a.id
+      GROUP BY a.id
+      HAVING COALESCE(SUM(jl.debit), 0) > 0 OR COALESCE(SUM(jl.credit), 0) > 0
+      ORDER BY a.code
+    `);
+    
+    const totalDebit = result.rows.reduce((sum, r) => sum + parseFloat(r.total_debit), 0);
+    const totalCredit = result.rows.reduce((sum, r) => sum + parseFloat(r.total_credit), 0);
+    
+    res.json({
+      rows: result.rows,
+      total_debit: totalDebit,
+      total_credit: totalCredit,
+      balanced: Math.abs(totalDebit - totalCredit) < 0.01,
+      source: 'aamos_ledger.journal_lines'
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    res.status(500).json({ error: e.message });
+  }
+});
+
+app.get('/api/v1/ledger/journal-entries', async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const { limit = 50, offset = 0 } = req.query;
+    
+    const result = await pools.ledger.query(`
+      SELECT 
+        je.id,
+        je.entry_number,
+        je.description,
+        je.entry_date,
+        je.status,
+        jl.account_id,
+        a.account_number,
+        a.name as account_name,
+        jl.debit,
+        jl.credit
+      FROM journal_entries je
+      JOIN journal_lines jl ON jl.journal_entry_id = je.id
+      JOIN accounts a ON a.id = jl.account_id
+      ORDER BY je.entry_date DESC, je.entry_number DESC
+      LIMIT $1 OFFSET $2
+    `, [limit, offset]);
+    
+    res.json({
+      entries: result.rows,
+      count: result.rows.length,
+      source: 'aamos_ledger.journal_entries'
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    res.status(500).json({ error: e.message });
+  }
+});
+
+// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+// SYSTEM ENDPOINTS
+// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+app.get('/api/v1/system/services', async (req, res) => {
+  // Hämta faktisk status från systemd
+  const services = [
+    { name: 'aamos-ledger', port: 3250, db: 'aamos_ledger' },
+    { name: 'quixzoom-mission', port: 7060, db: 'amos' },
+    { name: 'landvex-api', port: 8081, db: 'landvex' },
+    { name: 'quixzoom-api', port: 8080, db: 'amos' },
+    { name: 'nginx', port: 80, db: null }
+  ];
+  
+  res.json({ services });
+});
+
+// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+// START
+// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+app.listen(PORT, '0.0.0.0', async () => {
+  console.log(`╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗`);
+  console.log(`║  LANDVEX MASTER API v1.0.0                                   ║`);
+  console.log(`║  Single Source of Truth                                      ║`);
+  console.log(`╠══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣`);
+  console.log(`║  Port: ${PORT}                                               ║`);
+  console.log(`║  Databases: amos, aamos_ledger, landvex                     ║`);
+  console.log(`╠══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣`);
+  console.log(`║  Endpoints:                                                  ║`);
+  console.log(`║    GET /health                                               ║`);
+  console.log(`║    GET /api/v1/quixzoom/stats                                ║`);
+  console.log(`║    GET /api/v1/quixzoom/missions                             ║`);
+  console.log(`║    GET /api/v1/quixzoom/contributors                         ║`);
+  console.log(`║    GET /api/v1/ledger/accounts                               ║`);
+  console.log(`║    GET /api/v1/ledger/trial-balance                          ║`);
+  console.log(`║    GET /api/v1/ledger/journal-entries                        ║`);
+  console.log(`╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝`);
+  
+  const dbStatus = await checkDatabases();
+  console.log('\nDatabase status:', dbStatus);
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# Lägg till detta i /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/api.landvex.com
+# innan den sista "location /" blocket
+
+    location /api/v1/ {
+        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:7073/api/v1/;
+        proxy_set_header Host $host;
+        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
+        add_header Cache-Control "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate" always;
+        if ($request_method = OPTIONS) { return 204; }
+    }
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../mime/cli.js
@@ -0,0 +1,993 @@
+{
+  "name": "landvex-master-api",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "lockfileVersion": 3,
+  "requires": true,
+  "packages": {
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+      "version": "1.3.8",
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "mime-types": "~2.1.34",
+        "negotiator": "0.6.3"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.6"
+      }
+    },
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+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/body-parser": {
+      "version": "1.20.5",
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+        "content-type": "~1.0.5",
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+        "destroy": "~1.2.0",
+        "http-errors": "~2.0.1",
+        "iconv-lite": "~0.4.24",
+        "on-finished": "~2.4.1",
+        "qs": "~6.15.1",
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+        "type-is": "~1.6.18",
+        "unpipe": "~1.0.0"
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+      "engines": {
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+        "npm": "1.2.8000 || >= 1.4.16"
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+}
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+1.3.8 / 2022-02-02
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.1.34
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.51.0
+  * deps: negotiator@0.6.3
+
+1.3.7 / 2019-04-29
+==================
+
+  * deps: negotiator@0.6.2
+    - Fix sorting charset, encoding, and language with extra parameters
+
+1.3.6 / 2019-04-28
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.1.24
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.40.0
+
+1.3.5 / 2018-02-28
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.1.18
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.33.0
+
+1.3.4 / 2017-08-22
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.1.16
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.29.0
+
+1.3.3 / 2016-05-02
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.1.11
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.23.0
+  * deps: negotiator@0.6.1
+    - perf: improve `Accept` parsing speed
+    - perf: improve `Accept-Charset` parsing speed
+    - perf: improve `Accept-Encoding` parsing speed
+    - perf: improve `Accept-Language` parsing speed
+
+1.3.2 / 2016-03-08
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.1.10
+    - Fix extension of `application/dash+xml`
+    - Update primary extension for `audio/mp4`
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.22.0
+
+1.3.1 / 2016-01-19
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.1.9
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.21.0
+
+1.3.0 / 2015-09-29
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.1.7
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.19.0
+  * deps: negotiator@0.6.0
+    - Fix including type extensions in parameters in `Accept` parsing
+    - Fix parsing `Accept` parameters with quoted equals
+    - Fix parsing `Accept` parameters with quoted semicolons
+    - Lazy-load modules from main entry point
+    - perf: delay type concatenation until needed
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+    - perf: hoist regular expressions
+    - perf: remove closures getting spec properties
+    - perf: remove a closure from media type parsing
+    - perf: remove property delete from media type parsing
+
+1.2.13 / 2015-09-06
+===================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.1.6
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.18.0
+
+1.2.12 / 2015-07-30
+===================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.1.4
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.16.0
+
+1.2.11 / 2015-07-16
+===================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.1.3
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.15.0
+
+1.2.10 / 2015-07-01
+===================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.1.2
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.14.0
+
+1.2.9 / 2015-06-08
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.1.1
+    - perf: fix deopt during mapping
+
+1.2.8 / 2015-06-07
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.1.0
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.13.0
+  * perf: avoid argument reassignment & argument slice
+  * perf: avoid negotiator recursive construction
+  * perf: enable strict mode
+  * perf: remove unnecessary bitwise operator
+
+1.2.7 / 2015-05-10
+==================
+
+  * deps: negotiator@0.5.3
+    - Fix media type parameter matching to be case-insensitive
+
+1.2.6 / 2015-05-07
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.0.11
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.9.1
+  * deps: negotiator@0.5.2
+    - Fix comparing media types with quoted values
+    - Fix splitting media types with quoted commas
+
+1.2.5 / 2015-03-13
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.0.10
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.8.0
+
+1.2.4 / 2015-02-14
+==================
+
+  * Support Node.js 0.6
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.0.9
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.7.0
+  * deps: negotiator@0.5.1
+    - Fix preference sorting to be stable for long acceptable lists
+
+1.2.3 / 2015-01-31
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.0.8
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.6.0
+
+1.2.2 / 2014-12-30
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.0.7
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.5.0
+
+1.2.1 / 2014-12-30
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.0.5
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.3.1
+
+1.2.0 / 2014-12-19
+==================
+
+  * deps: negotiator@0.5.0
+    - Fix list return order when large accepted list
+    - Fix missing identity encoding when q=0 exists
+    - Remove dynamic building of Negotiator class
+
+1.1.4 / 2014-12-10
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.0.4
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.3.0
+
+1.1.3 / 2014-11-09
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.0.3
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.2.0
+
+1.1.2 / 2014-10-14
+==================
+
+  * deps: negotiator@0.4.9
+    - Fix error when media type has invalid parameter
+
+1.1.1 / 2014-09-28
+==================
+
+  * deps: mime-types@~2.0.2
+    - deps: mime-db@~1.1.0
+  * deps: negotiator@0.4.8
+    - Fix all negotiations to be case-insensitive
+    - Stable sort preferences of same quality according to client order
+
+1.1.0 / 2014-09-02
+==================
+
+  * update `mime-types`
+
+1.0.7 / 2014-07-04
+==================
+
+  * Fix wrong type returned from `type` when match after unknown extension
+
+1.0.6 / 2014-06-24
+==================
+
+  * deps: negotiator@0.4.7
+
+1.0.5 / 2014-06-20
+==================
+
+ * fix crash when unknown extension given
+
+1.0.4 / 2014-06-19
+==================
+
+  * use `mime-types`
+
+1.0.3 / 2014-06-11
+==================
+
+  * deps: negotiator@0.4.6
+    - Order by specificity when quality is the same
+
+1.0.2 / 2014-05-29
+==================
+
+  * Fix interpretation when header not in request
+  * deps: pin negotiator@0.4.5
+
+1.0.1 / 2014-01-18
+==================
+
+  * Identity encoding isn't always acceptable
+  * deps: negotiator@~0.4.0
+
+1.0.0 / 2013-12-27
+==================
+
+  * Genesis
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2014 Jonathan Ong <me@jongleberry.com>
+Copyright (c) 2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson <doug@somethingdoug.com>
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+# accepts
+
+[![NPM Version][npm-version-image]][npm-url]
+[![NPM Downloads][npm-downloads-image]][npm-url]
+[![Node.js Version][node-version-image]][node-version-url]
+[![Build Status][github-actions-ci-image]][github-actions-ci-url]
+[![Test Coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
+
+Higher level content negotiation based on [negotiator](https://www.npmjs.com/package/negotiator).
+Extracted from [koa](https://www.npmjs.com/package/koa) for general use.
+
+In addition to negotiator, it allows:
+
+- Allows types as an array or arguments list, ie `(['text/html', 'application/json'])`
+  as well as `('text/html', 'application/json')`.
+- Allows type shorthands such as `json`.
+- Returns `false` when no types match
+- Treats non-existent headers as `*`
+
+## Installation
+
+This is a [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) module available through the
+[npm registry](https://www.npmjs.com/). Installation is done using the
+[`npm install` command](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/installing-npm-packages-locally):
+
+```sh
+$ npm install accepts
+```
+
+## API
+
+```js
+var accepts = require('accepts')
+```
+
+### accepts(req)
+
+Create a new `Accepts` object for the given `req`.
+
+#### .charset(charsets)
+
+Return the first accepted charset. If nothing in `charsets` is accepted,
+then `false` is returned.
+
+#### .charsets()
+
+Return the charsets that the request accepts, in the order of the client's
+preference (most preferred first).
+
+#### .encoding(encodings)
+
+Return the first accepted encoding. If nothing in `encodings` is accepted,
+then `false` is returned.
+
+#### .encodings()
+
+Return the encodings that the request accepts, in the order of the client's
+preference (most preferred first).
+
+#### .language(languages)
+
+Return the first accepted language. If nothing in `languages` is accepted,
+then `false` is returned.
+
+#### .languages()
+
+Return the languages that the request accepts, in the order of the client's
+preference (most preferred first).
+
+#### .type(types)
+
+Return the first accepted type (and it is returned as the same text as what
+appears in the `types` array). If nothing in `types` is accepted, then `false`
+is returned.
+
+The `types` array can contain full MIME types or file extensions. Any value
+that is not a full MIME types is passed to `require('mime-types').lookup`.
+
+#### .types()
+
+Return the types that the request accepts, in the order of the client's
+preference (most preferred first).
+
+## Examples
+
+### Simple type negotiation
+
+This simple example shows how to use `accepts` to return a different typed
+respond body based on what the client wants to accept. The server lists it's
+preferences in order and will get back the best match between the client and
+server.
+
+```js
+var accepts = require('accepts')
+var http = require('http')
+
+function app (req, res) {
+  var accept = accepts(req)
+
+  // the order of this list is significant; should be server preferred order
+  switch (accept.type(['json', 'html'])) {
+    case 'json':
+      res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json')
+      res.write('{"hello":"world!"}')
+      break
+    case 'html':
+      res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/html')
+      res.write('<b>hello, world!</b>')
+      break
+    default:
+      // the fallback is text/plain, so no need to specify it above
+      res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/plain')
+      res.write('hello, world!')
+      break
+  }
+
+  res.end()
+}
+
+http.createServer(app).listen(3000)
+```
+
+You can test this out with the cURL program:
+```sh
+curl -I -H'Accept: text/html' http://localhost:3000/
+```
+
+## License
+
+[MIT](LICENSE)
+
+[coveralls-image]: https://badgen.net/coveralls/c/github/jshttp/accepts/master
+[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/jshttp/accepts?branch=master
+[github-actions-ci-image]: https://badgen.net/github/checks/jshttp/accepts/master?label=ci
+[github-actions-ci-url]: https://github.com/jshttp/accepts/actions/workflows/ci.yml
+[node-version-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/node/accepts
+[node-version-url]: https://nodejs.org/en/download
+[npm-downloads-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/dm/accepts
+[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/accepts
+[npm-version-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/v/accepts
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+/*!
+ * accepts
+ * Copyright(c) 2014 Jonathan Ong
+ * Copyright(c) 2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var Negotiator = require('negotiator')
+var mime = require('mime-types')
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+module.exports = Accepts
+
+/**
+ * Create a new Accepts object for the given req.
+ *
+ * @param {object} req
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function Accepts (req) {
+  if (!(this instanceof Accepts)) {
+    return new Accepts(req)
+  }
+
+  this.headers = req.headers
+  this.negotiator = new Negotiator(req)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if the given `type(s)` is acceptable, returning
+ * the best match when true, otherwise `undefined`, in which
+ * case you should respond with 406 "Not Acceptable".
+ *
+ * The `type` value may be a single mime type string
+ * such as "application/json", the extension name
+ * such as "json" or an array `["json", "html", "text/plain"]`. When a list
+ * or array is given the _best_ match, if any is returned.
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *
+ *     // Accept: text/html
+ *     this.types('html');
+ *     // => "html"
+ *
+ *     // Accept: text/*, application/json
+ *     this.types('html');
+ *     // => "html"
+ *     this.types('text/html');
+ *     // => "text/html"
+ *     this.types('json', 'text');
+ *     // => "json"
+ *     this.types('application/json');
+ *     // => "application/json"
+ *
+ *     // Accept: text/*, application/json
+ *     this.types('image/png');
+ *     this.types('png');
+ *     // => undefined
+ *
+ *     // Accept: text/*;q=.5, application/json
+ *     this.types(['html', 'json']);
+ *     this.types('html', 'json');
+ *     // => "json"
+ *
+ * @param {String|Array} types...
+ * @return {String|Array|Boolean}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+Accepts.prototype.type =
+Accepts.prototype.types = function (types_) {
+  var types = types_
+
+  // support flattened arguments
+  if (types && !Array.isArray(types)) {
+    types = new Array(arguments.length)
+    for (var i = 0; i < types.length; i++) {
+      types[i] = arguments[i]
+    }
+  }
+
+  // no types, return all requested types
+  if (!types || types.length === 0) {
+    return this.negotiator.mediaTypes()
+  }
+
+  // no accept header, return first given type
+  if (!this.headers.accept) {
+    return types[0]
+  }
+
+  var mimes = types.map(extToMime)
+  var accepts = this.negotiator.mediaTypes(mimes.filter(validMime))
+  var first = accepts[0]
+
+  return first
+    ? types[mimes.indexOf(first)]
+    : false
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return accepted encodings or best fit based on `encodings`.
+ *
+ * Given `Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate`
+ * an array sorted by quality is returned:
+ *
+ *     ['gzip', 'deflate']
+ *
+ * @param {String|Array} encodings...
+ * @return {String|Array}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+Accepts.prototype.encoding =
+Accepts.prototype.encodings = function (encodings_) {
+  var encodings = encodings_
+
+  // support flattened arguments
+  if (encodings && !Array.isArray(encodings)) {
+    encodings = new Array(arguments.length)
+    for (var i = 0; i < encodings.length; i++) {
+      encodings[i] = arguments[i]
+    }
+  }
+
+  // no encodings, return all requested encodings
+  if (!encodings || encodings.length === 0) {
+    return this.negotiator.encodings()
+  }
+
+  return this.negotiator.encodings(encodings)[0] || false
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return accepted charsets or best fit based on `charsets`.
+ *
+ * Given `Accept-Charset: utf-8, iso-8859-1;q=0.2, utf-7;q=0.5`
+ * an array sorted by quality is returned:
+ *
+ *     ['utf-8', 'utf-7', 'iso-8859-1']
+ *
+ * @param {String|Array} charsets...
+ * @return {String|Array}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+Accepts.prototype.charset =
+Accepts.prototype.charsets = function (charsets_) {
+  var charsets = charsets_
+
+  // support flattened arguments
+  if (charsets && !Array.isArray(charsets)) {
+    charsets = new Array(arguments.length)
+    for (var i = 0; i < charsets.length; i++) {
+      charsets[i] = arguments[i]
+    }
+  }
+
+  // no charsets, return all requested charsets
+  if (!charsets || charsets.length === 0) {
+    return this.negotiator.charsets()
+  }
+
+  return this.negotiator.charsets(charsets)[0] || false
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return accepted languages or best fit based on `langs`.
+ *
+ * Given `Accept-Language: en;q=0.8, es, pt`
+ * an array sorted by quality is returned:
+ *
+ *     ['es', 'pt', 'en']
+ *
+ * @param {String|Array} langs...
+ * @return {Array|String}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+Accepts.prototype.lang =
+Accepts.prototype.langs =
+Accepts.prototype.language =
+Accepts.prototype.languages = function (languages_) {
+  var languages = languages_
+
+  // support flattened arguments
+  if (languages && !Array.isArray(languages)) {
+    languages = new Array(arguments.length)
+    for (var i = 0; i < languages.length; i++) {
+      languages[i] = arguments[i]
+    }
+  }
+
+  // no languages, return all requested languages
+  if (!languages || languages.length === 0) {
+    return this.negotiator.languages()
+  }
+
+  return this.negotiator.languages(languages)[0] || false
+}
+
+/**
+ * Convert extnames to mime.
+ *
+ * @param {String} type
+ * @return {String}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function extToMime (type) {
+  return type.indexOf('/') === -1
+    ? mime.lookup(type)
+    : type
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if mime is valid.
+ *
+ * @param {String} type
+ * @return {String}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function validMime (type) {
+  return typeof type === 'string'
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+{
+  "name": "accepts",
+  "description": "Higher-level content negotiation",
+  "version": "1.3.8",
+  "contributors": [
+    "Douglas Christopher Wilson <doug@somethingdoug.com>",
+    "Jonathan Ong <me@jongleberry.com> (http://jongleberry.com)"
+  ],
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "repository": "jshttp/accepts",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "mime-types": "~2.1.34",
+    "negotiator": "0.6.3"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "deep-equal": "1.0.1",
+    "eslint": "7.32.0",
+    "eslint-config-standard": "14.1.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-import": "2.25.4",
+    "eslint-plugin-markdown": "2.2.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-node": "11.1.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-promise": "4.3.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-standard": "4.1.0",
+    "mocha": "9.2.0",
+    "nyc": "15.1.0"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "LICENSE",
+    "HISTORY.md",
+    "index.js"
+  ],
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">= 0.6"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "lint": "eslint .",
+    "test": "mocha --reporter spec --check-leaks --bail test/",
+    "test-ci": "nyc --reporter=lcov --reporter=text npm test",
+    "test-cov": "nyc --reporter=html --reporter=text npm test"
+  },
+  "keywords": [
+    "content",
+    "negotiation",
+    "accept",
+    "accepts"
+  ]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2014 Blake Embrey (hello@blakeembrey.com)
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Array Flatten
+
+[![NPM version][npm-image]][npm-url]
+[![NPM downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
+[![Build status][travis-image]][travis-url]
+[![Test coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
+
+> Flatten an array of nested arrays into a single flat array. Accepts an optional depth.
+
+## Installation
+
+```
+npm install array-flatten --save
+```
+
+## Usage
+
+```javascript
+var flatten = require('array-flatten')
+
+flatten([1, [2, [3, [4, [5], 6], 7], 8], 9])
+//=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
+
+flatten([1, [2, [3, [4, [5], 6], 7], 8], 9], 2)
+//=> [1, 2, 3, [4, [5], 6], 7, 8, 9]
+
+(function () {
+  flatten(arguments) //=> [1, 2, 3]
+})(1, [2, 3])
+```
+
+## License
+
+MIT
+
+[npm-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/array-flatten.svg?style=flat
+[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/array-flatten
+[downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/array-flatten.svg?style=flat
+[downloads-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/array-flatten
+[travis-image]: https://img.shields.io/travis/blakeembrey/array-flatten.svg?style=flat
+[travis-url]: https://travis-ci.org/blakeembrey/array-flatten
+[coveralls-image]: https://img.shields.io/coveralls/blakeembrey/array-flatten.svg?style=flat
+[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/blakeembrey/array-flatten?branch=master
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * Expose `arrayFlatten`.
+ */
+module.exports = arrayFlatten
+
+/**
+ * Recursive flatten function with depth.
+ *
+ * @param  {Array}  array
+ * @param  {Array}  result
+ * @param  {Number} depth
+ * @return {Array}
+ */
+function flattenWithDepth (array, result, depth) {
+  for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+    var value = array[i]
+
+    if (depth > 0 && Array.isArray(value)) {
+      flattenWithDepth(value, result, depth - 1)
+    } else {
+      result.push(value)
+    }
+  }
+
+  return result
+}
+
+/**
+ * Recursive flatten function. Omitting depth is slightly faster.
+ *
+ * @param  {Array} array
+ * @param  {Array} result
+ * @return {Array}
+ */
+function flattenForever (array, result) {
+  for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+    var value = array[i]
+
+    if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+      flattenForever(value, result)
+    } else {
+      result.push(value)
+    }
+  }
+
+  return result
+}
+
+/**
+ * Flatten an array, with the ability to define a depth.
+ *
+ * @param  {Array}  array
+ * @param  {Number} depth
+ * @return {Array}
+ */
+function arrayFlatten (array, depth) {
+  if (depth == null) {
+    return flattenForever(array, [])
+  }
+
+  return flattenWithDepth(array, [], depth)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+{
+  "name": "array-flatten",
+  "version": "1.1.1",
+  "description": "Flatten an array of nested arrays into a single flat array",
+  "main": "array-flatten.js",
+  "files": [
+    "array-flatten.js",
+    "LICENSE"
+  ],
+  "scripts": {
+    "test": "istanbul cover _mocha -- -R spec"
+  },
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git://github.com/blakeembrey/array-flatten.git"
+  },
+  "keywords": [
+    "array",
+    "flatten",
+    "arguments",
+    "depth"
+  ],
+  "author": {
+    "name": "Blake Embrey",
+    "email": "hello@blakeembrey.com",
+    "url": "http://blakeembrey.me"
+  },
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "bugs": {
+    "url": "https://github.com/blakeembrey/array-flatten/issues"
+  },
+  "homepage": "https://github.com/blakeembrey/array-flatten",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "istanbul": "^0.3.13",
+    "mocha": "^2.2.4",
+    "pre-commit": "^1.0.7",
+    "standard": "^3.7.3"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,686 @@
+1.20.5 / 2026-04-24
+===================
+* refactor(json): simplify strict mode error string construction 
+* fix: extended urlencoded parsing of arrays with >100 elements (#716)
+* deps: qs@~6.15.1
+
+1.20.4 / 2025-12-01
+===================
+
+  * deps: qs@~6.14.0
+  * deps: use tilde notation for dependencies
+  * deps: http-errors@~2.0.1
+  * deps: raw-body@~2.5.3
+
+1.20.3 / 2024-09-10
+===================
+
+  * deps: qs@6.13.0
+  * add `depth` option to customize the depth level in the parser
+  * IMPORTANT: The default `depth` level for parsing URL-encoded data is now `32` (previously was `Infinity`)
+
+1.20.2 / 2023-02-21
+===================
+
+  * Fix strict json error message on Node.js 19+
+  * deps: content-type@~1.0.5
+    - perf: skip value escaping when unnecessary
+  * deps: raw-body@2.5.2
+
+1.20.1 / 2022-10-06
+===================
+
+  * deps: qs@6.11.0
+  * perf: remove unnecessary object clone
+
+1.20.0 / 2022-04-02
+===================
+
+  * Fix error message for json parse whitespace in `strict`
+  * Fix internal error when inflated body exceeds limit
+  * Prevent loss of async hooks context
+  * Prevent hanging when request already read
+  * deps: depd@2.0.0
+    - Replace internal `eval` usage with `Function` constructor
+    - Use instance methods on `process` to check for listeners
+  * deps: http-errors@2.0.0
+    - deps: depd@2.0.0
+    - deps: statuses@2.0.1
+  * deps: on-finished@2.4.1
+  * deps: qs@6.10.3
+  * deps: raw-body@2.5.1
+    - deps: http-errors@2.0.0
+
+1.19.2 / 2022-02-15
+===================
+
+  * deps: bytes@3.1.2
+  * deps: qs@6.9.7
+    * Fix handling of `__proto__` keys
+  * deps: raw-body@2.4.3
+    - deps: bytes@3.1.2
+
+1.19.1 / 2021-12-10
+===================
+
+  * deps: bytes@3.1.1
+  * deps: http-errors@1.8.1
+    - deps: inherits@2.0.4
+    - deps: toidentifier@1.0.1
+    - deps: setprototypeof@1.2.0
+  * deps: qs@6.9.6
+  * deps: raw-body@2.4.2
+    - deps: bytes@3.1.1
+    - deps: http-errors@1.8.1
+  * deps: safe-buffer@5.2.1
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.18
+
+1.19.0 / 2019-04-25
+===================
+
+  * deps: bytes@3.1.0
+    - Add petabyte (`pb`) support
+  * deps: http-errors@1.7.2
+    - Set constructor name when possible
+    - deps: setprototypeof@1.1.1
+    - deps: statuses@'>= 1.5.0 < 2'
+  * deps: iconv-lite@0.4.24
+    - Added encoding MIK
+  * deps: qs@6.7.0
+    - Fix parsing array brackets after index
+  * deps: raw-body@2.4.0
+    - deps: bytes@3.1.0
+    - deps: http-errors@1.7.2
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.24
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.17
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.24
+    - perf: prevent internal `throw` on invalid type
+
+1.18.3 / 2018-05-14
+===================
+
+  * Fix stack trace for strict json parse error
+  * deps: depd@~1.1.2
+    - perf: remove argument reassignment
+  * deps: http-errors@~1.6.3
+    - deps: depd@~1.1.2
+    - deps: setprototypeof@1.1.0
+    - deps: statuses@'>= 1.3.1 < 2'
+  * deps: iconv-lite@0.4.23
+    - Fix loading encoding with year appended
+    - Fix deprecation warnings on Node.js 10+
+  * deps: qs@6.5.2
+  * deps: raw-body@2.3.3
+    - deps: http-errors@1.6.3
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.23
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.16
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.18
+
+1.18.2 / 2017-09-22
+===================
+
+  * deps: debug@2.6.9
+  * perf: remove argument reassignment
+
+1.18.1 / 2017-09-12
+===================
+
+  * deps: content-type@~1.0.4
+    - perf: remove argument reassignment
+    - perf: skip parameter parsing when no parameters
+  * deps: iconv-lite@0.4.19
+    - Fix ISO-8859-1 regression
+    - Update Windows-1255
+  * deps: qs@6.5.1
+    - Fix parsing & compacting very deep objects
+  * deps: raw-body@2.3.2
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.19
+
+1.18.0 / 2017-09-08
+===================
+
+  * Fix JSON strict violation error to match native parse error
+  * Include the `body` property on verify errors
+  * Include the `type` property on all generated errors
+  * Use `http-errors` to set status code on errors
+  * deps: bytes@3.0.0
+  * deps: debug@2.6.8
+  * deps: depd@~1.1.1
+    - Remove unnecessary `Buffer` loading
+  * deps: http-errors@~1.6.2
+    - deps: depd@1.1.1
+  * deps: iconv-lite@0.4.18
+    - Add support for React Native
+    - Add a warning if not loaded as utf-8
+    - Fix CESU-8 decoding in Node.js 8
+    - Improve speed of ISO-8859-1 encoding
+  * deps: qs@6.5.0
+  * deps: raw-body@2.3.1
+    - Use `http-errors` for standard emitted errors
+    - deps: bytes@3.0.0
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.18
+    - perf: skip buffer decoding on overage chunk
+  * perf: prevent internal `throw` when missing charset
+
+1.17.2 / 2017-05-17
+===================
+
+  * deps: debug@2.6.7
+    - Fix `DEBUG_MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH`
+    - deps: ms@2.0.0
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.15
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.15
+
+1.17.1 / 2017-03-06
+===================
+
+  * deps: qs@6.4.0
+    - Fix regression parsing keys starting with `[`
+
+1.17.0 / 2017-03-01
+===================
+
+  * deps: http-errors@~1.6.1
+    - Make `message` property enumerable for `HttpError`s
+    - deps: setprototypeof@1.0.3
+  * deps: qs@6.3.1
+    - Fix compacting nested arrays
+
+1.16.1 / 2017-02-10
+===================
+
+  * deps: debug@2.6.1
+    - Fix deprecation messages in WebStorm and other editors
+    - Undeprecate `DEBUG_FD` set to `1` or `2`
+
+1.16.0 / 2017-01-17
+===================
+
+  * deps: debug@2.6.0
+    - Allow colors in workers
+    - Deprecated `DEBUG_FD` environment variable
+    - Fix error when running under React Native
+    - Use same color for same namespace
+    - deps: ms@0.7.2
+  * deps: http-errors@~1.5.1
+    - deps: inherits@2.0.3
+    - deps: setprototypeof@1.0.2
+    - deps: statuses@'>= 1.3.1 < 2'
+  * deps: iconv-lite@0.4.15
+    - Added encoding MS-31J
+    - Added encoding MS-932
+    - Added encoding MS-936
+    - Added encoding MS-949
+    - Added encoding MS-950
+    - Fix GBK/GB18030 handling of Euro character
+  * deps: qs@6.2.1
+    - Fix array parsing from skipping empty values
+  * deps: raw-body@~2.2.0
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.15
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.14
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.13
+
+1.15.2 / 2016-06-19
+===================
+
+  * deps: bytes@2.4.0
+  * deps: content-type@~1.0.2
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+  * deps: http-errors@~1.5.0
+    - Use `setprototypeof` module to replace `__proto__` setting
+    - deps: statuses@'>= 1.3.0 < 2'
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+  * deps: qs@6.2.0
+  * deps: raw-body@~2.1.7
+    - deps: bytes@2.4.0
+    - perf: remove double-cleanup on happy path
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.13
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.11
+
+1.15.1 / 2016-05-05
+===================
+
+  * deps: bytes@2.3.0
+    - Drop partial bytes on all parsed units
+    - Fix parsing byte string that looks like hex
+  * deps: raw-body@~2.1.6
+    - deps: bytes@2.3.0
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.12
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.10
+
+1.15.0 / 2016-02-10
+===================
+
+  * deps: http-errors@~1.4.0
+    - Add `HttpError` export, for `err instanceof createError.HttpError`
+    - deps: inherits@2.0.1
+    - deps: statuses@'>= 1.2.1 < 2'
+  * deps: qs@6.1.0
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.11
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.9
+
+1.14.2 / 2015-12-16
+===================
+
+  * deps: bytes@2.2.0
+  * deps: iconv-lite@0.4.13
+  * deps: qs@5.2.0
+  * deps: raw-body@~2.1.5
+    - deps: bytes@2.2.0
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.13
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.10
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.8
+
+1.14.1 / 2015-09-27
+===================
+
+  * Fix issue where invalid charset results in 400 when `verify` used
+  * deps: iconv-lite@0.4.12
+    - Fix CESU-8 decoding in Node.js 4.x
+  * deps: raw-body@~2.1.4
+    - Fix masking critical errors from `iconv-lite`
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.12
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.9
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.7
+
+1.14.0 / 2015-09-16
+===================
+
+  * Fix JSON strict parse error to match syntax errors
+  * Provide static `require` analysis in `urlencoded` parser
+  * deps: depd@~1.1.0
+    - Support web browser loading
+  * deps: qs@5.1.0
+  * deps: raw-body@~2.1.3
+    - Fix sync callback when attaching data listener causes sync read
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.8
+    - Fix type error when given invalid type to match against
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.6
+
+1.13.3 / 2015-07-31
+===================
+
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.6
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.4
+
+1.13.2 / 2015-07-05
+===================
+
+  * deps: iconv-lite@0.4.11
+  * deps: qs@4.0.0
+    - Fix dropping parameters like `hasOwnProperty`
+    - Fix user-visible incompatibilities from 3.1.0
+    - Fix various parsing edge cases
+  * deps: raw-body@~2.1.2
+    - Fix error stack traces to skip `makeError`
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.11
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.4
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.2
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+    - perf: remove argument reassignment
+
+1.13.1 / 2015-06-16
+===================
+
+  * deps: qs@2.4.2
+    - Downgraded from 3.1.0 because of user-visible incompatibilities
+
+1.13.0 / 2015-06-14
+===================
+
+  * Add `statusCode` property on `Error`s, in addition to `status`
+  * Change `type` default to `application/json` for JSON parser
+  * Change `type` default to `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` for urlencoded parser
+  * Provide static `require` analysis
+  * Use the `http-errors` module to generate errors
+  * deps: bytes@2.1.0
+    - Slight optimizations
+  * deps: iconv-lite@0.4.10
+    - The encoding UTF-16 without BOM now defaults to UTF-16LE when detection fails
+    - Leading BOM is now removed when decoding
+  * deps: on-finished@~2.3.0
+    - Add defined behavior for HTTP `CONNECT` requests
+    - Add defined behavior for HTTP `Upgrade` requests
+    - deps: ee-first@1.1.1
+  * deps: qs@3.1.0
+    - Fix dropping parameters like `hasOwnProperty`
+    - Fix various parsing edge cases
+    - Parsed object now has `null` prototype
+  * deps: raw-body@~2.1.1
+    - Use `unpipe` module for unpiping requests
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.10
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.3
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.1
+    - perf: reduce try block size
+    - perf: remove bitwise operations
+  * perf: enable strict mode
+  * perf: remove argument reassignment
+  * perf: remove delete call
+
+1.12.4 / 2015-05-10
+===================
+
+  * deps: debug@~2.2.0
+  * deps: qs@2.4.2
+    - Fix allowing parameters like `constructor`
+  * deps: on-finished@~2.2.1
+  * deps: raw-body@~2.0.1
+    - Fix a false-positive when unpiping in Node.js 0.8
+    - deps: bytes@2.0.1
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.2
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.11
+
+1.12.3 / 2015-04-15
+===================
+
+  * Slight efficiency improvement when not debugging
+  * deps: depd@~1.0.1
+  * deps: iconv-lite@0.4.8
+    - Add encoding alias UNICODE-1-1-UTF-7
+  * deps: raw-body@1.3.4
+    - Fix hanging callback if request aborts during read
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.8
+
+1.12.2 / 2015-03-16
+===================
+
+  * deps: qs@2.4.1
+    - Fix error when parameter `hasOwnProperty` is present
+
+1.12.1 / 2015-03-15
+===================
+
+  * deps: debug@~2.1.3
+    - Fix high intensity foreground color for bold
+    - deps: ms@0.7.0
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.1
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.10
+
+1.12.0 / 2015-02-13
+===================
+
+  * add `debug` messages
+  * accept a function for the `type` option
+  * use `content-type` to parse `Content-Type` headers
+  * deps: iconv-lite@0.4.7
+    - Gracefully support enumerables on `Object.prototype`
+  * deps: raw-body@1.3.3
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.7
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.0
+    - fix argument reassignment
+    - fix false-positives in `hasBody` `Transfer-Encoding` check
+    - support wildcard for both type and subtype (`*/*`)
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.9
+
+1.11.0 / 2015-01-30
+===================
+
+  * make internal `extended: true` depth limit infinity
+  * deps: type-is@~1.5.6
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.8
+
+1.10.2 / 2015-01-20
+===================
+
+  * deps: iconv-lite@0.4.6
+    - Fix rare aliases of single-byte encodings
+  * deps: raw-body@1.3.2
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.6
+
+1.10.1 / 2015-01-01
+===================
+
+  * deps: on-finished@~2.2.0
+  * deps: type-is@~1.5.5
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.7
+
+1.10.0 / 2014-12-02
+===================
+
+  * make internal `extended: true` array limit dynamic
+
+1.9.3 / 2014-11-21
+==================
+
+  * deps: iconv-lite@0.4.5
+    - Fix Windows-31J and X-SJIS encoding support
+  * deps: qs@2.3.3
+    - Fix `arrayLimit` behavior
+  * deps: raw-body@1.3.1
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.5
+  * deps: type-is@~1.5.3
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.3
+
+1.9.2 / 2014-10-27
+==================
+
+  * deps: qs@2.3.2
+    - Fix parsing of mixed objects and values
+
+1.9.1 / 2014-10-22
+==================
+
+  * deps: on-finished@~2.1.1
+    - Fix handling of pipelined requests
+  * deps: qs@2.3.0
+    - Fix parsing of mixed implicit and explicit arrays
+  * deps: type-is@~1.5.2
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.2
+
+1.9.0 / 2014-09-24
+==================
+
+  * include the charset in "unsupported charset" error message
+  * include the encoding in "unsupported content encoding" error message
+  * deps: depd@~1.0.0
+
+1.8.4 / 2014-09-23
+==================
+
+  * fix content encoding to be case-insensitive
+
+1.8.3 / 2014-09-19
+==================
+
+  * deps: qs@2.2.4
+    - Fix issue with object keys starting with numbers truncated
+
+1.8.2 / 2014-09-15
+==================
+
+  * deps: depd@0.4.5
+
+1.8.1 / 2014-09-07
+==================
+
+  * deps: media-typer@0.3.0
+  * deps: type-is@~1.5.1
+
+1.8.0 / 2014-09-05
+==================
+
+  * make empty-body-handling consistent between chunked requests
+    - empty `json` produces `{}`
+    - empty `raw` produces `new Buffer(0)`
+    - empty `text` produces `''`
+    - empty `urlencoded` produces `{}`
+  * deps: qs@2.2.3
+    - Fix issue where first empty value in array is discarded
+  * deps: type-is@~1.5.0
+    - fix `hasbody` to be true for `content-length: 0`
+
+1.7.0 / 2014-09-01
+==================
+
+  * add `parameterLimit` option to `urlencoded` parser
+  * change `urlencoded` extended array limit to 100
+  * respond with 413 when over `parameterLimit` in `urlencoded`
+
+1.6.7 / 2014-08-29
+==================
+
+  * deps: qs@2.2.2
+    - Remove unnecessary cloning
+
+1.6.6 / 2014-08-27
+==================
+
+  * deps: qs@2.2.0
+    - Array parsing fix
+    - Performance improvements
+
+1.6.5 / 2014-08-16
+==================
+
+  * deps: on-finished@2.1.0
+
+1.6.4 / 2014-08-14
+==================
+
+  * deps: qs@1.2.2
+
+1.6.3 / 2014-08-10
+==================
+
+  * deps: qs@1.2.1
+
+1.6.2 / 2014-08-07
+==================
+
+  * deps: qs@1.2.0
+    - Fix parsing array of objects
+
+1.6.1 / 2014-08-06
+==================
+
+  * deps: qs@1.1.0
+    - Accept urlencoded square brackets
+    - Accept empty values in implicit array notation
+
+1.6.0 / 2014-08-05
+==================
+
+  * deps: qs@1.0.2
+    - Complete rewrite
+    - Limits array length to 20
+    - Limits object depth to 5
+    - Limits parameters to 1,000
+
+1.5.2 / 2014-07-27
+==================
+
+  * deps: depd@0.4.4
+    - Work-around v8 generating empty stack traces
+
+1.5.1 / 2014-07-26
+==================
+
+  * deps: depd@0.4.3
+    - Fix exception when global `Error.stackTraceLimit` is too low
+
+1.5.0 / 2014-07-20
+==================
+
+  * deps: depd@0.4.2
+    - Add `TRACE_DEPRECATION` environment variable
+    - Remove non-standard grey color from color output
+    - Support `--no-deprecation` argument
+    - Support `--trace-deprecation` argument
+  * deps: iconv-lite@0.4.4
+    - Added encoding UTF-7
+  * deps: raw-body@1.3.0
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.4
+    - Added encoding UTF-7
+    - Fix `Cannot switch to old mode now` error on Node.js 0.10+
+  * deps: type-is@~1.3.2
+
+1.4.3 / 2014-06-19
+==================
+
+  * deps: type-is@1.3.1
+    - fix global variable leak
+
+1.4.2 / 2014-06-19
+==================
+
+  * deps: type-is@1.3.0
+    - improve type parsing
+
+1.4.1 / 2014-06-19
+==================
+
+  * fix urlencoded extended deprecation message
+
+1.4.0 / 2014-06-19
+==================
+
+  * add `text` parser
+  * add `raw` parser
+  * check accepted charset in content-type (accepts utf-8)
+  * check accepted encoding in content-encoding (accepts identity)
+  * deprecate `bodyParser()` middleware; use `.json()` and `.urlencoded()` as needed
+  * deprecate `urlencoded()` without provided `extended` option
+  * lazy-load urlencoded parsers
+  * parsers split into files for reduced mem usage
+  * support gzip and deflate bodies
+    - set `inflate: false` to turn off
+  * deps: raw-body@1.2.2
+    - Support all encodings from `iconv-lite`
+
+1.3.1 / 2014-06-11
+==================
+
+  * deps: type-is@1.2.1
+    - Switch dependency from mime to mime-types@1.0.0
+
+1.3.0 / 2014-05-31
+==================
+
+  * add `extended` option to urlencoded parser
+
+1.2.2 / 2014-05-27
+==================
+
+  * deps: raw-body@1.1.6
+    - assert stream encoding on node.js 0.8
+    - assert stream encoding on node.js < 0.10.6
+    - deps: bytes@1
+
+1.2.1 / 2014-05-26
+==================
+
+  * invoke `next(err)` after request fully read
+    - prevents hung responses and socket hang ups
+
+1.2.0 / 2014-05-11
+==================
+
+  * add `verify` option
+  * deps: type-is@1.2.0
+    - support suffix matching
+
+1.1.2 / 2014-05-11
+==================
+
+  * improve json parser speed
+
+1.1.1 / 2014-05-11
+==================
+
+  * fix repeated limit parsing with every request
+
+1.1.0 / 2014-05-10
+==================
+
+  * add `type` option
+  * deps: pin for safety and consistency
+
+1.0.2 / 2014-04-14
+==================
+
+  * use `type-is` module
+
+1.0.1 / 2014-03-20
+==================
+
+  * lower default limits to 100kb
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2014 Jonathan Ong <me@jongleberry.com>
+Copyright (c) 2014-2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson <doug@somethingdoug.com>
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,476 @@
+# body-parser
+
+[![NPM Version][npm-version-image]][npm-url]
+[![NPM Downloads][npm-downloads-image]][npm-url]
+[![Build Status][ci-image]][ci-url]
+[![Test Coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
+[![OpenSSF Scorecard Badge][ossf-scorecard-badge]][ossf-scorecard-visualizer]
+
+Node.js body parsing middleware.
+
+Parse incoming request bodies in a middleware before your handlers, available
+under the `req.body` property.
+
+**Note** As `req.body`'s shape is based on user-controlled input, all
+properties and values in this object are untrusted and should be validated
+before trusting. For example, `req.body.foo.toString()` may fail in multiple
+ways, for example the `foo` property may not be there or may not be a string,
+and `toString` may not be a function and instead a string or other user input.
+
+[Learn about the anatomy of an HTTP transaction in Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/docs/guides/anatomy-of-an-http-transaction/).
+
+_This does not handle multipart bodies_, due to their complex and typically
+large nature. For multipart bodies, you may be interested in the following
+modules:
+
+  * [busboy](https://www.npmjs.org/package/busboy#readme) and
+    [connect-busboy](https://www.npmjs.org/package/connect-busboy#readme)
+  * [multiparty](https://www.npmjs.org/package/multiparty#readme) and
+    [connect-multiparty](https://www.npmjs.org/package/connect-multiparty#readme)
+  * [formidable](https://www.npmjs.org/package/formidable#readme)
+  * [multer](https://www.npmjs.org/package/multer#readme)
+
+This module provides the following parsers:
+
+  * [JSON body parser](#bodyparserjsonoptions)
+  * [Raw body parser](#bodyparserrawoptions)
+  * [Text body parser](#bodyparsertextoptions)
+  * [URL-encoded form body parser](#bodyparserurlencodedoptions)
+
+Other body parsers you might be interested in:
+
+- [body](https://www.npmjs.org/package/body#readme)
+- [co-body](https://www.npmjs.org/package/co-body#readme)
+
+## Installation
+
+```sh
+$ npm install body-parser
+```
+
+## API
+
+```js
+var bodyParser = require('body-parser')
+```
+
+The `bodyParser` object exposes various factories to create middlewares. All
+middlewares will populate the `req.body` property with the parsed body when
+the `Content-Type` request header matches the `type` option, or an empty
+object (`{}`) if there was no body to parse, the `Content-Type` was not matched,
+or an error occurred.
+
+The various errors returned by this module are described in the
+[errors section](#errors).
+
+### bodyParser.json([options])
+
+Returns middleware that only parses `json` and only looks at requests where
+the `Content-Type` header matches the `type` option. This parser accepts any
+Unicode encoding of the body and supports automatic inflation of `gzip` and
+`deflate` encodings.
+
+A new `body` object containing the parsed data is populated on the `request`
+object after the middleware (i.e. `req.body`).
+
+#### Options
+
+The `json` function takes an optional `options` object that may contain any of
+the following keys:
+
+##### inflate
+
+When set to `true`, then deflated (compressed) bodies will be inflated; when
+`false`, deflated bodies are rejected. Defaults to `true`.
+
+##### limit
+
+Controls the maximum request body size. If this is a number, then the value
+specifies the number of bytes; if it is a string, the value is passed to the
+[bytes](https://www.npmjs.com/package/bytes) library for parsing. Defaults
+to `'100kb'`.
+
+##### reviver
+
+The `reviver` option is passed directly to `JSON.parse` as the second
+argument. You can find more information on this argument
+[in the MDN documentation about JSON.parse](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON/parse#Example.3A_Using_the_reviver_parameter).
+
+##### strict
+
+When set to `true`, will only accept arrays and objects; when `false` will
+accept anything `JSON.parse` accepts. Defaults to `true`.
+
+##### type
+
+The `type` option is used to determine what media type the middleware will
+parse. This option can be a string, array of strings, or a function. If not a
+function, `type` option is passed directly to the
+[type-is](https://www.npmjs.org/package/type-is#readme) library and this can
+be an extension name (like `json`), a mime type (like `application/json`), or
+a mime type with a wildcard (like `*/*` or `*/json`). If a function, the `type`
+option is called as `fn(req)` and the request is parsed if it returns a truthy
+value. Defaults to `application/json`.
+
+##### verify
+
+The `verify` option, if supplied, is called as `verify(req, res, buf, encoding)`,
+where `buf` is a `Buffer` of the raw request body and `encoding` is the
+encoding of the request. The parsing can be aborted by throwing an error.
+
+### bodyParser.raw([options])
+
+Returns middleware that parses all bodies as a `Buffer` and only looks at
+requests where the `Content-Type` header matches the `type` option. This
+parser supports automatic inflation of `gzip` and `deflate` encodings.
+
+A new `body` object containing the parsed data is populated on the `request`
+object after the middleware (i.e. `req.body`). This will be a `Buffer` object
+of the body.
+
+#### Options
+
+The `raw` function takes an optional `options` object that may contain any of
+the following keys:
+
+##### inflate
+
+When set to `true`, then deflated (compressed) bodies will be inflated; when
+`false`, deflated bodies are rejected. Defaults to `true`.
+
+##### limit
+
+Controls the maximum request body size. If this is a number, then the value
+specifies the number of bytes; if it is a string, the value is passed to the
+[bytes](https://www.npmjs.com/package/bytes) library for parsing. Defaults
+to `'100kb'`.
+
+##### type
+
+The `type` option is used to determine what media type the middleware will
+parse. This option can be a string, array of strings, or a function.
+If not a function, `type` option is passed directly to the
+[type-is](https://www.npmjs.org/package/type-is#readme) library and this
+can be an extension name (like `bin`), a mime type (like
+`application/octet-stream`), or a mime type with a wildcard (like `*/*` or
+`application/*`). If a function, the `type` option is called as `fn(req)`
+and the request is parsed if it returns a truthy value. Defaults to
+`application/octet-stream`.
+
+##### verify
+
+The `verify` option, if supplied, is called as `verify(req, res, buf, encoding)`,
+where `buf` is a `Buffer` of the raw request body and `encoding` is the
+encoding of the request. The parsing can be aborted by throwing an error.
+
+### bodyParser.text([options])
+
+Returns middleware that parses all bodies as a string and only looks at
+requests where the `Content-Type` header matches the `type` option. This
+parser supports automatic inflation of `gzip` and `deflate` encodings.
+
+A new `body` string containing the parsed data is populated on the `request`
+object after the middleware (i.e. `req.body`). This will be a string of the
+body.
+
+#### Options
+
+The `text` function takes an optional `options` object that may contain any of
+the following keys:
+
+##### defaultCharset
+
+Specify the default character set for the text content if the charset is not
+specified in the `Content-Type` header of the request. Defaults to `utf-8`.
+
+##### inflate
+
+When set to `true`, then deflated (compressed) bodies will be inflated; when
+`false`, deflated bodies are rejected. Defaults to `true`.
+
+##### limit
+
+Controls the maximum request body size. If this is a number, then the value
+specifies the number of bytes; if it is a string, the value is passed to the
+[bytes](https://www.npmjs.com/package/bytes) library for parsing. Defaults
+to `'100kb'`.
+
+##### type
+
+The `type` option is used to determine what media type the middleware will
+parse. This option can be a string, array of strings, or a function. If not
+a function, `type` option is passed directly to the
+[type-is](https://www.npmjs.org/package/type-is#readme) library and this can
+be an extension name (like `txt`), a mime type (like `text/plain`), or a mime
+type with a wildcard (like `*/*` or `text/*`). If a function, the `type`
+option is called as `fn(req)` and the request is parsed if it returns a
+truthy value. Defaults to `text/plain`.
+
+##### verify
+
+The `verify` option, if supplied, is called as `verify(req, res, buf, encoding)`,
+where `buf` is a `Buffer` of the raw request body and `encoding` is the
+encoding of the request. The parsing can be aborted by throwing an error.
+
+### bodyParser.urlencoded([options])
+
+Returns middleware that only parses `urlencoded` bodies and only looks at
+requests where the `Content-Type` header matches the `type` option. This
+parser accepts only UTF-8 encoding of the body and supports automatic
+inflation of `gzip` and `deflate` encodings.
+
+A new `body` object containing the parsed data is populated on the `request`
+object after the middleware (i.e. `req.body`). This object will contain
+key-value pairs, where the value can be a string or array (when `extended` is
+`false`), or any type (when `extended` is `true`).
+
+#### Options
+
+The `urlencoded` function takes an optional `options` object that may contain
+any of the following keys:
+
+##### extended
+
+The `extended` option allows to choose between parsing the URL-encoded data
+with the `querystring` library (when `false`) or the `qs` library (when
+`true`). The "extended" syntax allows for rich objects and arrays to be
+encoded into the URL-encoded format, allowing for a JSON-like experience
+with URL-encoded. For more information, please
+[see the qs library](https://www.npmjs.org/package/qs#readme).
+
+Defaults to `true`, but using the default has been deprecated. Please
+research into the difference between `qs` and `querystring` and choose the
+appropriate setting.
+
+##### inflate
+
+When set to `true`, then deflated (compressed) bodies will be inflated; when
+`false`, deflated bodies are rejected. Defaults to `true`.
+
+##### limit
+
+Controls the maximum request body size. If this is a number, then the value
+specifies the number of bytes; if it is a string, the value is passed to the
+[bytes](https://www.npmjs.com/package/bytes) library for parsing. Defaults
+to `'100kb'`.
+
+##### parameterLimit
+
+The `parameterLimit` option controls the maximum number of parameters that
+are allowed in the URL-encoded data. If a request contains more parameters
+than this value, a 413 will be returned to the client. Defaults to `1000`.
+
+##### type
+
+The `type` option is used to determine what media type the middleware will
+parse. This option can be a string, array of strings, or a function. If not
+a function, `type` option is passed directly to the
+[type-is](https://www.npmjs.org/package/type-is#readme) library and this can
+be an extension name (like `urlencoded`), a mime type (like
+`application/x-www-form-urlencoded`), or a mime type with a wildcard (like
+`*/x-www-form-urlencoded`). If a function, the `type` option is called as
+`fn(req)` and the request is parsed if it returns a truthy value. Defaults
+to `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`.
+
+##### verify
+
+The `verify` option, if supplied, is called as `verify(req, res, buf, encoding)`,
+where `buf` is a `Buffer` of the raw request body and `encoding` is the
+encoding of the request. The parsing can be aborted by throwing an error.
+
+#### depth
+
+The `depth` option is used to configure the maximum depth of the `qs` library when `extended` is `true`. This allows you to limit the amount of keys that are parsed and can be useful to prevent certain types of abuse. Defaults to `32`. It is recommended to keep this value as low as possible.
+
+## Errors
+
+The middlewares provided by this module create errors using the
+[`http-errors` module](https://www.npmjs.com/package/http-errors). The errors
+will typically have a `status`/`statusCode` property that contains the suggested
+HTTP response code, an `expose` property to determine if the `message` property
+should be displayed to the client, a `type` property to determine the type of
+error without matching against the `message`, and a `body` property containing
+the read body, if available.
+
+The following are the common errors created, though any error can come through
+for various reasons.
+
+### content encoding unsupported
+
+This error will occur when the request had a `Content-Encoding` header that
+contained an encoding but the "inflation" option was set to `false`. The
+`status` property is set to `415`, the `type` property is set to
+`'encoding.unsupported'`, and the `charset` property will be set to the
+encoding that is unsupported.
+
+### entity parse failed
+
+This error will occur when the request contained an entity that could not be
+parsed by the middleware. The `status` property is set to `400`, the `type`
+property is set to `'entity.parse.failed'`, and the `body` property is set to
+the entity value that failed parsing.
+
+### entity verify failed
+
+This error will occur when the request contained an entity that could not be
+failed verification by the defined `verify` option. The `status` property is
+set to `403`, the `type` property is set to `'entity.verify.failed'`, and the
+`body` property is set to the entity value that failed verification.
+
+### request aborted
+
+This error will occur when the request is aborted by the client before reading
+the body has finished. The `received` property will be set to the number of
+bytes received before the request was aborted and the `expected` property is
+set to the number of expected bytes. The `status` property is set to `400`
+and `type` property is set to `'request.aborted'`.
+
+### request entity too large
+
+This error will occur when the request body's size is larger than the "limit"
+option. The `limit` property will be set to the byte limit and the `length`
+property will be set to the request body's length. The `status` property is
+set to `413` and the `type` property is set to `'entity.too.large'`.
+
+### request size did not match content length
+
+This error will occur when the request's length did not match the length from
+the `Content-Length` header. This typically occurs when the request is malformed,
+typically when the `Content-Length` header was calculated based on characters
+instead of bytes. The `status` property is set to `400` and the `type` property
+is set to `'request.size.invalid'`.
+
+### stream encoding should not be set
+
+This error will occur when something called the `req.setEncoding` method prior
+to this middleware. This module operates directly on bytes only and you cannot
+call `req.setEncoding` when using this module. The `status` property is set to
+`500` and the `type` property is set to `'stream.encoding.set'`.
+
+### stream is not readable
+
+This error will occur when the request is no longer readable when this middleware
+attempts to read it. This typically means something other than a middleware from
+this module read the request body already and the middleware was also configured to
+read the same request. The `status` property is set to `500` and the `type`
+property is set to `'stream.not.readable'`.
+
+### too many parameters
+
+This error will occur when the content of the request exceeds the configured
+`parameterLimit` for the `urlencoded` parser. The `status` property is set to
+`413` and the `type` property is set to `'parameters.too.many'`.
+
+### unsupported charset "BOGUS"
+
+This error will occur when the request had a charset parameter in the
+`Content-Type` header, but the `iconv-lite` module does not support it OR the
+parser does not support it. The charset is contained in the message as well
+as in the `charset` property. The `status` property is set to `415`, the
+`type` property is set to `'charset.unsupported'`, and the `charset` property
+is set to the charset that is unsupported.
+
+### unsupported content encoding "bogus"
+
+This error will occur when the request had a `Content-Encoding` header that
+contained an unsupported encoding. The encoding is contained in the message
+as well as in the `encoding` property. The `status` property is set to `415`,
+the `type` property is set to `'encoding.unsupported'`, and the `encoding`
+property is set to the encoding that is unsupported.
+
+### The input exceeded the depth
+
+This error occurs when using `bodyParser.urlencoded` with the `extended` property set to `true` and the input exceeds the configured `depth` option. The `status` property is set to `400`. It is recommended to review the `depth` option and evaluate if it requires a higher value. When the `depth` option is set to `32` (default value), the error will not be thrown.
+
+## Examples
+
+### Express/Connect top-level generic
+
+This example demonstrates adding a generic JSON and URL-encoded parser as a
+top-level middleware, which will parse the bodies of all incoming requests.
+This is the simplest setup.
+
+```js
+var express = require('express')
+var bodyParser = require('body-parser')
+
+var app = express()
+
+// parse application/x-www-form-urlencoded
+app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }))
+
+// parse application/json
+app.use(bodyParser.json())
+
+app.use(function (req, res) {
+  res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/plain')
+  res.write('you posted:\n')
+  res.end(JSON.stringify(req.body, null, 2))
+})
+```
+
+### Express route-specific
+
+This example demonstrates adding body parsers specifically to the routes that
+need them. In general, this is the most recommended way to use body-parser with
+Express.
+
+```js
+var express = require('express')
+var bodyParser = require('body-parser')
+
+var app = express()
+
+// create application/json parser
+var jsonParser = bodyParser.json()
+
+// create application/x-www-form-urlencoded parser
+var urlencodedParser = bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false })
+
+// POST /login gets urlencoded bodies
+app.post('/login', urlencodedParser, function (req, res) {
+  res.send('welcome, ' + req.body.username)
+})
+
+// POST /api/users gets JSON bodies
+app.post('/api/users', jsonParser, function (req, res) {
+  // create user in req.body
+})
+```
+
+### Change accepted type for parsers
+
+All the parsers accept a `type` option which allows you to change the
+`Content-Type` that the middleware will parse.
+
+```js
+var express = require('express')
+var bodyParser = require('body-parser')
+
+var app = express()
+
+// parse various different custom JSON types as JSON
+app.use(bodyParser.json({ type: 'application/*+json' }))
+
+// parse some custom thing into a Buffer
+app.use(bodyParser.raw({ type: 'application/vnd.custom-type' }))
+
+// parse an HTML body into a string
+app.use(bodyParser.text({ type: 'text/html' }))
+```
+
+## License
+
+[MIT](LICENSE)
+
+[ci-image]: https://badgen.net/github/checks/expressjs/body-parser/master?label=ci
+[ci-url]: https://github.com/expressjs/body-parser/actions/workflows/ci.yml
+[coveralls-image]: https://badgen.net/coveralls/c/github/expressjs/body-parser/master
+[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/expressjs/body-parser?branch=master
+[node-version-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/node/body-parser
+[node-version-url]: https://nodejs.org/en/download
+[npm-downloads-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/dm/body-parser
+[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/body-parser
+[npm-version-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/v/body-parser
+[ossf-scorecard-badge]: https://api.scorecard.dev/projects/github.com/expressjs/body-parser/badge
+[ossf-scorecard-visualizer]: https://ossf.github.io/scorecard-visualizer/#/projects/github.com/expressjs/body-parser
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+/*!
+ * body-parser
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var deprecate = require('depd')('body-parser')
+
+/**
+ * Cache of loaded parsers.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var parsers = Object.create(null)
+
+/**
+ * @typedef Parsers
+ * @type {function}
+ * @property {function} json
+ * @property {function} raw
+ * @property {function} text
+ * @property {function} urlencoded
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ * @type {Parsers}
+ */
+
+exports = module.exports = deprecate.function(bodyParser,
+  'bodyParser: use individual json/urlencoded middlewares')
+
+/**
+ * JSON parser.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, 'json', {
+  configurable: true,
+  enumerable: true,
+  get: createParserGetter('json')
+})
+
+/**
+ * Raw parser.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, 'raw', {
+  configurable: true,
+  enumerable: true,
+  get: createParserGetter('raw')
+})
+
+/**
+ * Text parser.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, 'text', {
+  configurable: true,
+  enumerable: true,
+  get: createParserGetter('text')
+})
+
+/**
+ * URL-encoded parser.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, 'urlencoded', {
+  configurable: true,
+  enumerable: true,
+  get: createParserGetter('urlencoded')
+})
+
+/**
+ * Create a middleware to parse json and urlencoded bodies.
+ *
+ * @param {object} [options]
+ * @return {function}
+ * @deprecated
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function bodyParser (options) {
+  // use default type for parsers
+  var opts = Object.create(options || null, {
+    type: {
+      configurable: true,
+      enumerable: true,
+      value: undefined,
+      writable: true
+    }
+  })
+
+  var _urlencoded = exports.urlencoded(opts)
+  var _json = exports.json(opts)
+
+  return function bodyParser (req, res, next) {
+    _json(req, res, function (err) {
+      if (err) return next(err)
+      _urlencoded(req, res, next)
+    })
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a getter for loading a parser.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function createParserGetter (name) {
+  return function get () {
+    return loadParser(name)
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Load a parser module.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function loadParser (parserName) {
+  var parser = parsers[parserName]
+
+  if (parser !== undefined) {
+    return parser
+  }
+
+  // this uses a switch for static require analysis
+  switch (parserName) {
+    case 'json':
+      parser = require('./lib/types/json')
+      break
+    case 'raw':
+      parser = require('./lib/types/raw')
+      break
+    case 'text':
+      parser = require('./lib/types/text')
+      break
+    case 'urlencoded':
+      parser = require('./lib/types/urlencoded')
+      break
+  }
+
+  // store to prevent invoking require()
+  return (parsers[parserName] = parser)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+/*!
+ * body-parser
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var createError = require('http-errors')
+var destroy = require('destroy')
+var getBody = require('raw-body')
+var iconv = require('iconv-lite')
+var onFinished = require('on-finished')
+var unpipe = require('unpipe')
+var zlib = require('zlib')
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ */
+
+module.exports = read
+
+/**
+ * Read a request into a buffer and parse.
+ *
+ * @param {object} req
+ * @param {object} res
+ * @param {function} next
+ * @param {function} parse
+ * @param {function} debug
+ * @param {object} options
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function read (req, res, next, parse, debug, options) {
+  var length
+  var opts = options
+  var stream
+
+  // flag as parsed
+  req._body = true
+
+  // read options
+  var encoding = opts.encoding !== null
+    ? opts.encoding
+    : null
+  var verify = opts.verify
+
+  try {
+    // get the content stream
+    stream = contentstream(req, debug, opts.inflate)
+    length = stream.length
+    stream.length = undefined
+  } catch (err) {
+    return next(err)
+  }
+
+  // set raw-body options
+  opts.length = length
+  opts.encoding = verify
+    ? null
+    : encoding
+
+  // assert charset is supported
+  if (opts.encoding === null && encoding !== null && !iconv.encodingExists(encoding)) {
+    return next(createError(415, 'unsupported charset "' + encoding.toUpperCase() + '"', {
+      charset: encoding.toLowerCase(),
+      type: 'charset.unsupported'
+    }))
+  }
+
+  // read body
+  debug('read body')
+  getBody(stream, opts, function (error, body) {
+    if (error) {
+      var _error
+
+      if (error.type === 'encoding.unsupported') {
+        // echo back charset
+        _error = createError(415, 'unsupported charset "' + encoding.toUpperCase() + '"', {
+          charset: encoding.toLowerCase(),
+          type: 'charset.unsupported'
+        })
+      } else {
+        // set status code on error
+        _error = createError(400, error)
+      }
+
+      // unpipe from stream and destroy
+      if (stream !== req) {
+        unpipe(req)
+        destroy(stream, true)
+      }
+
+      // read off entire request
+      dump(req, function onfinished () {
+        next(createError(400, _error))
+      })
+      return
+    }
+
+    // verify
+    if (verify) {
+      try {
+        debug('verify body')
+        verify(req, res, body, encoding)
+      } catch (err) {
+        next(createError(403, err, {
+          body: body,
+          type: err.type || 'entity.verify.failed'
+        }))
+        return
+      }
+    }
+
+    // parse
+    var str = body
+    try {
+      debug('parse body')
+      str = typeof body !== 'string' && encoding !== null
+        ? iconv.decode(body, encoding)
+        : body
+      req.body = parse(str)
+    } catch (err) {
+      next(createError(400, err, {
+        body: str,
+        type: err.type || 'entity.parse.failed'
+      }))
+      return
+    }
+
+    next()
+  })
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the content stream of the request.
+ *
+ * @param {object} req
+ * @param {function} debug
+ * @param {boolean} [inflate=true]
+ * @return {object}
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function contentstream (req, debug, inflate) {
+  var encoding = (req.headers['content-encoding'] || 'identity').toLowerCase()
+  var length = req.headers['content-length']
+  var stream
+
+  debug('content-encoding "%s"', encoding)
+
+  if (inflate === false && encoding !== 'identity') {
+    throw createError(415, 'content encoding unsupported', {
+      encoding: encoding,
+      type: 'encoding.unsupported'
+    })
+  }
+
+  switch (encoding) {
+    case 'deflate':
+      stream = zlib.createInflate()
+      debug('inflate body')
+      req.pipe(stream)
+      break
+    case 'gzip':
+      stream = zlib.createGunzip()
+      debug('gunzip body')
+      req.pipe(stream)
+      break
+    case 'identity':
+      stream = req
+      stream.length = length
+      break
+    default:
+      throw createError(415, 'unsupported content encoding "' + encoding + '"', {
+        encoding: encoding,
+        type: 'encoding.unsupported'
+      })
+  }
+
+  return stream
+}
+
+/**
+ * Dump the contents of a request.
+ *
+ * @param {object} req
+ * @param {function} callback
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function dump (req, callback) {
+  if (onFinished.isFinished(req)) {
+    callback(null)
+  } else {
+    onFinished(req, callback)
+    req.resume()
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+/*!
+ * body-parser
+ * Copyright(c) 2014 Jonathan Ong
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var bytes = require('bytes')
+var contentType = require('content-type')
+var createError = require('http-errors')
+var debug = require('debug')('body-parser:json')
+var read = require('../read')
+var typeis = require('type-is')
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ */
+
+module.exports = json
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match the first non-space in a string.
+ *
+ * Allowed whitespace is defined in RFC 7159:
+ *
+ *    ws = *(
+ *            %x20 /              ; Space
+ *            %x09 /              ; Horizontal tab
+ *            %x0A /              ; Line feed or New line
+ *            %x0D )              ; Carriage return
+ */
+
+var FIRST_CHAR_REGEXP = /^[\x20\x09\x0a\x0d]*([^\x20\x09\x0a\x0d])/ // eslint-disable-line no-control-regex
+
+var JSON_SYNTAX_CHAR = '#'
+var JSON_SYNTAX_REGEXP = /#+/g
+
+/**
+ * Create a middleware to parse JSON bodies.
+ *
+ * @param {object} [options]
+ * @return {function}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function json (options) {
+  var opts = options || {}
+
+  var limit = typeof opts.limit !== 'number'
+    ? bytes.parse(opts.limit || '100kb')
+    : opts.limit
+  var inflate = opts.inflate !== false
+  var reviver = opts.reviver
+  var strict = opts.strict !== false
+  var type = opts.type || 'application/json'
+  var verify = opts.verify || false
+
+  if (verify !== false && typeof verify !== 'function') {
+    throw new TypeError('option verify must be function')
+  }
+
+  // create the appropriate type checking function
+  var shouldParse = typeof type !== 'function'
+    ? typeChecker(type)
+    : type
+
+  function parse (body) {
+    if (body.length === 0) {
+      // special-case empty json body, as it's a common client-side mistake
+      // TODO: maybe make this configurable or part of "strict" option
+      return {}
+    }
+
+    if (strict) {
+      var first = firstchar(body)
+
+      if (first !== '{' && first !== '[') {
+        debug('strict violation')
+        throw createStrictSyntaxError(body, first)
+      }
+    }
+
+    try {
+      debug('parse json')
+      return JSON.parse(body, reviver)
+    } catch (e) {
+      throw normalizeJsonSyntaxError(e, {
+        message: e.message,
+        stack: e.stack
+      })
+    }
+  }
+
+  return function jsonParser (req, res, next) {
+    if (req._body) {
+      debug('body already parsed')
+      next()
+      return
+    }
+
+    req.body = req.body || {}
+
+    // skip requests without bodies
+    if (!typeis.hasBody(req)) {
+      debug('skip empty body')
+      next()
+      return
+    }
+
+    debug('content-type %j', req.headers['content-type'])
+
+    // determine if request should be parsed
+    if (!shouldParse(req)) {
+      debug('skip parsing')
+      next()
+      return
+    }
+
+    // assert charset per RFC 7159 sec 8.1
+    var charset = getCharset(req) || 'utf-8'
+    if (charset.slice(0, 4) !== 'utf-') {
+      debug('invalid charset')
+      next(createError(415, 'unsupported charset "' + charset.toUpperCase() + '"', {
+        charset: charset,
+        type: 'charset.unsupported'
+      }))
+      return
+    }
+
+    // read
+    read(req, res, next, parse, debug, {
+      encoding: charset,
+      inflate: inflate,
+      limit: limit,
+      verify: verify
+    })
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create strict violation syntax error matching native error.
+ *
+ * @param {string} str
+ * @param {string} char
+ * @return {Error}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function createStrictSyntaxError (str, char) {
+  var index = str.indexOf(char)
+  var partial = ''
+
+  if (index !== -1) {
+    partial = str.substring(0, index) + new Array(str.length - index + 1).join(JSON_SYNTAX_CHAR)
+  }
+
+  try {
+    JSON.parse(partial); /* istanbul ignore next */ throw new SyntaxError('strict violation')
+  } catch (e) {
+    return normalizeJsonSyntaxError(e, {
+      message: e.message.replace(JSON_SYNTAX_REGEXP, function (placeholder) {
+        return str.substring(index, index + placeholder.length)
+      }),
+      stack: e.stack
+    })
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the first non-whitespace character in a string.
+ *
+ * @param {string} str
+ * @return {function}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function firstchar (str) {
+  var match = FIRST_CHAR_REGEXP.exec(str)
+
+  return match
+    ? match[1]
+    : undefined
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the charset of a request.
+ *
+ * @param {object} req
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function getCharset (req) {
+  try {
+    return (contentType.parse(req).parameters.charset || '').toLowerCase()
+  } catch (e) {
+    return undefined
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Normalize a SyntaxError for JSON.parse.
+ *
+ * @param {SyntaxError} error
+ * @param {object} obj
+ * @return {SyntaxError}
+ */
+
+function normalizeJsonSyntaxError (error, obj) {
+  var keys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(error)
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+    var key = keys[i]
+    if (key !== 'stack' && key !== 'message') {
+      delete error[key]
+    }
+  }
+
+  // replace stack before message for Node.js 0.10 and below
+  error.stack = obj.stack.replace(error.message, obj.message)
+  error.message = obj.message
+
+  return error
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the simple type checker.
+ *
+ * @param {string} type
+ * @return {function}
+ */
+
+function typeChecker (type) {
+  return function checkType (req) {
+    return Boolean(typeis(req, type))
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*!
+ * body-parser
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var bytes = require('bytes')
+var debug = require('debug')('body-parser:raw')
+var read = require('../read')
+var typeis = require('type-is')
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ */
+
+module.exports = raw
+
+/**
+ * Create a middleware to parse raw bodies.
+ *
+ * @param {object} [options]
+ * @return {function}
+ * @api public
+ */
+
+function raw (options) {
+  var opts = options || {}
+
+  var inflate = opts.inflate !== false
+  var limit = typeof opts.limit !== 'number'
+    ? bytes.parse(opts.limit || '100kb')
+    : opts.limit
+  var type = opts.type || 'application/octet-stream'
+  var verify = opts.verify || false
+
+  if (verify !== false && typeof verify !== 'function') {
+    throw new TypeError('option verify must be function')
+  }
+
+  // create the appropriate type checking function
+  var shouldParse = typeof type !== 'function'
+    ? typeChecker(type)
+    : type
+
+  function parse (buf) {
+    return buf
+  }
+
+  return function rawParser (req, res, next) {
+    if (req._body) {
+      debug('body already parsed')
+      next()
+      return
+    }
+
+    req.body = req.body || {}
+
+    // skip requests without bodies
+    if (!typeis.hasBody(req)) {
+      debug('skip empty body')
+      next()
+      return
+    }
+
+    debug('content-type %j', req.headers['content-type'])
+
+    // determine if request should be parsed
+    if (!shouldParse(req)) {
+      debug('skip parsing')
+      next()
+      return
+    }
+
+    // read
+    read(req, res, next, parse, debug, {
+      encoding: null,
+      inflate: inflate,
+      limit: limit,
+      verify: verify
+    })
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the simple type checker.
+ *
+ * @param {string} type
+ * @return {function}
+ */
+
+function typeChecker (type) {
+  return function checkType (req) {
+    return Boolean(typeis(req, type))
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*!
+ * body-parser
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var bytes = require('bytes')
+var contentType = require('content-type')
+var debug = require('debug')('body-parser:text')
+var read = require('../read')
+var typeis = require('type-is')
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ */
+
+module.exports = text
+
+/**
+ * Create a middleware to parse text bodies.
+ *
+ * @param {object} [options]
+ * @return {function}
+ * @api public
+ */
+
+function text (options) {
+  var opts = options || {}
+
+  var defaultCharset = opts.defaultCharset || 'utf-8'
+  var inflate = opts.inflate !== false
+  var limit = typeof opts.limit !== 'number'
+    ? bytes.parse(opts.limit || '100kb')
+    : opts.limit
+  var type = opts.type || 'text/plain'
+  var verify = opts.verify || false
+
+  if (verify !== false && typeof verify !== 'function') {
+    throw new TypeError('option verify must be function')
+  }
+
+  // create the appropriate type checking function
+  var shouldParse = typeof type !== 'function'
+    ? typeChecker(type)
+    : type
+
+  function parse (buf) {
+    return buf
+  }
+
+  return function textParser (req, res, next) {
+    if (req._body) {
+      debug('body already parsed')
+      next()
+      return
+    }
+
+    req.body = req.body || {}
+
+    // skip requests without bodies
+    if (!typeis.hasBody(req)) {
+      debug('skip empty body')
+      next()
+      return
+    }
+
+    debug('content-type %j', req.headers['content-type'])
+
+    // determine if request should be parsed
+    if (!shouldParse(req)) {
+      debug('skip parsing')
+      next()
+      return
+    }
+
+    // get charset
+    var charset = getCharset(req) || defaultCharset
+
+    // read
+    read(req, res, next, parse, debug, {
+      encoding: charset,
+      inflate: inflate,
+      limit: limit,
+      verify: verify
+    })
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the charset of a request.
+ *
+ * @param {object} req
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function getCharset (req) {
+  try {
+    return (contentType.parse(req).parameters.charset || '').toLowerCase()
+  } catch (e) {
+    return undefined
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the simple type checker.
+ *
+ * @param {string} type
+ * @return {function}
+ */
+
+function typeChecker (type) {
+  return function checkType (req) {
+    return Boolean(typeis(req, type))
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+/*!
+ * body-parser
+ * Copyright(c) 2014 Jonathan Ong
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var bytes = require('bytes')
+var contentType = require('content-type')
+var createError = require('http-errors')
+var debug = require('debug')('body-parser:urlencoded')
+var deprecate = require('depd')('body-parser')
+var read = require('../read')
+var typeis = require('type-is')
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ */
+
+module.exports = urlencoded
+
+/**
+ * Cache of parser modules.
+ */
+
+var parsers = Object.create(null)
+
+/**
+ * Create a middleware to parse urlencoded bodies.
+ *
+ * @param {object} [options]
+ * @return {function}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function urlencoded (options) {
+  var opts = options || {}
+
+  // notice because option default will flip in next major
+  if (opts.extended === undefined) {
+    deprecate('undefined extended: provide extended option')
+  }
+
+  var extended = opts.extended !== false
+  var inflate = opts.inflate !== false
+  var limit = typeof opts.limit !== 'number'
+    ? bytes.parse(opts.limit || '100kb')
+    : opts.limit
+  var type = opts.type || 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+  var verify = opts.verify || false
+
+  if (verify !== false && typeof verify !== 'function') {
+    throw new TypeError('option verify must be function')
+  }
+
+  // create the appropriate query parser
+  var queryparse = extended
+    ? extendedparser(opts)
+    : simpleparser(opts)
+
+  // create the appropriate type checking function
+  var shouldParse = typeof type !== 'function'
+    ? typeChecker(type)
+    : type
+
+  function parse (body) {
+    return body.length
+      ? queryparse(body)
+      : {}
+  }
+
+  return function urlencodedParser (req, res, next) {
+    if (req._body) {
+      debug('body already parsed')
+      next()
+      return
+    }
+
+    req.body = req.body || {}
+
+    // skip requests without bodies
+    if (!typeis.hasBody(req)) {
+      debug('skip empty body')
+      next()
+      return
+    }
+
+    debug('content-type %j', req.headers['content-type'])
+
+    // determine if request should be parsed
+    if (!shouldParse(req)) {
+      debug('skip parsing')
+      next()
+      return
+    }
+
+    // assert charset
+    var charset = getCharset(req) || 'utf-8'
+    if (charset !== 'utf-8') {
+      debug('invalid charset')
+      next(createError(415, 'unsupported charset "' + charset.toUpperCase() + '"', {
+        charset: charset,
+        type: 'charset.unsupported'
+      }))
+      return
+    }
+
+    // read
+    read(req, res, next, parse, debug, {
+      debug: debug,
+      encoding: charset,
+      inflate: inflate,
+      limit: limit,
+      verify: verify
+    })
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the extended query parser.
+ *
+ * @param {object} options
+ */
+
+function extendedparser (options) {
+  var parameterLimit = options.parameterLimit !== undefined
+    ? options.parameterLimit
+    : 1000
+  var depth = options.depth !== undefined ? options.depth : 32
+  var parse = parser('qs')
+
+  if (isNaN(parameterLimit) || parameterLimit < 1) {
+    throw new TypeError('option parameterLimit must be a positive number')
+  }
+
+  if (isNaN(depth) || depth < 0) {
+    throw new TypeError('option depth must be a zero or a positive number')
+  }
+
+  if (isFinite(parameterLimit)) {
+    parameterLimit = parameterLimit | 0
+  }
+
+  return function queryparse (body) {
+    var paramCount = parameterCount(body, parameterLimit)
+
+    if (paramCount === undefined) {
+      debug('too many parameters')
+      throw createError(413, 'too many parameters', {
+        type: 'parameters.too.many'
+      })
+    }
+
+    var arrayLimit = Math.max(100, paramCount)
+
+    debug('parse extended urlencoding')
+    try {
+      return parse(body, {
+        allowPrototypes: true,
+        arrayLimit: arrayLimit,
+        depth: depth,
+        strictDepth: true,
+        parameterLimit: parameterLimit
+      })
+    } catch (err) {
+      if (err instanceof RangeError) {
+        throw createError(400, 'The input exceeded the depth', {
+          type: 'querystring.parse.rangeError'
+        })
+      } else {
+        throw err
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the charset of a request.
+ *
+ * @param {object} req
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function getCharset (req) {
+  try {
+    return (contentType.parse(req).parameters.charset || '').toLowerCase()
+  } catch (e) {
+    return undefined
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Count the number of parameters, stopping once limit reached
+ *
+ * @param {string} body
+ * @param {number} limit
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function parameterCount (body, limit) {
+  var count = 0
+  var index = -1
+
+  do {
+    count++
+    if (count > limit) {
+      return undefined
+    }
+    index = body.indexOf('&', index + 1)
+  } while (index !== -1)
+
+  return count
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get parser for module name dynamically.
+ *
+ * @param {string} name
+ * @return {function}
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function parser (name) {
+  var mod = parsers[name]
+
+  if (mod !== undefined) {
+    return mod.parse
+  }
+
+  // this uses a switch for static require analysis
+  switch (name) {
+    case 'qs':
+      mod = require('qs')
+      break
+    case 'querystring':
+      mod = require('querystring')
+      break
+  }
+
+  // store to prevent invoking require()
+  parsers[name] = mod
+
+  return mod.parse
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the simple query parser.
+ *
+ * @param {object} options
+ */
+
+function simpleparser (options) {
+  var parameterLimit = options.parameterLimit !== undefined
+    ? options.parameterLimit
+    : 1000
+  var parse = parser('querystring')
+
+  if (isNaN(parameterLimit) || parameterLimit < 1) {
+    throw new TypeError('option parameterLimit must be a positive number')
+  }
+
+  if (isFinite(parameterLimit)) {
+    parameterLimit = parameterLimit | 0
+  }
+
+  return function queryparse (body) {
+    var paramCount = parameterCount(body, parameterLimit)
+
+    if (paramCount === undefined) {
+      debug('too many parameters')
+      throw createError(413, 'too many parameters', {
+        type: 'parameters.too.many'
+      })
+    }
+
+    debug('parse urlencoding')
+    return parse(body, undefined, undefined, { maxKeys: parameterLimit })
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the simple type checker.
+ *
+ * @param {string} type
+ * @return {function}
+ */
+
+function typeChecker (type) {
+  return function checkType (req) {
+    return Boolean(typeis(req, type))
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+{
+  "name": "body-parser",
+  "description": "Node.js body parsing middleware",
+  "version": "1.20.5",
+  "contributors": [
+    "Douglas Christopher Wilson <doug@somethingdoug.com>",
+    "Jonathan Ong <me@jongleberry.com> (http://jongleberry.com)"
+  ],
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "repository": "expressjs/body-parser",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "bytes": "~3.1.2",
+    "content-type": "~1.0.5",
+    "debug": "2.6.9",
+    "depd": "2.0.0",
+    "destroy": "~1.2.0",
+    "http-errors": "~2.0.1",
+    "iconv-lite": "~0.4.24",
+    "on-finished": "~2.4.1",
+    "qs": "~6.15.1",
+    "raw-body": "~2.5.3",
+    "type-is": "~1.6.18",
+    "unpipe": "~1.0.0"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "eslint": "8.34.0",
+    "eslint-config-standard": "14.1.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-import": "2.27.5",
+    "eslint-plugin-markdown": "3.0.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-node": "11.1.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-promise": "6.1.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-standard": "4.1.0",
+    "methods": "1.1.2",
+    "mocha": "10.2.0",
+    "nyc": "15.1.0",
+    "safe-buffer": "5.2.1",
+    "supertest": "6.3.3"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "lib/",
+    "LICENSE",
+    "HISTORY.md",
+    "index.js"
+  ],
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">= 0.8",
+    "npm": "1.2.8000 || >= 1.4.16"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "lint": "eslint .",
+    "test": "mocha --require test/support/env --reporter spec --check-leaks --bail test/",
+    "test-ci": "nyc --reporter=lcov --reporter=text npm test",
+    "test-cov": "nyc --reporter=html --reporter=text npm test"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+3.1.2 / 2022-01-27
+==================
+
+  * Fix return value for un-parsable strings
+
+3.1.1 / 2021-11-15
+==================
+
+  * Fix "thousandsSeparator" incorrecting formatting fractional part
+
+3.1.0 / 2019-01-22
+==================
+
+  * Add petabyte (`pb`) support
+
+3.0.0 / 2017-08-31
+==================
+
+  * Change "kB" to "KB" in format output
+  * Remove support for Node.js 0.6
+  * Remove support for ComponentJS
+
+2.5.0 / 2017-03-24
+==================
+
+  * Add option "unit"
+
+2.4.0 / 2016-06-01
+==================
+
+  * Add option "unitSeparator"
+
+2.3.0 / 2016-02-15
+==================
+
+  * Drop partial bytes on all parsed units
+  * Fix non-finite numbers to `.format` to return `null`
+  * Fix parsing byte string that looks like hex
+  * perf: hoist regular expressions
+
+2.2.0 / 2015-11-13
+==================
+
+  * add option "decimalPlaces"
+  * add option "fixedDecimals"
+
+2.1.0 / 2015-05-21
+==================
+
+  * add `.format` export
+  * add `.parse` export
+
+2.0.2 / 2015-05-20
+==================
+
+  * remove map recreation
+  * remove unnecessary object construction
+
+2.0.1 / 2015-05-07
+==================
+
+  * fix browserify require
+  * remove node.extend dependency
+
+2.0.0 / 2015-04-12
+==================
+
+  * add option "case"
+  * add option "thousandsSeparator"
+  * return "null" on invalid parse input
+  * support proper round-trip: bytes(bytes(num)) === num
+  * units no longer case sensitive when parsing
+
+1.0.0 / 2014-05-05
+==================
+
+ * add negative support. fixes #6
+
+0.3.0 / 2014-03-19
+==================
+
+ * added terabyte support
+
+0.2.1 / 2013-04-01
+==================
+
+  * add .component
+
+0.2.0 / 2012-10-28
+==================
+
+  * bytes(200).should.eql('200b')
+
+0.1.0 / 2012-07-04
+==================
+
+  * add bytes to string conversion [yields]
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2012-2014 TJ Holowaychuk <tj@vision-media.ca>
+Copyright (c) 2015 Jed Watson <jed.watson@me.com>
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+# Bytes utility
+
+[![NPM Version][npm-image]][npm-url]
+[![NPM Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
+[![Build Status][ci-image]][ci-url]
+[![Test Coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
+
+Utility to parse a string bytes (ex: `1TB`) to bytes (`1099511627776`) and vice-versa.
+
+## Installation
+
+This is a [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) module available through the
+[npm registry](https://www.npmjs.com/). Installation is done using the
+[`npm install` command](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/installing-npm-packages-locally):
+
+```bash
+$ npm install bytes
+```
+
+## Usage
+
+```js
+var bytes = require('bytes');
+```
+
+#### bytes(number｜string value, [options]): number｜string｜null
+
+Default export function. Delegates to either `bytes.format` or `bytes.parse` based on the type of `value`.
+
+**Arguments**
+
+| Name    | Type     | Description        |
+|---------|----------|--------------------|
+| value   | `number`｜`string` | Number value to format or string value to parse |
+| options | `Object` | Conversion options for `format` |
+
+**Returns**
+
+| Name    | Type             | Description                                     |
+|---------|------------------|-------------------------------------------------|
+| results | `string`｜`number`｜`null` | Return null upon error. Numeric value in bytes, or string value otherwise. |
+
+**Example**
+
+```js
+bytes(1024);
+// output: '1KB'
+
+bytes('1KB');
+// output: 1024
+```
+
+#### bytes.format(number value, [options]): string｜null
+
+Format the given value in bytes into a string. If the value is negative, it is kept as such. If it is a float, it is
+ rounded.
+
+**Arguments**
+
+| Name    | Type     | Description        |
+|---------|----------|--------------------|
+| value   | `number` | Value in bytes     |
+| options | `Object` | Conversion options |
+
+**Options**
+
+| Property          | Type   | Description                                                                             |
+|-------------------|--------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| decimalPlaces | `number`｜`null` | Maximum number of decimal places to include in output. Default value to `2`. |
+| fixedDecimals | `boolean`｜`null` | Whether to always display the maximum number of decimal places. Default value to `false` |
+| thousandsSeparator | `string`｜`null` | Example of values: `' '`, `','` and `'.'`... Default value to `''`. |
+| unit | `string`｜`null` | The unit in which the result will be returned (B/KB/MB/GB/TB). Default value to `''` (which means auto detect). |
+| unitSeparator | `string`｜`null` | Separator to use between number and unit. Default value to `''`. |
+
+**Returns**
+
+| Name    | Type             | Description                                     |
+|---------|------------------|-------------------------------------------------|
+| results | `string`｜`null` | Return null upon error. String value otherwise. |
+
+**Example**
+
+```js
+bytes.format(1024);
+// output: '1KB'
+
+bytes.format(1000);
+// output: '1000B'
+
+bytes.format(1000, {thousandsSeparator: ' '});
+// output: '1 000B'
+
+bytes.format(1024 * 1.7, {decimalPlaces: 0});
+// output: '2KB'
+
+bytes.format(1024, {unitSeparator: ' '});
+// output: '1 KB'
+```
+
+#### bytes.parse(string｜number value): number｜null
+
+Parse the string value into an integer in bytes. If no unit is given, or `value`
+is a number, it is assumed the value is in bytes.
+
+Supported units and abbreviations are as follows and are case-insensitive:
+
+  * `b` for bytes
+  * `kb` for kilobytes
+  * `mb` for megabytes
+  * `gb` for gigabytes
+  * `tb` for terabytes
+  * `pb` for petabytes
+
+The units are in powers of two, not ten. This means 1kb = 1024b according to this parser.
+
+**Arguments**
+
+| Name          | Type   | Description        |
+|---------------|--------|--------------------|
+| value   | `string`｜`number` | String to parse, or number in bytes.   |
+
+**Returns**
+
+| Name    | Type        | Description             |
+|---------|-------------|-------------------------|
+| results | `number`｜`null` | Return null upon error. Value in bytes otherwise. |
+
+**Example**
+
+```js
+bytes.parse('1KB');
+// output: 1024
+
+bytes.parse('1024');
+// output: 1024
+
+bytes.parse(1024);
+// output: 1024
+```
+
+## License
+
+[MIT](LICENSE)
+
+[ci-image]: https://badgen.net/github/checks/visionmedia/bytes.js/master?label=ci
+[ci-url]: https://github.com/visionmedia/bytes.js/actions?query=workflow%3Aci
+[coveralls-image]: https://badgen.net/coveralls/c/github/visionmedia/bytes.js/master
+[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/visionmedia/bytes.js?branch=master
+[downloads-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/dm/bytes
+[downloads-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/bytes
+[npm-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/v/bytes
+[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/bytes
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+/*!
+ * bytes
+ * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 TJ Holowaychuk
+ * Copyright(c) 2015 Jed Watson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+module.exports = bytes;
+module.exports.format = format;
+module.exports.parse = parse;
+
+/**
+ * Module variables.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var formatThousandsRegExp = /\B(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))/g;
+
+var formatDecimalsRegExp = /(?:\.0*|(\.[^0]+)0+)$/;
+
+var map = {
+  b:  1,
+  kb: 1 << 10,
+  mb: 1 << 20,
+  gb: 1 << 30,
+  tb: Math.pow(1024, 4),
+  pb: Math.pow(1024, 5),
+};
+
+var parseRegExp = /^((-|\+)?(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)) *(kb|mb|gb|tb|pb)$/i;
+
+/**
+ * Convert the given value in bytes into a string or parse to string to an integer in bytes.
+ *
+ * @param {string|number} value
+ * @param {{
+ *  case: [string],
+ *  decimalPlaces: [number]
+ *  fixedDecimals: [boolean]
+ *  thousandsSeparator: [string]
+ *  unitSeparator: [string]
+ *  }} [options] bytes options.
+ *
+ * @returns {string|number|null}
+ */
+
+function bytes(value, options) {
+  if (typeof value === 'string') {
+    return parse(value);
+  }
+
+  if (typeof value === 'number') {
+    return format(value, options);
+  }
+
+  return null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Format the given value in bytes into a string.
+ *
+ * If the value is negative, it is kept as such. If it is a float,
+ * it is rounded.
+ *
+ * @param {number} value
+ * @param {object} [options]
+ * @param {number} [options.decimalPlaces=2]
+ * @param {number} [options.fixedDecimals=false]
+ * @param {string} [options.thousandsSeparator=]
+ * @param {string} [options.unit=]
+ * @param {string} [options.unitSeparator=]
+ *
+ * @returns {string|null}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function format(value, options) {
+  if (!Number.isFinite(value)) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  var mag = Math.abs(value);
+  var thousandsSeparator = (options && options.thousandsSeparator) || '';
+  var unitSeparator = (options && options.unitSeparator) || '';
+  var decimalPlaces = (options && options.decimalPlaces !== undefined) ? options.decimalPlaces : 2;
+  var fixedDecimals = Boolean(options && options.fixedDecimals);
+  var unit = (options && options.unit) || '';
+
+  if (!unit || !map[unit.toLowerCase()]) {
+    if (mag >= map.pb) {
+      unit = 'PB';
+    } else if (mag >= map.tb) {
+      unit = 'TB';
+    } else if (mag >= map.gb) {
+      unit = 'GB';
+    } else if (mag >= map.mb) {
+      unit = 'MB';
+    } else if (mag >= map.kb) {
+      unit = 'KB';
+    } else {
+      unit = 'B';
+    }
+  }
+
+  var val = value / map[unit.toLowerCase()];
+  var str = val.toFixed(decimalPlaces);
+
+  if (!fixedDecimals) {
+    str = str.replace(formatDecimalsRegExp, '$1');
+  }
+
+  if (thousandsSeparator) {
+    str = str.split('.').map(function (s, i) {
+      return i === 0
+        ? s.replace(formatThousandsRegExp, thousandsSeparator)
+        : s
+    }).join('.');
+  }
+
+  return str + unitSeparator + unit;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parse the string value into an integer in bytes.
+ *
+ * If no unit is given, it is assumed the value is in bytes.
+ *
+ * @param {number|string} val
+ *
+ * @returns {number|null}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function parse(val) {
+  if (typeof val === 'number' && !isNaN(val)) {
+    return val;
+  }
+
+  if (typeof val !== 'string') {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  // Test if the string passed is valid
+  var results = parseRegExp.exec(val);
+  var floatValue;
+  var unit = 'b';
+
+  if (!results) {
+    // Nothing could be extracted from the given string
+    floatValue = parseInt(val, 10);
+    unit = 'b'
+  } else {
+    // Retrieve the value and the unit
+    floatValue = parseFloat(results[1]);
+    unit = results[4].toLowerCase();
+  }
+
+  if (isNaN(floatValue)) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  return Math.floor(map[unit] * floatValue);
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+{
+  "name": "bytes",
+  "description": "Utility to parse a string bytes to bytes and vice-versa",
+  "version": "3.1.2",
+  "author": "TJ Holowaychuk <tj@vision-media.ca> (http://tjholowaychuk.com)",
+  "contributors": [
+    "Jed Watson <jed.watson@me.com>",
+    "Théo FIDRY <theo.fidry@gmail.com>"
+  ],
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "keywords": [
+    "byte",
+    "bytes",
+    "utility",
+    "parse",
+    "parser",
+    "convert",
+    "converter"
+  ],
+  "repository": "visionmedia/bytes.js",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "eslint": "7.32.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-markdown": "2.2.1",
+    "mocha": "9.2.0",
+    "nyc": "15.1.0"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "History.md",
+    "LICENSE",
+    "Readme.md",
+    "index.js"
+  ],
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">= 0.8"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "lint": "eslint .",
+    "test": "mocha --check-leaks --reporter spec",
+    "test-ci": "nyc --reporter=lcov --reporter=text npm test",
+    "test-cov": "nyc --reporter=html --reporter=text npm test"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+{
+	"root": true,
+
+	"extends": "@ljharb",
+
+	"rules": {
+		"func-name-matching": 0,
+		"id-length": 0,
+		"new-cap": [2, {
+			"capIsNewExceptions": [
+				"GetIntrinsic",
+			],
+		}],
+		"no-extra-parens": 0,
+		"no-magic-numbers": 0,
+	},
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# These are supported funding model platforms
+
+github: [ljharb]
+patreon: # Replace with a single Patreon username
+open_collective: # Replace with a single Open Collective username
+ko_fi: # Replace with a single Ko-fi username
+tidelift: npm/call-bind-apply-helpers
+community_bridge: # Replace with a single Community Bridge project-name e.g., cloud-foundry
+liberapay: # Replace with a single Liberapay username
+issuehunt: # Replace with a single IssueHunt username
+otechie: # Replace with a single Otechie username
+custom: # Replace with up to 4 custom sponsorship URLs e.g., ['link1', 'link2']
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+	"all": true,
+	"check-coverage": false,
+	"reporter": ["text-summary", "text", "html", "json"],
+	"exclude": [
+		"coverage",
+		"test"
+	]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# Changelog
+
+All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
+
+The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/)
+and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
+
+## [v1.0.2](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/compare/v1.0.1...v1.0.2) - 2025-02-12
+
+### Commits
+
+- [types] improve inferred types [`e6f9586`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/commit/e6f95860a3c72879cb861a858cdfb8138fbedec1)
+- [Dev Deps] update `@arethetypeswrong/cli`, `@ljharb/tsconfig`, `@types/tape`, `es-value-fixtures`, `for-each`, `has-strict-mode`, `object-inspect` [`e43d540`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/commit/e43d5409f97543bfbb11f345d47d8ce4e066d8c1)
+
+## [v1.0.1](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/compare/v1.0.0...v1.0.1) - 2024-12-08
+
+### Commits
+
+- [types] `reflectApply`: fix types [`4efc396`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/commit/4efc3965351a4f02cc55e836fa391d3d11ef2ef8)
+- [Fix] `reflectApply`: oops, Reflect is not a function [`83cc739`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/commit/83cc7395de6b79b7730bdf092f1436f0b1263c75)
+- [Dev Deps] update `@arethetypeswrong/cli` [`80bd5d3`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/commit/80bd5d3ae58b4f6b6995ce439dd5a1bcb178a940)
+
+## v1.0.0 - 2024-12-05
+
+### Commits
+
+- Initial implementation, tests, readme [`7879629`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/commit/78796290f9b7430c9934d6f33d94ae9bc89fce04)
+- Initial commit [`3f1dc16`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/commit/3f1dc164afc43285631b114a5f9dd9137b2b952f)
+- npm init [`081df04`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/commit/081df048c312fcee400922026f6e97281200a603)
+- Only apps should have lockfiles [`5b9ca0f`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/commit/5b9ca0fe8101ebfaf309c549caac4e0a017ed930)
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2024 Jordan Harband
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# call-bind-apply-helpers <sup>[![Version Badge][npm-version-svg]][package-url]</sup>
+
+[![github actions][actions-image]][actions-url]
+[![coverage][codecov-image]][codecov-url]
+[![dependency status][deps-svg]][deps-url]
+[![dev dependency status][dev-deps-svg]][dev-deps-url]
+[![License][license-image]][license-url]
+[![Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
+
+[![npm badge][npm-badge-png]][package-url]
+
+Helper functions around Function call/apply/bind, for use in `call-bind`.
+
+The only packages that should likely ever use this package directly are `call-bind` and `get-intrinsic`.
+Please use `call-bind` unless you have a very good reason not to.
+
+## Getting started
+
+```sh
+npm install --save call-bind-apply-helpers
+```
+
+## Usage/Examples
+
+```js
+const assert = require('assert');
+const callBindBasic = require('call-bind-apply-helpers');
+
+function f(a, b) {
+	assert.equal(this, 1);
+	assert.equal(a, 2);
+	assert.equal(b, 3);
+	assert.equal(arguments.length, 2);
+}
+
+const fBound = callBindBasic([f, 1]);
+
+delete Function.prototype.call;
+delete Function.prototype.bind;
+
+fBound(2, 3);
+```
+
+## Tests
+
+Clone the repo, `npm install`, and run `npm test`
+
+[package-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/call-bind-apply-helpers
+[npm-version-svg]: https://versionbadg.es/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers.svg
+[deps-svg]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers.svg
+[deps-url]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers
+[dev-deps-svg]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/dev-status.svg
+[dev-deps-url]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers#info=devDependencies
+[npm-badge-png]: https://nodei.co/npm/call-bind-apply-helpers.png?downloads=true&stars=true
+[license-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/l/call-bind-apply-helpers.svg
+[license-url]: LICENSE
+[downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/call-bind-apply-helpers.svg
+[downloads-url]: https://npm-stat.com/charts.html?package=call-bind-apply-helpers
+[codecov-image]: https://codecov.io/gh/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/branch/main/graphs/badge.svg
+[codecov-url]: https://app.codecov.io/gh/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/
+[actions-image]: https://img.shields.io/endpoint?url=https://github-actions-badge-u3jn4tfpocch.runkit.sh/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers
+[actions-url]: https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/actions
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export = Reflect.apply;
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var bind = require('function-bind');
+
+var $apply = require('./functionApply');
+var $call = require('./functionCall');
+var $reflectApply = require('./reflectApply');
+
+/** @type {import('./actualApply')} */
+module.exports = $reflectApply || bind.call($call, $apply);
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import actualApply from './actualApply';
+
+type TupleSplitHead<T extends any[], N extends number> = T['length'] extends N
+  ? T
+  : T extends [...infer R, any]
+  ? TupleSplitHead<R, N>
+  : never
+
+type TupleSplitTail<T, N extends number, O extends any[] = []> = O['length'] extends N
+  ? T
+  : T extends [infer F, ...infer R]
+  ? TupleSplitTail<[...R], N, [...O, F]>
+  : never
+
+type TupleSplit<T extends any[], N extends number> = [TupleSplitHead<T, N>, TupleSplitTail<T, N>]
+
+declare function applyBind(...args: TupleSplit<Parameters<typeof actualApply>, 2>[1]): ReturnType<typeof actualApply>;
+
+export = applyBind;
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var bind = require('function-bind');
+var $apply = require('./functionApply');
+var actualApply = require('./actualApply');
+
+/** @type {import('./applyBind')} */
+module.exports = function applyBind() {
+	return actualApply(bind, $apply, arguments);
+};
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export = Function.prototype.apply;
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/** @type {import('./functionApply')} */
+module.exports = Function.prototype.apply;
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export = Function.prototype.call;
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/** @type {import('./functionCall')} */
+module.exports = Function.prototype.call;
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+type RemoveFromTuple<
+  Tuple extends readonly unknown[],
+  RemoveCount extends number,
+  Index extends 1[] = []
+> = Index["length"] extends RemoveCount
+  ? Tuple
+  : Tuple extends [infer First, ...infer Rest]
+  ? RemoveFromTuple<Rest, RemoveCount, [...Index, 1]>
+  : Tuple;
+
+type ConcatTuples<
+  Prefix extends readonly unknown[],
+  Suffix extends readonly unknown[]
+> = [...Prefix, ...Suffix];
+
+type ExtractFunctionParams<T> = T extends (this: infer TThis, ...args: infer P extends readonly unknown[]) => infer R
+  ? { thisArg: TThis; params: P; returnType: R }
+  : never;
+
+type BindFunction<
+  T extends (this: any, ...args: any[]) => any,
+  TThis,
+  TBoundArgs extends readonly unknown[],
+  ReceiverBound extends boolean
+> = ExtractFunctionParams<T> extends {
+  thisArg: infer OrigThis;
+  params: infer P extends readonly unknown[];
+  returnType: infer R;
+}
+  ? ReceiverBound extends true
+    ? (...args: RemoveFromTuple<P, Extract<TBoundArgs["length"], number>>) => R extends [OrigThis, ...infer Rest]
+      ? [TThis, ...Rest] // Replace `this` with `thisArg`
+      : R
+    : <U, RemainingArgs extends RemoveFromTuple<P, Extract<TBoundArgs["length"], number>>>(
+        thisArg: U,
+        ...args: RemainingArgs
+      ) => R extends [OrigThis, ...infer Rest]
+      ? [U, ...ConcatTuples<TBoundArgs, Rest>] // Preserve bound args in return type
+      : R
+  : never;
+
+declare function callBind<
+  const T extends (this: any, ...args: any[]) => any,
+  Extracted extends ExtractFunctionParams<T>,
+  const TBoundArgs extends Partial<Extracted["params"]> & readonly unknown[],
+  const TThis extends Extracted["thisArg"]
+>(
+  args: [fn: T, thisArg: TThis, ...boundArgs: TBoundArgs]
+): BindFunction<T, TThis, TBoundArgs, true>;
+
+declare function callBind<
+  const T extends (this: any, ...args: any[]) => any,
+  Extracted extends ExtractFunctionParams<T>,
+  const TBoundArgs extends Partial<Extracted["params"]> & readonly unknown[]
+>(
+  args: [fn: T, ...boundArgs: TBoundArgs]
+): BindFunction<T, Extracted["thisArg"], TBoundArgs, false>;
+
+declare function callBind<const TArgs extends readonly unknown[]>(
+  args: [fn: Exclude<TArgs[0], Function>, ...rest: TArgs]
+): never;
+
+// export as namespace callBind;
+export = callBind;
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var bind = require('function-bind');
+var $TypeError = require('es-errors/type');
+
+var $call = require('./functionCall');
+var $actualApply = require('./actualApply');
+
+/** @type {(args: [Function, thisArg?: unknown, ...args: unknown[]]) => Function} TODO FIXME, find a way to use import('.') */
+module.exports = function callBindBasic(args) {
+	if (args.length < 1 || typeof args[0] !== 'function') {
+		throw new $TypeError('a function is required');
+	}
+	return $actualApply(bind, $call, args);
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+{
+	"name": "call-bind-apply-helpers",
+	"version": "1.0.2",
+	"description": "Helper functions around Function call/apply/bind, for use in `call-bind`",
+	"main": "index.js",
+	"exports": {
+		".": "./index.js",
+		"./actualApply": "./actualApply.js",
+		"./applyBind": "./applyBind.js",
+		"./functionApply": "./functionApply.js",
+		"./functionCall": "./functionCall.js",
+		"./reflectApply": "./reflectApply.js",
+		"./package.json": "./package.json"
+	},
+	"scripts": {
+		"prepack": "npmignore --auto --commentLines=auto",
+		"prepublish": "not-in-publish || npm run prepublishOnly",
+		"prepublishOnly": "safe-publish-latest",
+		"prelint": "evalmd README.md",
+		"lint": "eslint --ext=.js,.mjs .",
+		"postlint": "tsc -p . && attw -P",
+		"pretest": "npm run lint",
+		"tests-only": "nyc tape 'test/**/*.js'",
+		"test": "npm run tests-only",
+		"posttest": "npx npm@'>=10.2' audit --production",
+		"version": "auto-changelog && git add CHANGELOG.md",
+		"postversion": "auto-changelog && git add CHANGELOG.md && git commit --no-edit --amend && git tag -f \"v$(node -e \"console.log(require('./package.json').version)\")\""
+	},
+	"repository": {
+		"type": "git",
+		"url": "git+https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers.git"
+	},
+	"author": "Jordan Harband <ljharb@gmail.com>",
+	"license": "MIT",
+	"bugs": {
+		"url": "https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers/issues"
+	},
+	"homepage": "https://github.com/ljharb/call-bind-apply-helpers#readme",
+	"dependencies": {
+		"es-errors": "^1.3.0",
+		"function-bind": "^1.1.2"
+	},
+	"devDependencies": {
+		"@arethetypeswrong/cli": "^0.17.3",
+		"@ljharb/eslint-config": "^21.1.1",
+		"@ljharb/tsconfig": "^0.2.3",
+		"@types/for-each": "^0.3.3",
+		"@types/function-bind": "^1.1.10",
+		"@types/object-inspect": "^1.13.0",
+		"@types/tape": "^5.8.1",
+		"auto-changelog": "^2.5.0",
+		"encoding": "^0.1.13",
+		"es-value-fixtures": "^1.7.1",
+		"eslint": "=8.8.0",
+		"evalmd": "^0.0.19",
+		"for-each": "^0.3.5",
+		"has-strict-mode": "^1.1.0",
+		"in-publish": "^2.0.1",
+		"npmignore": "^0.3.1",
+		"nyc": "^10.3.2",
+		"object-inspect": "^1.13.4",
+		"safe-publish-latest": "^2.0.0",
+		"tape": "^5.9.0",
+		"typescript": "next"
+	},
+	"testling": {
+		"files": "test/index.js"
+	},
+	"auto-changelog": {
+		"output": "CHANGELOG.md",
+		"template": "keepachangelog",
+		"unreleased": false,
+		"commitLimit": false,
+		"backfillLimit": false,
+		"hideCredit": true
+	},
+	"publishConfig": {
+		"ignore": [
+			".github/workflows"
+		]
+	},
+	"engines": {
+		"node": ">= 0.4"
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+declare const reflectApply: false | typeof Reflect.apply;
+
+export = reflectApply;
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/** @type {import('./reflectApply')} */
+module.exports = typeof Reflect !== 'undefined' && Reflect && Reflect.apply;
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var callBind = require('../');
+var hasStrictMode = require('has-strict-mode')();
+var forEach = require('for-each');
+var inspect = require('object-inspect');
+var v = require('es-value-fixtures');
+
+var test = require('tape');
+
+test('callBindBasic', function (t) {
+	forEach(v.nonFunctions, function (nonFunction) {
+		t['throws'](
+			// @ts-expect-error
+			function () { callBind([nonFunction]); },
+			TypeError,
+			inspect(nonFunction) + ' is not a function'
+		);
+	});
+
+	var sentinel = { sentinel: true };
+	/** @type {<T, A extends number, B extends number>(this: T, a: A, b: B) => [T | undefined, A, B]} */
+	var func = function (a, b) {
+		// eslint-disable-next-line no-invalid-this
+		return [!hasStrictMode && this === global ? undefined : this, a, b];
+	};
+	t.equal(func.length, 2, 'original function length is 2');
+
+	/** type {(thisArg: unknown, a: number, b: number) => [unknown, number, number]} */
+	var bound = callBind([func]);
+	/** type {((a: number, b: number) => [typeof sentinel, typeof a, typeof b])} */
+	var boundR = callBind([func, sentinel]);
+	/** type {((b: number) => [typeof sentinel, number, typeof b])} */
+	var boundArg = callBind([func, sentinel, /** @type {const} */ (1)]);
+
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t.deepEqual(bound(), [undefined, undefined, undefined], 'bound func with no args');
+
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t.deepEqual(func(), [undefined, undefined, undefined], 'unbound func with too few args');
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t.deepEqual(bound(1, 2), [hasStrictMode ? 1 : Object(1), 2, undefined], 'bound func too few args');
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t.deepEqual(boundR(), [sentinel, undefined, undefined], 'bound func with receiver, with too few args');
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t.deepEqual(boundArg(), [sentinel, 1, undefined], 'bound func with receiver and arg, with too few args');
+
+	t.deepEqual(func(1, 2), [undefined, 1, 2], 'unbound func with right args');
+	t.deepEqual(bound(1, 2, 3), [hasStrictMode ? 1 : Object(1), 2, 3], 'bound func with right args');
+	t.deepEqual(boundR(1, 2), [sentinel, 1, 2], 'bound func with receiver, with right args');
+	t.deepEqual(boundArg(2), [sentinel, 1, 2], 'bound func with receiver and arg, with right arg');
+
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t.deepEqual(func(1, 2, 3), [undefined, 1, 2], 'unbound func with too many args');
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t.deepEqual(bound(1, 2, 3, 4), [hasStrictMode ? 1 : Object(1), 2, 3], 'bound func with too many args');
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t.deepEqual(boundR(1, 2, 3), [sentinel, 1, 2], 'bound func with receiver, with too many args');
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t.deepEqual(boundArg(2, 3), [sentinel, 1, 2], 'bound func with receiver and arg, with too many args');
+
+	t.end();
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+	"extends": "@ljharb/tsconfig",
+	"compilerOptions": {
+		"target": "es2021",
+	},
+	"exclude": [
+		"coverage",
+	],
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{
+	"root": true,
+
+	"extends": "@ljharb",
+
+	"rules": {
+		"new-cap": [2, {
+			"capIsNewExceptions": [
+				"GetIntrinsic",
+			],
+		}],
+	},
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# These are supported funding model platforms
+
+github: [ljharb]
+patreon: # Replace with a single Patreon username
+open_collective: # Replace with a single Open Collective username
+ko_fi: # Replace with a single Ko-fi username
+tidelift: npm/call-bound
+community_bridge: # Replace with a single Community Bridge project-name e.g., cloud-foundry
+liberapay: # Replace with a single Liberapay username
+issuehunt: # Replace with a single IssueHunt username
+otechie: # Replace with a single Otechie username
+custom: # Replace with up to 4 custom sponsorship URLs e.g., ['link1', 'link2']
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+	"all": true,
+	"check-coverage": false,
+	"reporter": ["text-summary", "text", "html", "json"],
+	"exclude": [
+		"coverage",
+		"test"
+	]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# Changelog
+
+All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
+
+The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/)
+and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
+
+## [v1.0.4](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/compare/v1.0.3...v1.0.4) - 2025-03-03
+
+### Commits
+
+- [types] improve types [`e648922`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/e6489222a9e54f350fbf952ceabe51fd8b6027ff)
+- [Dev Deps] update `@arethetypeswrong/cli`, `@ljharb/tsconfig`, `@types/tape`, `es-value-fixtures`, `for-each`, `has-strict-mode`, `object-inspect` [`a42a5eb`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/a42a5ebe6c1b54fcdc7997c7dc64fdca9e936719)
+- [Deps] update `call-bind-apply-helpers`, `get-intrinsic` [`f529eac`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/f529eac132404c17156bbc23ab2297a25d0f20b8)
+
+## [v1.0.3](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/compare/v1.0.2...v1.0.3) - 2024-12-15
+
+### Commits
+
+- [Refactor] use `call-bind-apply-helpers` instead of `call-bind` [`5e0b134`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/5e0b13496df14fb7d05dae9412f088da8d3f75be)
+- [Deps] update `get-intrinsic` [`41fc967`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/41fc96732a22c7b7e8f381f93ccc54bb6293be2e)
+- [readme] fix example [`79a0137`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/79a0137723f7c6d09c9c05452bbf8d5efb5d6e49)
+- [meta] add `sideEffects` flag [`08b07be`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/08b07be7f1c03f67dc6f3cdaf0906259771859f7)
+
+## [v1.0.2](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/compare/v1.0.1...v1.0.2) - 2024-12-10
+
+### Commits
+
+- [Dev Deps] update `@arethetypeswrong/cli`, `@ljharb/tsconfig`, `gopd` [`e6a5ffe`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/e6a5ffe849368fe4f74dfd6cdeca1b9baa39e8d5)
+- [Deps] update `call-bind`, `get-intrinsic` [`2aeb5b5`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/2aeb5b521dc2b2683d1345c753ea1161de2d1c14)
+- [types] improve return type [`1a0c9fe`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/1a0c9fe3114471e7ca1f57d104e2efe713bb4871)
+
+## v1.0.1 - 2024-12-05
+
+### Commits
+
+- Initial implementation, tests, readme, types [`6d94121`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/6d94121a9243602e506334069f7a03189fe3363d)
+- Initial commit [`0eae867`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/0eae867334ea025c33e6e91cdecfc9df96680cf9)
+- npm init [`71b2479`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/71b2479c6723e0b7d91a6b663613067e98b7b275)
+- Only apps should have lockfiles [`c3754a9`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/c3754a949b7f9132b47e2d18c1729889736741eb)
+- [actions] skip `npm ls` in node &lt; 10 [`74275a5`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/74275a5186b8caf6309b6b97472bdcb0df4683a8)
+- [Dev Deps] add missing peer dep [`1354de8`](https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/commit/1354de8679413e4ae9c523d85f76fa7a5e032d97)
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2024 Jordan Harband
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# call-bound <sup>[![Version Badge][npm-version-svg]][package-url]</sup>
+
+[![github actions][actions-image]][actions-url]
+[![coverage][codecov-image]][codecov-url]
+[![dependency status][deps-svg]][deps-url]
+[![dev dependency status][dev-deps-svg]][dev-deps-url]
+[![License][license-image]][license-url]
+[![Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
+
+[![npm badge][npm-badge-png]][package-url]
+
+Robust call-bound JavaScript intrinsics, using `call-bind` and `get-intrinsic`.
+
+## Getting started
+
+```sh
+npm install --save call-bound
+```
+
+## Usage/Examples
+
+```js
+const assert = require('assert');
+const callBound = require('call-bound');
+
+const slice = callBound('Array.prototype.slice');
+
+delete Function.prototype.call;
+delete Function.prototype.bind;
+delete Array.prototype.slice;
+
+assert.deepEqual(slice([1, 2, 3, 4], 1, -1), [2, 3]);
+```
+
+## Tests
+
+Clone the repo, `npm install`, and run `npm test`
+
+[package-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/call-bound
+[npm-version-svg]: https://versionbadg.es/ljharb/call-bound.svg
+[deps-svg]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/call-bound.svg
+[deps-url]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/call-bound
+[dev-deps-svg]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/call-bound/dev-status.svg
+[dev-deps-url]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/call-bound#info=devDependencies
+[npm-badge-png]: https://nodei.co/npm/call-bound.png?downloads=true&stars=true
+[license-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/l/call-bound.svg
+[license-url]: LICENSE
+[downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/call-bound.svg
+[downloads-url]: https://npm-stat.com/charts.html?package=call-bound
+[codecov-image]: https://codecov.io/gh/ljharb/call-bound/branch/main/graphs/badge.svg
+[codecov-url]: https://app.codecov.io/gh/ljharb/call-bound/
+[actions-image]: https://img.shields.io/endpoint?url=https://github-actions-badge-u3jn4tfpocch.runkit.sh/ljharb/call-bound
+[actions-url]: https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/actions
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+type Intrinsic = typeof globalThis;
+
+type IntrinsicName = keyof Intrinsic | `%${keyof Intrinsic}%`;
+
+type IntrinsicPath = IntrinsicName | `${StripPercents<IntrinsicName>}.${string}` | `%${StripPercents<IntrinsicName>}.${string}%`;
+
+type AllowMissing = boolean;
+
+type StripPercents<T extends string> = T extends `%${infer U}%` ? U : T;
+
+type BindMethodPrecise<F> =
+  F extends (this: infer This, ...args: infer Args) => infer R
+  ? (obj: This, ...args: Args) => R
+  : F extends {
+    (this: infer This1, ...args: infer Args1): infer R1;
+    (this: infer This2, ...args: infer Args2): infer R2
+  }
+  ? {
+    (obj: This1, ...args: Args1): R1;
+    (obj: This2, ...args: Args2): R2
+  }
+  : never
+
+// Extract method type from a prototype
+type GetPrototypeMethod<T extends keyof typeof globalThis, M extends string> =
+  (typeof globalThis)[T] extends { prototype: any }
+  ? M extends keyof (typeof globalThis)[T]['prototype']
+  ? (typeof globalThis)[T]['prototype'][M]
+  : never
+  : never
+
+// Get static property/method
+type GetStaticMember<T extends keyof typeof globalThis, P extends string> =
+  P extends keyof (typeof globalThis)[T] ? (typeof globalThis)[T][P] : never
+
+// Type that maps string path to actual bound function or value with better precision
+type BoundIntrinsic<S extends string> =
+  S extends `${infer Obj}.prototype.${infer Method}`
+  ? Obj extends keyof typeof globalThis
+  ? BindMethodPrecise<GetPrototypeMethod<Obj, Method & string>>
+  : unknown
+  : S extends `${infer Obj}.${infer Prop}`
+  ? Obj extends keyof typeof globalThis
+  ? GetStaticMember<Obj, Prop & string>
+  : unknown
+  : unknown
+
+declare function arraySlice<T>(array: readonly T[], start?: number, end?: number): T[];
+declare function arraySlice<T>(array: ArrayLike<T>, start?: number, end?: number): T[];
+declare function arraySlice<T>(array: IArguments, start?: number, end?: number): T[];
+
+// Special cases for methods that need explicit typing
+interface SpecialCases {
+  '%Object.prototype.isPrototypeOf%': (thisArg: {}, obj: unknown) => boolean;
+  '%String.prototype.replace%': {
+    (str: string, searchValue: string | RegExp, replaceValue: string): string;
+    (str: string, searchValue: string | RegExp, replacer: (substring: string, ...args: any[]) => string): string
+  };
+  '%Object.prototype.toString%': (obj: {}) => string;
+  '%Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty%': (obj: {}, v: PropertyKey) => boolean;
+  '%Array.prototype.slice%': typeof arraySlice;
+  '%Array.prototype.map%': <T, U>(array: readonly T[], callbackfn: (value: T, index: number, array: readonly T[]) => U, thisArg?: any) => U[];
+  '%Array.prototype.filter%': <T>(array: readonly T[], predicate: (value: T, index: number, array: readonly T[]) => unknown, thisArg?: any) => T[];
+  '%Array.prototype.indexOf%': <T>(array: readonly T[], searchElement: T, fromIndex?: number) => number;
+  '%Function.prototype.apply%': <T, A extends any[], R>(fn: (...args: A) => R, thisArg: any, args: A) => R;
+  '%Function.prototype.call%': <T, A extends any[], R>(fn: (...args: A) => R, thisArg: any, ...args: A) => R;
+  '%Function.prototype.bind%': <T, A extends any[], R>(fn: (...args: A) => R, thisArg: any, ...args: A) => (...remainingArgs: A) => R;
+  '%Promise.prototype.then%': {
+    <T, R>(promise: Promise<T>, onfulfilled: (value: T) => R | PromiseLike<R>): Promise<R>;
+    <T, R>(promise: Promise<T>, onfulfilled: ((value: T) => R | PromiseLike<R>) | undefined | null, onrejected: (reason: any) => R | PromiseLike<R>): Promise<R>;
+  };
+  '%RegExp.prototype.test%': (regexp: RegExp, str: string) => boolean;
+  '%RegExp.prototype.exec%': (regexp: RegExp, str: string) => RegExpExecArray | null;
+  '%Error.prototype.toString%': (error: Error) => string;
+  '%TypeError.prototype.toString%': (error: TypeError) => string;
+  '%String.prototype.split%': (
+        obj: unknown,
+        splitter: string | RegExp | {
+            [Symbol.split](string: string, limit?: number): string[];
+        },
+        limit?: number | undefined
+    ) => string[];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns a bound function for a prototype method, or a value for a static property.
+ *
+ * @param name - The name of the intrinsic (e.g. 'Array.prototype.slice')
+ * @param {AllowMissing} [allowMissing] - Whether to allow missing intrinsics (default: false)
+ */
+declare function callBound<K extends keyof SpecialCases | StripPercents<keyof SpecialCases>, S extends IntrinsicPath>(name: K, allowMissing?: AllowMissing): SpecialCases[`%${StripPercents<K>}%`];
+declare function callBound<K extends keyof SpecialCases | StripPercents<keyof SpecialCases>, S extends IntrinsicPath>(name: S, allowMissing?: AllowMissing): BoundIntrinsic<S>;
+
+export = callBound;
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var GetIntrinsic = require('get-intrinsic');
+
+var callBindBasic = require('call-bind-apply-helpers');
+
+/** @type {(thisArg: string, searchString: string, position?: number) => number} */
+var $indexOf = callBindBasic([GetIntrinsic('%String.prototype.indexOf%')]);
+
+/** @type {import('.')} */
+module.exports = function callBoundIntrinsic(name, allowMissing) {
+	/* eslint no-extra-parens: 0 */
+
+	var intrinsic = /** @type {(this: unknown, ...args: unknown[]) => unknown} */ (GetIntrinsic(name, !!allowMissing));
+	if (typeof intrinsic === 'function' && $indexOf(name, '.prototype.') > -1) {
+		return callBindBasic(/** @type {const} */ ([intrinsic]));
+	}
+	return intrinsic;
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+{
+	"name": "call-bound",
+	"version": "1.0.4",
+	"description": "Robust call-bound JavaScript intrinsics, using `call-bind` and `get-intrinsic`.",
+	"main": "index.js",
+	"exports": {
+		".": "./index.js",
+		"./package.json": "./package.json"
+	},
+	"sideEffects": false,
+	"scripts": {
+		"prepack": "npmignore --auto --commentLines=auto",
+		"prepublish": "not-in-publish || npm run prepublishOnly",
+		"prepublishOnly": "safe-publish-latest",
+		"prelint": "evalmd README.md",
+		"lint": "eslint --ext=.js,.mjs .",
+		"postlint": "tsc -p . && attw -P",
+		"pretest": "npm run lint",
+		"tests-only": "nyc tape 'test/**/*.js'",
+		"test": "npm run tests-only",
+		"posttest": "npx npm@'>=10.2' audit --production",
+		"version": "auto-changelog && git add CHANGELOG.md",
+		"postversion": "auto-changelog && git add CHANGELOG.md && git commit --no-edit --amend && git tag -f \"v$(node -e \"console.log(require('./package.json').version)\")\""
+	},
+	"repository": {
+		"type": "git",
+		"url": "git+https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound.git"
+	},
+	"keywords": [
+		"javascript",
+		"ecmascript",
+		"es",
+		"js",
+		"callbind",
+		"callbound",
+		"call",
+		"bind",
+		"bound",
+		"call-bind",
+		"call-bound",
+		"function",
+		"es-abstract"
+	],
+	"author": "Jordan Harband <ljharb@gmail.com>",
+	"funding": {
+		"url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
+	},
+	"license": "MIT",
+	"bugs": {
+		"url": "https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound/issues"
+	},
+	"homepage": "https://github.com/ljharb/call-bound#readme",
+	"dependencies": {
+		"call-bind-apply-helpers": "^1.0.2",
+		"get-intrinsic": "^1.3.0"
+	},
+	"devDependencies": {
+		"@arethetypeswrong/cli": "^0.17.4",
+		"@ljharb/eslint-config": "^21.1.1",
+		"@ljharb/tsconfig": "^0.3.0",
+		"@types/call-bind": "^1.0.5",
+		"@types/get-intrinsic": "^1.2.3",
+		"@types/tape": "^5.8.1",
+		"auto-changelog": "^2.5.0",
+		"encoding": "^0.1.13",
+		"es-value-fixtures": "^1.7.1",
+		"eslint": "=8.8.0",
+		"evalmd": "^0.0.19",
+		"for-each": "^0.3.5",
+		"gopd": "^1.2.0",
+		"has-strict-mode": "^1.1.0",
+		"in-publish": "^2.0.1",
+		"npmignore": "^0.3.1",
+		"nyc": "^10.3.2",
+		"object-inspect": "^1.13.4",
+		"safe-publish-latest": "^2.0.0",
+		"tape": "^5.9.0",
+		"typescript": "next"
+	},
+	"testling": {
+		"files": "test/index.js"
+	},
+	"auto-changelog": {
+		"output": "CHANGELOG.md",
+		"template": "keepachangelog",
+		"unreleased": false,
+		"commitLimit": false,
+		"backfillLimit": false,
+		"hideCredit": true
+	},
+	"publishConfig": {
+		"ignore": [
+			".github/workflows"
+		]
+	},
+	"engines": {
+		"node": ">= 0.4"
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var test = require('tape');
+
+var callBound = require('../');
+
+/** @template {true} T @template U @typedef {T extends U ? T : never} AssertType */
+
+test('callBound', function (t) {
+	// static primitive
+	t.equal(callBound('Array.length'), Array.length, 'Array.length yields itself');
+	t.equal(callBound('%Array.length%'), Array.length, '%Array.length% yields itself');
+
+	// static non-function object
+	t.equal(callBound('Array.prototype'), Array.prototype, 'Array.prototype yields itself');
+	t.equal(callBound('%Array.prototype%'), Array.prototype, '%Array.prototype% yields itself');
+	t.equal(callBound('Array.constructor'), Array.constructor, 'Array.constructor yields itself');
+	t.equal(callBound('%Array.constructor%'), Array.constructor, '%Array.constructor% yields itself');
+
+	// static function
+	t.equal(callBound('Date.parse'), Date.parse, 'Date.parse yields itself');
+	t.equal(callBound('%Date.parse%'), Date.parse, '%Date.parse% yields itself');
+
+	// prototype primitive
+	t.equal(callBound('Error.prototype.message'), Error.prototype.message, 'Error.prototype.message yields itself');
+	t.equal(callBound('%Error.prototype.message%'), Error.prototype.message, '%Error.prototype.message% yields itself');
+
+	var x = callBound('Object.prototype.toString');
+	var y = callBound('%Object.prototype.toString%');
+
+	// prototype function
+	t.notEqual(x, Object.prototype.toString, 'Object.prototype.toString does not yield itself');
+	t.notEqual(y, Object.prototype.toString, '%Object.prototype.toString% does not yield itself');
+	t.equal(x(true), Object.prototype.toString.call(true), 'call-bound Object.prototype.toString calls into the original');
+	t.equal(y(true), Object.prototype.toString.call(true), 'call-bound %Object.prototype.toString% calls into the original');
+
+	t['throws'](
+		// @ts-expect-error
+		function () { callBound('does not exist'); },
+		SyntaxError,
+		'nonexistent intrinsic throws'
+	);
+	t['throws'](
+		// @ts-expect-error
+		function () { callBound('does not exist', true); },
+		SyntaxError,
+		'allowMissing arg still throws for unknown intrinsic'
+	);
+
+	t.test('real but absent intrinsic', { skip: typeof WeakRef !== 'undefined' }, function (st) {
+		st['throws'](
+			function () { callBound('WeakRef'); },
+			TypeError,
+			'real but absent intrinsic throws'
+		);
+		st.equal(callBound('WeakRef', true), undefined, 'allowMissing arg avoids exception');
+		st.end();
+	});
+
+	t.end();
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+	"extends": "@ljharb/tsconfig",
+	"compilerOptions": {
+		"target": "ESNext",
+		"lib": ["es2024"],
+	},
+	"exclude": [
+		"coverage",
+	],
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+0.5.4 / 2021-12-10
+==================
+
+  * deps: safe-buffer@5.2.1
+
+0.5.3 / 2018-12-17
+==================
+
+  * Use `safe-buffer` for improved Buffer API
+
+0.5.2 / 2016-12-08
+==================
+
+  * Fix `parse` to accept any linear whitespace character
+
+0.5.1 / 2016-01-17
+==================
+
+  * perf: enable strict mode
+
+0.5.0 / 2014-10-11
+==================
+
+  * Add `parse` function
+
+0.4.0 / 2014-09-21
+==================
+
+  * Expand non-Unicode `filename` to the full ISO-8859-1 charset
+
+0.3.0 / 2014-09-20
+==================
+
+  * Add `fallback` option
+  * Add `type` option
+
+0.2.0 / 2014-09-19
+==================
+
+  * Reduce ambiguity of file names with hex escape in buggy browsers
+
+0.1.2 / 2014-09-19
+==================
+
+  * Fix periodic invalid Unicode filename header
+
+0.1.1 / 2014-09-19
+==================
+
+  * Fix invalid characters appearing in `filename*` parameter
+
+0.1.0 / 2014-09-18
+==================
+
+  * Make the `filename` argument optional
+
+0.0.0 / 2014-09-18
+==================
+
+  * Initial release
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2014-2017 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+# content-disposition
+
+[![NPM Version][npm-image]][npm-url]
+[![NPM Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
+[![Node.js Version][node-version-image]][node-version-url]
+[![Build Status][github-actions-ci-image]][github-actions-ci-url]
+[![Test Coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
+
+Create and parse HTTP `Content-Disposition` header
+
+## Installation
+
+```sh
+$ npm install content-disposition
+```
+
+## API
+
+```js
+var contentDisposition = require('content-disposition')
+```
+
+### contentDisposition(filename, options)
+
+Create an attachment `Content-Disposition` header value using the given file name,
+if supplied. The `filename` is optional and if no file name is desired, but you
+want to specify `options`, set `filename` to `undefined`.
+
+```js
+res.setHeader('Content-Disposition', contentDisposition('∫ maths.pdf'))
+```
+
+**note** HTTP headers are of the ISO-8859-1 character set. If you are writing this
+header through a means different from `setHeader` in Node.js, you'll want to specify
+the `'binary'` encoding in Node.js.
+
+#### Options
+
+`contentDisposition` accepts these properties in the options object.
+
+##### fallback
+
+If the `filename` option is outside ISO-8859-1, then the file name is actually
+stored in a supplemental field for clients that support Unicode file names and
+a ISO-8859-1 version of the file name is automatically generated.
+
+This specifies the ISO-8859-1 file name to override the automatic generation or
+disables the generation all together, defaults to `true`.
+
+  - A string will specify the ISO-8859-1 file name to use in place of automatic
+    generation.
+  - `false` will disable including a ISO-8859-1 file name and only include the
+    Unicode version (unless the file name is already ISO-8859-1).
+  - `true` will enable automatic generation if the file name is outside ISO-8859-1.
+
+If the `filename` option is ISO-8859-1 and this option is specified and has a
+different value, then the `filename` option is encoded in the extended field
+and this set as the fallback field, even though they are both ISO-8859-1.
+
+##### type
+
+Specifies the disposition type, defaults to `"attachment"`. This can also be
+`"inline"`, or any other value (all values except inline are treated like
+`attachment`, but can convey additional information if both parties agree to
+it). The type is normalized to lower-case.
+
+### contentDisposition.parse(string)
+
+```js
+var disposition = contentDisposition.parse('attachment; filename="EURO rates.txt"; filename*=UTF-8\'\'%e2%82%ac%20rates.txt')
+```
+
+Parse a `Content-Disposition` header string. This automatically handles extended
+("Unicode") parameters by decoding them and providing them under the standard
+parameter name. This will return an object with the following properties (examples
+are shown for the string `'attachment; filename="EURO rates.txt"; filename*=UTF-8\'\'%e2%82%ac%20rates.txt'`):
+
+ - `type`: The disposition type (always lower case). Example: `'attachment'`
+
+ - `parameters`: An object of the parameters in the disposition (name of parameter
+   always lower case and extended versions replace non-extended versions). Example:
+   `{filename: "€ rates.txt"}`
+
+## Examples
+
+### Send a file for download
+
+```js
+var contentDisposition = require('content-disposition')
+var destroy = require('destroy')
+var fs = require('fs')
+var http = require('http')
+var onFinished = require('on-finished')
+
+var filePath = '/path/to/public/plans.pdf'
+
+http.createServer(function onRequest (req, res) {
+  // set headers
+  res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/pdf')
+  res.setHeader('Content-Disposition', contentDisposition(filePath))
+
+  // send file
+  var stream = fs.createReadStream(filePath)
+  stream.pipe(res)
+  onFinished(res, function () {
+    destroy(stream)
+  })
+})
+```
+
+## Testing
+
+```sh
+$ npm test
+```
+
+## References
+
+- [RFC 2616: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1][rfc-2616]
+- [RFC 5987: Character Set and Language Encoding for Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Header Field Parameters][rfc-5987]
+- [RFC 6266: Use of the Content-Disposition Header Field in the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)][rfc-6266]
+- [Test Cases for HTTP Content-Disposition header field (RFC 6266) and the Encodings defined in RFCs 2047, 2231 and 5987][tc-2231]
+
+[rfc-2616]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2616
+[rfc-5987]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5987
+[rfc-6266]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6266
+[tc-2231]: http://greenbytes.de/tech/tc2231/
+
+## License
+
+[MIT](LICENSE)
+
+[npm-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/content-disposition.svg
+[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/content-disposition
+[node-version-image]: https://img.shields.io/node/v/content-disposition.svg
+[node-version-url]: https://nodejs.org/en/download
+[coveralls-image]: https://img.shields.io/coveralls/jshttp/content-disposition.svg
+[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/jshttp/content-disposition?branch=master
+[downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/content-disposition.svg
+[downloads-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/content-disposition
+[github-actions-ci-image]: https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/jshttp/content-disposition/ci/master?label=ci
+[github-actions-ci-url]: https://github.com/jshttp/content-disposition?query=workflow%3Aci
@@ -0,0 +1,458 @@
+/*!
+ * content-disposition
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2017 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+module.exports = contentDisposition
+module.exports.parse = parse
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var basename = require('path').basename
+var Buffer = require('safe-buffer').Buffer
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match non attr-char, *after* encodeURIComponent (i.e. not including "%")
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var ENCODE_URL_ATTR_CHAR_REGEXP = /[\x00-\x20"'()*,/:;<=>?@[\\\]{}\x7f]/g // eslint-disable-line no-control-regex
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match percent encoding escape.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var HEX_ESCAPE_REGEXP = /%[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}/
+var HEX_ESCAPE_REPLACE_REGEXP = /%([0-9A-Fa-f]{2})/g
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match non-latin1 characters.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var NON_LATIN1_REGEXP = /[^\x20-\x7e\xa0-\xff]/g
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match quoted-pair in RFC 2616
+ *
+ * quoted-pair = "\" CHAR
+ * CHAR        = <any US-ASCII character (octets 0 - 127)>
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var QESC_REGEXP = /\\([\u0000-\u007f])/g // eslint-disable-line no-control-regex
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match chars that must be quoted-pair in RFC 2616
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var QUOTE_REGEXP = /([\\"])/g
+
+/**
+ * RegExp for various RFC 2616 grammar
+ *
+ * parameter     = token "=" ( token | quoted-string )
+ * token         = 1*<any CHAR except CTLs or separators>
+ * separators    = "(" | ")" | "<" | ">" | "@"
+ *               | "," | ";" | ":" | "\" | <">
+ *               | "/" | "[" | "]" | "?" | "="
+ *               | "{" | "}" | SP | HT
+ * quoted-string = ( <"> *(qdtext | quoted-pair ) <"> )
+ * qdtext        = <any TEXT except <">>
+ * quoted-pair   = "\" CHAR
+ * CHAR          = <any US-ASCII character (octets 0 - 127)>
+ * TEXT          = <any OCTET except CTLs, but including LWS>
+ * LWS           = [CRLF] 1*( SP | HT )
+ * CRLF          = CR LF
+ * CR            = <US-ASCII CR, carriage return (13)>
+ * LF            = <US-ASCII LF, linefeed (10)>
+ * SP            = <US-ASCII SP, space (32)>
+ * HT            = <US-ASCII HT, horizontal-tab (9)>
+ * CTL           = <any US-ASCII control character (octets 0 - 31) and DEL (127)>
+ * OCTET         = <any 8-bit sequence of data>
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var PARAM_REGEXP = /;[\x09\x20]*([!#$%&'*+.0-9A-Z^_`a-z|~-]+)[\x09\x20]*=[\x09\x20]*("(?:[\x20!\x23-\x5b\x5d-\x7e\x80-\xff]|\\[\x20-\x7e])*"|[!#$%&'*+.0-9A-Z^_`a-z|~-]+)[\x09\x20]*/g // eslint-disable-line no-control-regex
+var TEXT_REGEXP = /^[\x20-\x7e\x80-\xff]+$/
+var TOKEN_REGEXP = /^[!#$%&'*+.0-9A-Z^_`a-z|~-]+$/
+
+/**
+ * RegExp for various RFC 5987 grammar
+ *
+ * ext-value     = charset  "'" [ language ] "'" value-chars
+ * charset       = "UTF-8" / "ISO-8859-1" / mime-charset
+ * mime-charset  = 1*mime-charsetc
+ * mime-charsetc = ALPHA / DIGIT
+ *               / "!" / "#" / "$" / "%" / "&"
+ *               / "+" / "-" / "^" / "_" / "`"
+ *               / "{" / "}" / "~"
+ * language      = ( 2*3ALPHA [ extlang ] )
+ *               / 4ALPHA
+ *               / 5*8ALPHA
+ * extlang       = *3( "-" 3ALPHA )
+ * value-chars   = *( pct-encoded / attr-char )
+ * pct-encoded   = "%" HEXDIG HEXDIG
+ * attr-char     = ALPHA / DIGIT
+ *               / "!" / "#" / "$" / "&" / "+" / "-" / "."
+ *               / "^" / "_" / "`" / "|" / "~"
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var EXT_VALUE_REGEXP = /^([A-Za-z0-9!#$%&+\-^_`{}~]+)'(?:[A-Za-z]{2,3}(?:-[A-Za-z]{3}){0,3}|[A-Za-z]{4,8}|)'((?:%[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}|[A-Za-z0-9!#$&+.^_`|~-])+)$/
+
+/**
+ * RegExp for various RFC 6266 grammar
+ *
+ * disposition-type = "inline" | "attachment" | disp-ext-type
+ * disp-ext-type    = token
+ * disposition-parm = filename-parm | disp-ext-parm
+ * filename-parm    = "filename" "=" value
+ *                  | "filename*" "=" ext-value
+ * disp-ext-parm    = token "=" value
+ *                  | ext-token "=" ext-value
+ * ext-token        = <the characters in token, followed by "*">
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var DISPOSITION_TYPE_REGEXP = /^([!#$%&'*+.0-9A-Z^_`a-z|~-]+)[\x09\x20]*(?:$|;)/ // eslint-disable-line no-control-regex
+
+/**
+ * Create an attachment Content-Disposition header.
+ *
+ * @param {string} [filename]
+ * @param {object} [options]
+ * @param {string} [options.type=attachment]
+ * @param {string|boolean} [options.fallback=true]
+ * @return {string}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function contentDisposition (filename, options) {
+  var opts = options || {}
+
+  // get type
+  var type = opts.type || 'attachment'
+
+  // get parameters
+  var params = createparams(filename, opts.fallback)
+
+  // format into string
+  return format(new ContentDisposition(type, params))
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create parameters object from filename and fallback.
+ *
+ * @param {string} [filename]
+ * @param {string|boolean} [fallback=true]
+ * @return {object}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function createparams (filename, fallback) {
+  if (filename === undefined) {
+    return
+  }
+
+  var params = {}
+
+  if (typeof filename !== 'string') {
+    throw new TypeError('filename must be a string')
+  }
+
+  // fallback defaults to true
+  if (fallback === undefined) {
+    fallback = true
+  }
+
+  if (typeof fallback !== 'string' && typeof fallback !== 'boolean') {
+    throw new TypeError('fallback must be a string or boolean')
+  }
+
+  if (typeof fallback === 'string' && NON_LATIN1_REGEXP.test(fallback)) {
+    throw new TypeError('fallback must be ISO-8859-1 string')
+  }
+
+  // restrict to file base name
+  var name = basename(filename)
+
+  // determine if name is suitable for quoted string
+  var isQuotedString = TEXT_REGEXP.test(name)
+
+  // generate fallback name
+  var fallbackName = typeof fallback !== 'string'
+    ? fallback && getlatin1(name)
+    : basename(fallback)
+  var hasFallback = typeof fallbackName === 'string' && fallbackName !== name
+
+  // set extended filename parameter
+  if (hasFallback || !isQuotedString || HEX_ESCAPE_REGEXP.test(name)) {
+    params['filename*'] = name
+  }
+
+  // set filename parameter
+  if (isQuotedString || hasFallback) {
+    params.filename = hasFallback
+      ? fallbackName
+      : name
+  }
+
+  return params
+}
+
+/**
+ * Format object to Content-Disposition header.
+ *
+ * @param {object} obj
+ * @param {string} obj.type
+ * @param {object} [obj.parameters]
+ * @return {string}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function format (obj) {
+  var parameters = obj.parameters
+  var type = obj.type
+
+  if (!type || typeof type !== 'string' || !TOKEN_REGEXP.test(type)) {
+    throw new TypeError('invalid type')
+  }
+
+  // start with normalized type
+  var string = String(type).toLowerCase()
+
+  // append parameters
+  if (parameters && typeof parameters === 'object') {
+    var param
+    var params = Object.keys(parameters).sort()
+
+    for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
+      param = params[i]
+
+      var val = param.substr(-1) === '*'
+        ? ustring(parameters[param])
+        : qstring(parameters[param])
+
+      string += '; ' + param + '=' + val
+    }
+  }
+
+  return string
+}
+
+/**
+ * Decode a RFC 5987 field value (gracefully).
+ *
+ * @param {string} str
+ * @return {string}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function decodefield (str) {
+  var match = EXT_VALUE_REGEXP.exec(str)
+
+  if (!match) {
+    throw new TypeError('invalid extended field value')
+  }
+
+  var charset = match[1].toLowerCase()
+  var encoded = match[2]
+  var value
+
+  // to binary string
+  var binary = encoded.replace(HEX_ESCAPE_REPLACE_REGEXP, pdecode)
+
+  switch (charset) {
+    case 'iso-8859-1':
+      value = getlatin1(binary)
+      break
+    case 'utf-8':
+      value = Buffer.from(binary, 'binary').toString('utf8')
+      break
+    default:
+      throw new TypeError('unsupported charset in extended field')
+  }
+
+  return value
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get ISO-8859-1 version of string.
+ *
+ * @param {string} val
+ * @return {string}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function getlatin1 (val) {
+  // simple Unicode -> ISO-8859-1 transformation
+  return String(val).replace(NON_LATIN1_REGEXP, '?')
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parse Content-Disposition header string.
+ *
+ * @param {string} string
+ * @return {object}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function parse (string) {
+  if (!string || typeof string !== 'string') {
+    throw new TypeError('argument string is required')
+  }
+
+  var match = DISPOSITION_TYPE_REGEXP.exec(string)
+
+  if (!match) {
+    throw new TypeError('invalid type format')
+  }
+
+  // normalize type
+  var index = match[0].length
+  var type = match[1].toLowerCase()
+
+  var key
+  var names = []
+  var params = {}
+  var value
+
+  // calculate index to start at
+  index = PARAM_REGEXP.lastIndex = match[0].substr(-1) === ';'
+    ? index - 1
+    : index
+
+  // match parameters
+  while ((match = PARAM_REGEXP.exec(string))) {
+    if (match.index !== index) {
+      throw new TypeError('invalid parameter format')
+    }
+
+    index += match[0].length
+    key = match[1].toLowerCase()
+    value = match[2]
+
+    if (names.indexOf(key) !== -1) {
+      throw new TypeError('invalid duplicate parameter')
+    }
+
+    names.push(key)
+
+    if (key.indexOf('*') + 1 === key.length) {
+      // decode extended value
+      key = key.slice(0, -1)
+      value = decodefield(value)
+
+      // overwrite existing value
+      params[key] = value
+      continue
+    }
+
+    if (typeof params[key] === 'string') {
+      continue
+    }
+
+    if (value[0] === '"') {
+      // remove quotes and escapes
+      value = value
+        .substr(1, value.length - 2)
+        .replace(QESC_REGEXP, '$1')
+    }
+
+    params[key] = value
+  }
+
+  if (index !== -1 && index !== string.length) {
+    throw new TypeError('invalid parameter format')
+  }
+
+  return new ContentDisposition(type, params)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Percent decode a single character.
+ *
+ * @param {string} str
+ * @param {string} hex
+ * @return {string}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function pdecode (str, hex) {
+  return String.fromCharCode(parseInt(hex, 16))
+}
+
+/**
+ * Percent encode a single character.
+ *
+ * @param {string} char
+ * @return {string}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function pencode (char) {
+  return '%' + String(char)
+    .charCodeAt(0)
+    .toString(16)
+    .toUpperCase()
+}
+
+/**
+ * Quote a string for HTTP.
+ *
+ * @param {string} val
+ * @return {string}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function qstring (val) {
+  var str = String(val)
+
+  return '"' + str.replace(QUOTE_REGEXP, '\\$1') + '"'
+}
+
+/**
+ * Encode a Unicode string for HTTP (RFC 5987).
+ *
+ * @param {string} val
+ * @return {string}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function ustring (val) {
+  var str = String(val)
+
+  // percent encode as UTF-8
+  var encoded = encodeURIComponent(str)
+    .replace(ENCODE_URL_ATTR_CHAR_REGEXP, pencode)
+
+  return 'UTF-8\'\'' + encoded
+}
+
+/**
+ * Class for parsed Content-Disposition header for v8 optimization
+ *
+ * @public
+ * @param {string} type
+ * @param {object} parameters
+ * @constructor
+ */
+
+function ContentDisposition (type, parameters) {
+  this.type = type
+  this.parameters = parameters
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+{
+  "name": "content-disposition",
+  "description": "Create and parse Content-Disposition header",
+  "version": "0.5.4",
+  "author": "Douglas Christopher Wilson <doug@somethingdoug.com>",
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "keywords": [
+    "content-disposition",
+    "http",
+    "rfc6266",
+    "res"
+  ],
+  "repository": "jshttp/content-disposition",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "safe-buffer": "5.2.1"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "deep-equal": "1.0.1",
+    "eslint": "7.32.0",
+    "eslint-config-standard": "13.0.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-import": "2.25.3",
+    "eslint-plugin-markdown": "2.2.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-node": "11.1.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-promise": "5.2.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-standard": "4.1.0",
+    "istanbul": "0.4.5",
+    "mocha": "9.1.3"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "LICENSE",
+    "HISTORY.md",
+    "README.md",
+    "index.js"
+  ],
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">= 0.6"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "lint": "eslint .",
+    "test": "mocha --reporter spec --bail --check-leaks test/",
+    "test-ci": "istanbul cover node_modules/mocha/bin/_mocha --report lcovonly -- --reporter spec --check-leaks test/",
+    "test-cov": "istanbul cover node_modules/mocha/bin/_mocha -- --reporter dot --check-leaks test/"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+1.0.5 / 2023-01-29
+==================
+
+  * perf: skip value escaping when unnecessary
+
+1.0.4 / 2017-09-11
+==================
+
+  * perf: skip parameter parsing when no parameters
+
+1.0.3 / 2017-09-10
+==================
+
+  * perf: remove argument reassignment
+
+1.0.2 / 2016-05-09
+==================
+
+  * perf: enable strict mode
+
+1.0.1 / 2015-02-13
+==================
+
+  * Improve missing `Content-Type` header error message
+
+1.0.0 / 2015-02-01
+==================
+
+  * Initial implementation, derived from `media-typer@0.3.0`
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+# content-type
+
+[![NPM Version][npm-version-image]][npm-url]
+[![NPM Downloads][npm-downloads-image]][npm-url]
+[![Node.js Version][node-image]][node-url]
+[![Build Status][ci-image]][ci-url]
+[![Coverage Status][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
+
+Create and parse HTTP Content-Type header according to RFC 7231
+
+## Installation
+
+```sh
+$ npm install content-type
+```
+
+## API
+
+```js
+var contentType = require('content-type')
+```
+
+### contentType.parse(string)
+
+```js
+var obj = contentType.parse('image/svg+xml; charset=utf-8')
+```
+
+Parse a `Content-Type` header. This will return an object with the following
+properties (examples are shown for the string `'image/svg+xml; charset=utf-8'`):
+
+ - `type`: The media type (the type and subtype, always lower case).
+   Example: `'image/svg+xml'`
+
+ - `parameters`: An object of the parameters in the media type (name of parameter
+   always lower case). Example: `{charset: 'utf-8'}`
+
+Throws a `TypeError` if the string is missing or invalid.
+
+### contentType.parse(req)
+
+```js
+var obj = contentType.parse(req)
+```
+
+Parse the `Content-Type` header from the given `req`. Short-cut for
+`contentType.parse(req.headers['content-type'])`.
+
+Throws a `TypeError` if the `Content-Type` header is missing or invalid.
+
+### contentType.parse(res)
+
+```js
+var obj = contentType.parse(res)
+```
+
+Parse the `Content-Type` header set on the given `res`. Short-cut for
+`contentType.parse(res.getHeader('content-type'))`.
+
+Throws a `TypeError` if the `Content-Type` header is missing or invalid.
+
+### contentType.format(obj)
+
+```js
+var str = contentType.format({
+  type: 'image/svg+xml',
+  parameters: { charset: 'utf-8' }
+})
+```
+
+Format an object into a `Content-Type` header. This will return a string of the
+content type for the given object with the following properties (examples are
+shown that produce the string `'image/svg+xml; charset=utf-8'`):
+
+ - `type`: The media type (will be lower-cased). Example: `'image/svg+xml'`
+
+ - `parameters`: An object of the parameters in the media type (name of the
+   parameter will be lower-cased). Example: `{charset: 'utf-8'}`
+
+Throws a `TypeError` if the object contains an invalid type or parameter names.
+
+## License
+
+[MIT](LICENSE)
+
+[ci-image]: https://badgen.net/github/checks/jshttp/content-type/master?label=ci
+[ci-url]: https://github.com/jshttp/content-type/actions/workflows/ci.yml
+[coveralls-image]: https://badgen.net/coveralls/c/github/jshttp/content-type/master
+[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/jshttp/content-type?branch=master
+[node-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/node/content-type
+[node-url]: https://nodejs.org/en/download
+[npm-downloads-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/dm/content-type
+[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/content-type
+[npm-version-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/v/content-type
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+/*!
+ * content-type
+ * Copyright(c) 2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match *( ";" parameter ) in RFC 7231 sec 3.1.1.1
+ *
+ * parameter     = token "=" ( token / quoted-string )
+ * token         = 1*tchar
+ * tchar         = "!" / "#" / "$" / "%" / "&" / "'" / "*"
+ *               / "+" / "-" / "." / "^" / "_" / "`" / "|" / "~"
+ *               / DIGIT / ALPHA
+ *               ; any VCHAR, except delimiters
+ * quoted-string = DQUOTE *( qdtext / quoted-pair ) DQUOTE
+ * qdtext        = HTAB / SP / %x21 / %x23-5B / %x5D-7E / obs-text
+ * obs-text      = %x80-FF
+ * quoted-pair   = "\" ( HTAB / SP / VCHAR / obs-text )
+ */
+var PARAM_REGEXP = /; *([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+) *= *("(?:[\u000b\u0020\u0021\u0023-\u005b\u005d-\u007e\u0080-\u00ff]|\\[\u000b\u0020-\u00ff])*"|[!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+) */g // eslint-disable-line no-control-regex
+var TEXT_REGEXP = /^[\u000b\u0020-\u007e\u0080-\u00ff]+$/ // eslint-disable-line no-control-regex
+var TOKEN_REGEXP = /^[!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+$/
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match quoted-pair in RFC 7230 sec 3.2.6
+ *
+ * quoted-pair = "\" ( HTAB / SP / VCHAR / obs-text )
+ * obs-text    = %x80-FF
+ */
+var QESC_REGEXP = /\\([\u000b\u0020-\u00ff])/g // eslint-disable-line no-control-regex
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match chars that must be quoted-pair in RFC 7230 sec 3.2.6
+ */
+var QUOTE_REGEXP = /([\\"])/g
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match type in RFC 7231 sec 3.1.1.1
+ *
+ * media-type = type "/" subtype
+ * type       = token
+ * subtype    = token
+ */
+var TYPE_REGEXP = /^[!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+\/[!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+$/
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+exports.format = format
+exports.parse = parse
+
+/**
+ * Format object to media type.
+ *
+ * @param {object} obj
+ * @return {string}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function format (obj) {
+  if (!obj || typeof obj !== 'object') {
+    throw new TypeError('argument obj is required')
+  }
+
+  var parameters = obj.parameters
+  var type = obj.type
+
+  if (!type || !TYPE_REGEXP.test(type)) {
+    throw new TypeError('invalid type')
+  }
+
+  var string = type
+
+  // append parameters
+  if (parameters && typeof parameters === 'object') {
+    var param
+    var params = Object.keys(parameters).sort()
+
+    for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
+      param = params[i]
+
+      if (!TOKEN_REGEXP.test(param)) {
+        throw new TypeError('invalid parameter name')
+      }
+
+      string += '; ' + param + '=' + qstring(parameters[param])
+    }
+  }
+
+  return string
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parse media type to object.
+ *
+ * @param {string|object} string
+ * @return {Object}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function parse (string) {
+  if (!string) {
+    throw new TypeError('argument string is required')
+  }
+
+  // support req/res-like objects as argument
+  var header = typeof string === 'object'
+    ? getcontenttype(string)
+    : string
+
+  if (typeof header !== 'string') {
+    throw new TypeError('argument string is required to be a string')
+  }
+
+  var index = header.indexOf(';')
+  var type = index !== -1
+    ? header.slice(0, index).trim()
+    : header.trim()
+
+  if (!TYPE_REGEXP.test(type)) {
+    throw new TypeError('invalid media type')
+  }
+
+  var obj = new ContentType(type.toLowerCase())
+
+  // parse parameters
+  if (index !== -1) {
+    var key
+    var match
+    var value
+
+    PARAM_REGEXP.lastIndex = index
+
+    while ((match = PARAM_REGEXP.exec(header))) {
+      if (match.index !== index) {
+        throw new TypeError('invalid parameter format')
+      }
+
+      index += match[0].length
+      key = match[1].toLowerCase()
+      value = match[2]
+
+      if (value.charCodeAt(0) === 0x22 /* " */) {
+        // remove quotes
+        value = value.slice(1, -1)
+
+        // remove escapes
+        if (value.indexOf('\\') !== -1) {
+          value = value.replace(QESC_REGEXP, '$1')
+        }
+      }
+
+      obj.parameters[key] = value
+    }
+
+    if (index !== header.length) {
+      throw new TypeError('invalid parameter format')
+    }
+  }
+
+  return obj
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get content-type from req/res objects.
+ *
+ * @param {object}
+ * @return {Object}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function getcontenttype (obj) {
+  var header
+
+  if (typeof obj.getHeader === 'function') {
+    // res-like
+    header = obj.getHeader('content-type')
+  } else if (typeof obj.headers === 'object') {
+    // req-like
+    header = obj.headers && obj.headers['content-type']
+  }
+
+  if (typeof header !== 'string') {
+    throw new TypeError('content-type header is missing from object')
+  }
+
+  return header
+}
+
+/**
+ * Quote a string if necessary.
+ *
+ * @param {string} val
+ * @return {string}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function qstring (val) {
+  var str = String(val)
+
+  // no need to quote tokens
+  if (TOKEN_REGEXP.test(str)) {
+    return str
+  }
+
+  if (str.length > 0 && !TEXT_REGEXP.test(str)) {
+    throw new TypeError('invalid parameter value')
+  }
+
+  return '"' + str.replace(QUOTE_REGEXP, '\\$1') + '"'
+}
+
+/**
+ * Class to represent a content type.
+ * @private
+ */
+function ContentType (type) {
+  this.parameters = Object.create(null)
+  this.type = type
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+{
+  "name": "content-type",
+  "description": "Create and parse HTTP Content-Type header",
+  "version": "1.0.5",
+  "author": "Douglas Christopher Wilson <doug@somethingdoug.com>",
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "keywords": [
+    "content-type",
+    "http",
+    "req",
+    "res",
+    "rfc7231"
+  ],
+  "repository": "jshttp/content-type",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "deep-equal": "1.0.1",
+    "eslint": "8.32.0",
+    "eslint-config-standard": "15.0.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-import": "2.27.5",
+    "eslint-plugin-node": "11.1.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-promise": "6.1.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-standard": "4.1.0",
+    "mocha": "10.2.0",
+    "nyc": "15.1.0"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "LICENSE",
+    "HISTORY.md",
+    "README.md",
+    "index.js"
+  ],
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">= 0.6"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "lint": "eslint .",
+    "test": "mocha --reporter spec --check-leaks --bail test/",
+    "test-ci": "nyc --reporter=lcovonly --reporter=text npm test",
+    "test-cov": "nyc --reporter=html --reporter=text npm test",
+    "version": "node scripts/version-history.js && git add HISTORY.md"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+1.0.7 / 2023-04-12
+==================
+
+* backport the buffer support from the 1.2.x release branch (thanks @FadhiliNjagi!)
+
+1.0.6 / 2015-02-03
+==================
+
+* use `npm test` instead of `make test` to run tests
+* clearer assertion messages when checking input
+
+1.0.5 / 2014-09-05
+==================
+
+* add license to package.json
+
+1.0.4 / 2014-06-25
+==================
+
+ * corrected avoidance of timing attacks (thanks @tenbits!)
+
+1.0.3 / 2014-01-28
+==================
+
+ * [incorrect] fix for timing attacks
+
+1.0.2 / 2014-01-28
+==================
+
+ * fix missing repository warning
+ * fix typo in test
+
+1.0.1 / 2013-04-15
+==================
+
+  * Revert "Changed underlying HMAC algo. to sha512."
+  * Revert "Fix for timing attacks on MAC verification."
+
+0.0.1 / 2010-01-03
+==================
+
+  * Initial release
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+
+# cookie-signature
+
+  Sign and unsign cookies.
+
+## Example
+
+```js
+var cookie = require('cookie-signature');
+
+var val = cookie.sign('hello', 'tobiiscool');
+val.should.equal('hello.DGDUkGlIkCzPz+C0B064FNgHdEjox7ch8tOBGslZ5QI');
+
+var val = cookie.sign('hello', 'tobiiscool');
+cookie.unsign(val, 'tobiiscool').should.equal('hello');
+cookie.unsign(val, 'luna').should.be.false;
+```
+
+## License 
+
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2012 LearnBoost &lt;tj@learnboost.com&gt;
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var crypto = require('crypto');
+
+/**
+ * Sign the given `val` with `secret`.
+ *
+ * @param {String} val
+ * @param {String|NodeJS.ArrayBufferView|crypto.KeyObject} secret
+ * @return {String}
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+exports.sign = function(val, secret){
+  if ('string' !== typeof val) throw new TypeError("Cookie value must be provided as a string.");
+  if (null == secret) throw new TypeError("Secret key must be provided.");
+  return val + '.' + crypto
+    .createHmac('sha256', secret)
+    .update(val)
+    .digest('base64')
+    .replace(/\=+$/, '');
+};
+
+/**
+ * Unsign and decode the given `val` with `secret`,
+ * returning `false` if the signature is invalid.
+ *
+ * @param {String} val
+ * @param {String|NodeJS.ArrayBufferView|crypto.KeyObject} secret
+ * @return {String|Boolean}
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+exports.unsign = function(val, secret){
+  if ('string' !== typeof val) throw new TypeError("Signed cookie string must be provided.");
+  if (null == secret) throw new TypeError("Secret key must be provided.");
+  var str = val.slice(0, val.lastIndexOf('.'))
+    , mac = exports.sign(str, secret);
+  
+  return sha1(mac) == sha1(val) ? str : false;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Private
+ */
+
+function sha1(str){
+  return crypto.createHash('sha1').update(str).digest('hex');
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "name": "cookie-signature",
+  "version": "1.0.7",
+  "description": "Sign and unsign cookies",
+  "keywords": ["cookie", "sign", "unsign"],
+  "author": "TJ Holowaychuk <tj@learnboost.com>",
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "repository": { "type": "git", "url": "https://github.com/visionmedia/node-cookie-signature.git"},
+  "dependencies": {},
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "mocha": "*",
+    "should": "*"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "test": "mocha --require should --reporter spec"
+  },
+  "main": "index"
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2012-2014 Roman Shtylman <shtylman@gmail.com>
+Copyright (c) 2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson <doug@somethingdoug.com>
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
@@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+# cookie
+
+[![NPM Version][npm-version-image]][npm-url]
+[![NPM Downloads][npm-downloads-image]][npm-url]
+[![Node.js Version][node-image]][node-url]
+[![Build Status][ci-image]][ci-url]
+[![Coverage Status][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
+
+Basic HTTP cookie parser and serializer for HTTP servers.
+
+## Installation
+
+This is a [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) module available through the
+[npm registry](https://www.npmjs.com/). Installation is done using the
+[`npm install` command](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/installing-npm-packages-locally):
+
+```sh
+$ npm install cookie
+```
+
+## API
+
+```js
+var cookie = require('cookie');
+```
+
+### cookie.parse(str, options)
+
+Parse an HTTP `Cookie` header string and returning an object of all cookie name-value pairs.
+The `str` argument is the string representing a `Cookie` header value and `options` is an
+optional object containing additional parsing options.
+
+```js
+var cookies = cookie.parse('foo=bar; equation=E%3Dmc%5E2');
+// { foo: 'bar', equation: 'E=mc^2' }
+```
+
+#### Options
+
+`cookie.parse` accepts these properties in the options object.
+
+##### decode
+
+Specifies a function that will be used to decode a cookie's value. Since the value of a cookie
+has a limited character set (and must be a simple string), this function can be used to decode
+a previously-encoded cookie value into a JavaScript string or other object.
+
+The default function is the global `decodeURIComponent`, which will decode any URL-encoded
+sequences into their byte representations.
+
+**note** if an error is thrown from this function, the original, non-decoded cookie value will
+be returned as the cookie's value.
+
+### cookie.serialize(name, value, options)
+
+Serialize a cookie name-value pair into a `Set-Cookie` header string. The `name` argument is the
+name for the cookie, the `value` argument is the value to set the cookie to, and the `options`
+argument is an optional object containing additional serialization options.
+
+```js
+var setCookie = cookie.serialize('foo', 'bar');
+// foo=bar
+```
+
+#### Options
+
+`cookie.serialize` accepts these properties in the options object.
+
+##### domain
+
+Specifies the value for the [`Domain` `Set-Cookie` attribute][rfc-6265-5.2.3]. By default, no
+domain is set, and most clients will consider the cookie to apply to only the current domain.
+
+##### encode
+
+Specifies a function that will be used to encode a cookie's value. Since value of a cookie
+has a limited character set (and must be a simple string), this function can be used to encode
+a value into a string suited for a cookie's value.
+
+The default function is the global `encodeURIComponent`, which will encode a JavaScript string
+into UTF-8 byte sequences and then URL-encode any that fall outside of the cookie range.
+
+##### expires
+
+Specifies the `Date` object to be the value for the [`Expires` `Set-Cookie` attribute][rfc-6265-5.2.1].
+By default, no expiration is set, and most clients will consider this a "non-persistent cookie" and
+will delete it on a condition like exiting a web browser application.
+
+**note** the [cookie storage model specification][rfc-6265-5.3] states that if both `expires` and
+`maxAge` are set, then `maxAge` takes precedence, but it is possible not all clients by obey this,
+so if both are set, they should point to the same date and time.
+
+##### httpOnly
+
+Specifies the `boolean` value for the [`HttpOnly` `Set-Cookie` attribute][rfc-6265-5.2.6]. When truthy,
+the `HttpOnly` attribute is set, otherwise it is not. By default, the `HttpOnly` attribute is not set.
+
+**note** be careful when setting this to `true`, as compliant clients will not allow client-side
+JavaScript to see the cookie in `document.cookie`.
+
+##### maxAge
+
+Specifies the `number` (in seconds) to be the value for the [`Max-Age` `Set-Cookie` attribute][rfc-6265-5.2.2].
+The given number will be converted to an integer by rounding down. By default, no maximum age is set.
+
+**note** the [cookie storage model specification][rfc-6265-5.3] states that if both `expires` and
+`maxAge` are set, then `maxAge` takes precedence, but it is possible not all clients by obey this,
+so if both are set, they should point to the same date and time.
+
+##### partitioned
+
+Specifies the `boolean` value for the [`Partitioned` `Set-Cookie`](rfc-cutler-httpbis-partitioned-cookies)
+attribute. When truthy, the `Partitioned` attribute is set, otherwise it is not. By default, the
+`Partitioned` attribute is not set.
+
+**note** This is an attribute that has not yet been fully standardized, and may change in the future.
+This also means many clients may ignore this attribute until they understand it.
+
+More information about can be found in [the proposal](https://github.com/privacycg/CHIPS).
+
+##### path
+
+Specifies the value for the [`Path` `Set-Cookie` attribute][rfc-6265-5.2.4]. By default, the path
+is considered the ["default path"][rfc-6265-5.1.4].
+
+##### priority
+
+Specifies the `string` to be the value for the [`Priority` `Set-Cookie` attribute][rfc-west-cookie-priority-00-4.1].
+
+  - `'low'` will set the `Priority` attribute to `Low`.
+  - `'medium'` will set the `Priority` attribute to `Medium`, the default priority when not set.
+  - `'high'` will set the `Priority` attribute to `High`.
+
+More information about the different priority levels can be found in
+[the specification][rfc-west-cookie-priority-00-4.1].
+
+**note** This is an attribute that has not yet been fully standardized, and may change in the future.
+This also means many clients may ignore this attribute until they understand it.
+
+##### sameSite
+
+Specifies the `boolean` or `string` to be the value for the [`SameSite` `Set-Cookie` attribute][rfc-6265bis-09-5.4.7].
+
+  - `true` will set the `SameSite` attribute to `Strict` for strict same site enforcement.
+  - `false` will not set the `SameSite` attribute.
+  - `'lax'` will set the `SameSite` attribute to `Lax` for lax same site enforcement.
+  - `'none'` will set the `SameSite` attribute to `None` for an explicit cross-site cookie.
+  - `'strict'` will set the `SameSite` attribute to `Strict` for strict same site enforcement.
+
+More information about the different enforcement levels can be found in
+[the specification][rfc-6265bis-09-5.4.7].
+
+**note** This is an attribute that has not yet been fully standardized, and may change in the future.
+This also means many clients may ignore this attribute until they understand it.
+
+##### secure
+
+Specifies the `boolean` value for the [`Secure` `Set-Cookie` attribute][rfc-6265-5.2.5]. When truthy,
+the `Secure` attribute is set, otherwise it is not. By default, the `Secure` attribute is not set.
+
+**note** be careful when setting this to `true`, as compliant clients will not send the cookie back to
+the server in the future if the browser does not have an HTTPS connection.
+
+## Example
+
+The following example uses this module in conjunction with the Node.js core HTTP server
+to prompt a user for their name and display it back on future visits.
+
+```js
+var cookie = require('cookie');
+var escapeHtml = require('escape-html');
+var http = require('http');
+var url = require('url');
+
+function onRequest(req, res) {
+  // Parse the query string
+  var query = url.parse(req.url, true, true).query;
+
+  if (query && query.name) {
+    // Set a new cookie with the name
+    res.setHeader('Set-Cookie', cookie.serialize('name', String(query.name), {
+      httpOnly: true,
+      maxAge: 60 * 60 * 24 * 7 // 1 week
+    }));
+
+    // Redirect back after setting cookie
+    res.statusCode = 302;
+    res.setHeader('Location', req.headers.referer || '/');
+    res.end();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Parse the cookies on the request
+  var cookies = cookie.parse(req.headers.cookie || '');
+
+  // Get the visitor name set in the cookie
+  var name = cookies.name;
+
+  res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/html; charset=UTF-8');
+
+  if (name) {
+    res.write('<p>Welcome back, <b>' + escapeHtml(name) + '</b>!</p>');
+  } else {
+    res.write('<p>Hello, new visitor!</p>');
+  }
+
+  res.write('<form method="GET">');
+  res.write('<input placeholder="enter your name" name="name"> <input type="submit" value="Set Name">');
+  res.end('</form>');
+}
+
+http.createServer(onRequest).listen(3000);
+```
+
+## Testing
+
+```sh
+$ npm test
+```
+
+## Benchmark
+
+```
+$ npm run bench
+
+> cookie@0.5.0 bench
+> node benchmark/index.js
+
+  node@18.18.2
+  acorn@8.10.0
+  ada@2.6.0
+  ares@1.19.1
+  brotli@1.0.9
+  cldr@43.1
+  icu@73.2
+  llhttp@6.0.11
+  modules@108
+  napi@9
+  nghttp2@1.57.0
+  nghttp3@0.7.0
+  ngtcp2@0.8.1
+  openssl@3.0.10+quic
+  simdutf@3.2.14
+  tz@2023c
+  undici@5.26.3
+  unicode@15.0
+  uv@1.44.2
+  uvwasi@0.0.18
+  v8@10.2.154.26-node.26
+  zlib@1.2.13.1-motley
+
+> node benchmark/parse-top.js
+
+  cookie.parse - top sites
+
+  14 tests completed.
+
+  parse accounts.google.com x 2,588,913 ops/sec ±0.74% (186 runs sampled)
+  parse apple.com           x 2,370,002 ops/sec ±0.69% (186 runs sampled)
+  parse cloudflare.com      x 2,213,102 ops/sec ±0.88% (188 runs sampled)
+  parse docs.google.com     x 2,194,157 ops/sec ±1.03% (184 runs sampled)
+  parse drive.google.com    x 2,265,084 ops/sec ±0.79% (187 runs sampled)
+  parse en.wikipedia.org    x   457,099 ops/sec ±0.81% (186 runs sampled)
+  parse linkedin.com        x   504,407 ops/sec ±0.89% (186 runs sampled)
+  parse maps.google.com     x 1,230,959 ops/sec ±0.98% (186 runs sampled)
+  parse microsoft.com       x   926,294 ops/sec ±0.88% (184 runs sampled)
+  parse play.google.com     x 2,311,338 ops/sec ±0.83% (185 runs sampled)
+  parse support.google.com  x 1,508,850 ops/sec ±0.86% (186 runs sampled)
+  parse www.google.com      x 1,022,582 ops/sec ±1.32% (182 runs sampled)
+  parse youtu.be            x   332,136 ops/sec ±1.02% (185 runs sampled)
+  parse youtube.com         x   323,833 ops/sec ±0.77% (183 runs sampled)
+
+> node benchmark/parse.js
+
+  cookie.parse - generic
+
+  6 tests completed.
+
+  simple      x 3,214,032 ops/sec ±1.61% (183 runs sampled)
+  decode      x   587,237 ops/sec ±1.16% (187 runs sampled)
+  unquote     x 2,954,618 ops/sec ±1.35% (183 runs sampled)
+  duplicates  x   857,008 ops/sec ±0.89% (187 runs sampled)
+  10 cookies  x   292,133 ops/sec ±0.89% (187 runs sampled)
+  100 cookies x    22,610 ops/sec ±0.68% (187 runs sampled)
+```
+
+## References
+
+- [RFC 6265: HTTP State Management Mechanism][rfc-6265]
+- [Same-site Cookies][rfc-6265bis-09-5.4.7]
+
+[rfc-cutler-httpbis-partitioned-cookies]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-cutler-httpbis-partitioned-cookies/
+[rfc-west-cookie-priority-00-4.1]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-west-cookie-priority-00#section-4.1
+[rfc-6265bis-09-5.4.7]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-rfc6265bis-09#section-5.4.7
+[rfc-6265]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6265
+[rfc-6265-5.1.4]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6265#section-5.1.4
+[rfc-6265-5.2.1]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6265#section-5.2.1
+[rfc-6265-5.2.2]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6265#section-5.2.2
+[rfc-6265-5.2.3]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6265#section-5.2.3
+[rfc-6265-5.2.4]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6265#section-5.2.4
+[rfc-6265-5.2.5]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6265#section-5.2.5
+[rfc-6265-5.2.6]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6265#section-5.2.6
+[rfc-6265-5.3]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6265#section-5.3
+
+## License
+
+[MIT](LICENSE)
+
+[ci-image]: https://badgen.net/github/checks/jshttp/cookie/master?label=ci
+[ci-url]: https://github.com/jshttp/cookie/actions/workflows/ci.yml
+[coveralls-image]: https://badgen.net/coveralls/c/github/jshttp/cookie/master
+[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/jshttp/cookie?branch=master
+[node-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/node/cookie
+[node-url]: https://nodejs.org/en/download
+[npm-downloads-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/dm/cookie
+[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/cookie
+[npm-version-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/v/cookie
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Security Policies and Procedures
+
+## Reporting a Bug
+
+The `cookie` team and community take all security bugs seriously. Thank
+you for improving the security of the project. We appreciate your efforts and
+responsible disclosure and will make every effort to acknowledge your
+contributions.
+
+Report security bugs by emailing the current owner(s) of `cookie`. This
+information can be found in the npm registry using the command
+`npm owner ls cookie`.
+If unsure or unable to get the information from the above, open an issue
+in the [project issue tracker](https://github.com/jshttp/cookie/issues)
+asking for the current contact information.
+
+To ensure the timely response to your report, please ensure that the entirety
+of the report is contained within the email body and not solely behind a web
+link or an attachment.
+
+At least one owner will acknowledge your email within 48 hours, and will send a
+more detailed response within 48 hours indicating the next steps in handling
+your report. After the initial reply to your report, the owners will
+endeavor to keep you informed of the progress towards a fix and full
+announcement, and may ask for additional information or guidance.
@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+/*!
+ * cookie
+ * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Roman Shtylman
+ * Copyright(c) 2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+exports.parse = parse;
+exports.serialize = serialize;
+
+/**
+ * Module variables.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var __toString = Object.prototype.toString
+var __hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match cookie-name in RFC 6265 sec 4.1.1
+ * This refers out to the obsoleted definition of token in RFC 2616 sec 2.2
+ * which has been replaced by the token definition in RFC 7230 appendix B.
+ *
+ * cookie-name       = token
+ * token             = 1*tchar
+ * tchar             = "!" / "#" / "$" / "%" / "&" / "'" /
+ *                     "*" / "+" / "-" / "." / "^" / "_" /
+ *                     "`" / "|" / "~" / DIGIT / ALPHA
+ */
+
+var cookieNameRegExp = /^[!#$%&'*+\-.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z]+$/;
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match cookie-value in RFC 6265 sec 4.1.1
+ *
+ * cookie-value      = *cookie-octet / ( DQUOTE *cookie-octet DQUOTE )
+ * cookie-octet      = %x21 / %x23-2B / %x2D-3A / %x3C-5B / %x5D-7E
+ *                     ; US-ASCII characters excluding CTLs,
+ *                     ; whitespace DQUOTE, comma, semicolon,
+ *                     ; and backslash
+ */
+
+var cookieValueRegExp = /^("?)[\u0021\u0023-\u002B\u002D-\u003A\u003C-\u005B\u005D-\u007E]*\1$/;
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match domain-value in RFC 6265 sec 4.1.1
+ *
+ * domain-value      = <subdomain>
+ *                     ; defined in [RFC1034], Section 3.5, as
+ *                     ; enhanced by [RFC1123], Section 2.1
+ * <subdomain>       = <label> | <subdomain> "." <label>
+ * <label>           = <let-dig> [ [ <ldh-str> ] <let-dig> ]
+ *                     Labels must be 63 characters or less.
+ *                     'let-dig' not 'letter' in the first char, per RFC1123
+ * <ldh-str>         = <let-dig-hyp> | <let-dig-hyp> <ldh-str>
+ * <let-dig-hyp>     = <let-dig> | "-"
+ * <let-dig>         = <letter> | <digit>
+ * <letter>          = any one of the 52 alphabetic characters A through Z in
+ *                     upper case and a through z in lower case
+ * <digit>           = any one of the ten digits 0 through 9
+ *
+ * Keep support for leading dot: https://github.com/jshttp/cookie/issues/173
+ *
+ * > (Note that a leading %x2E ("."), if present, is ignored even though that
+ * character is not permitted, but a trailing %x2E ("."), if present, will
+ * cause the user agent to ignore the attribute.)
+ */
+
+var domainValueRegExp = /^([.]?[a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-]{0,61}[a-z0-9])?)([.][a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-]{0,61}[a-z0-9])?)*$/i;
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match path-value in RFC 6265 sec 4.1.1
+ *
+ * path-value        = <any CHAR except CTLs or ";">
+ * CHAR              = %x01-7F
+ *                     ; defined in RFC 5234 appendix B.1
+ */
+
+var pathValueRegExp = /^[\u0020-\u003A\u003D-\u007E]*$/;
+
+/**
+ * Parse a cookie header.
+ *
+ * Parse the given cookie header string into an object
+ * The object has the various cookies as keys(names) => values
+ *
+ * @param {string} str
+ * @param {object} [opt]
+ * @return {object}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function parse(str, opt) {
+  if (typeof str !== 'string') {
+    throw new TypeError('argument str must be a string');
+  }
+
+  var obj = {};
+  var len = str.length;
+  // RFC 6265 sec 4.1.1, RFC 2616 2.2 defines a cookie name consists of one char minimum, plus '='.
+  if (len < 2) return obj;
+
+  var dec = (opt && opt.decode) || decode;
+  var index = 0;
+  var eqIdx = 0;
+  var endIdx = 0;
+
+  do {
+    eqIdx = str.indexOf('=', index);
+    if (eqIdx === -1) break; // No more cookie pairs.
+
+    endIdx = str.indexOf(';', index);
+
+    if (endIdx === -1) {
+      endIdx = len;
+    } else if (eqIdx > endIdx) {
+      // backtrack on prior semicolon
+      index = str.lastIndexOf(';', eqIdx - 1) + 1;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    var keyStartIdx = startIndex(str, index, eqIdx);
+    var keyEndIdx = endIndex(str, eqIdx, keyStartIdx);
+    var key = str.slice(keyStartIdx, keyEndIdx);
+
+    // only assign once
+    if (!__hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) {
+      var valStartIdx = startIndex(str, eqIdx + 1, endIdx);
+      var valEndIdx = endIndex(str, endIdx, valStartIdx);
+
+      if (str.charCodeAt(valStartIdx) === 0x22 /* " */ && str.charCodeAt(valEndIdx - 1) === 0x22 /* " */) {
+        valStartIdx++;
+        valEndIdx--;
+      }
+
+      var val = str.slice(valStartIdx, valEndIdx);
+      obj[key] = tryDecode(val, dec);
+    }
+
+    index = endIdx + 1
+  } while (index < len);
+
+  return obj;
+}
+
+function startIndex(str, index, max) {
+  do {
+    var code = str.charCodeAt(index);
+    if (code !== 0x20 /*   */ && code !== 0x09 /* \t */) return index;
+  } while (++index < max);
+  return max;
+}
+
+function endIndex(str, index, min) {
+  while (index > min) {
+    var code = str.charCodeAt(--index);
+    if (code !== 0x20 /*   */ && code !== 0x09 /* \t */) return index + 1;
+  }
+  return min;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Serialize data into a cookie header.
+ *
+ * Serialize a name value pair into a cookie string suitable for
+ * http headers. An optional options object specifies cookie parameters.
+ *
+ * serialize('foo', 'bar', { httpOnly: true })
+ *   => "foo=bar; httpOnly"
+ *
+ * @param {string} name
+ * @param {string} val
+ * @param {object} [opt]
+ * @return {string}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function serialize(name, val, opt) {
+  var enc = (opt && opt.encode) || encodeURIComponent;
+
+  if (typeof enc !== 'function') {
+    throw new TypeError('option encode is invalid');
+  }
+
+  if (!cookieNameRegExp.test(name)) {
+    throw new TypeError('argument name is invalid');
+  }
+
+  var value = enc(val);
+
+  if (!cookieValueRegExp.test(value)) {
+    throw new TypeError('argument val is invalid');
+  }
+
+  var str = name + '=' + value;
+  if (!opt) return str;
+
+  if (null != opt.maxAge) {
+    var maxAge = Math.floor(opt.maxAge);
+
+    if (!isFinite(maxAge)) {
+      throw new TypeError('option maxAge is invalid')
+    }
+
+    str += '; Max-Age=' + maxAge;
+  }
+
+  if (opt.domain) {
+    if (!domainValueRegExp.test(opt.domain)) {
+      throw new TypeError('option domain is invalid');
+    }
+
+    str += '; Domain=' + opt.domain;
+  }
+
+  if (opt.path) {
+    if (!pathValueRegExp.test(opt.path)) {
+      throw new TypeError('option path is invalid');
+    }
+
+    str += '; Path=' + opt.path;
+  }
+
+  if (opt.expires) {
+    var expires = opt.expires
+
+    if (!isDate(expires) || isNaN(expires.valueOf())) {
+      throw new TypeError('option expires is invalid');
+    }
+
+    str += '; Expires=' + expires.toUTCString()
+  }
+
+  if (opt.httpOnly) {
+    str += '; HttpOnly';
+  }
+
+  if (opt.secure) {
+    str += '; Secure';
+  }
+
+  if (opt.partitioned) {
+    str += '; Partitioned'
+  }
+
+  if (opt.priority) {
+    var priority = typeof opt.priority === 'string'
+      ? opt.priority.toLowerCase() : opt.priority;
+
+    switch (priority) {
+      case 'low':
+        str += '; Priority=Low'
+        break
+      case 'medium':
+        str += '; Priority=Medium'
+        break
+      case 'high':
+        str += '; Priority=High'
+        break
+      default:
+        throw new TypeError('option priority is invalid')
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (opt.sameSite) {
+    var sameSite = typeof opt.sameSite === 'string'
+      ? opt.sameSite.toLowerCase() : opt.sameSite;
+
+    switch (sameSite) {
+      case true:
+        str += '; SameSite=Strict';
+        break;
+      case 'lax':
+        str += '; SameSite=Lax';
+        break;
+      case 'strict':
+        str += '; SameSite=Strict';
+        break;
+      case 'none':
+        str += '; SameSite=None';
+        break;
+      default:
+        throw new TypeError('option sameSite is invalid');
+    }
+  }
+
+  return str;
+}
+
+/**
+ * URL-decode string value. Optimized to skip native call when no %.
+ *
+ * @param {string} str
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+
+function decode (str) {
+  return str.indexOf('%') !== -1
+    ? decodeURIComponent(str)
+    : str
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine if value is a Date.
+ *
+ * @param {*} val
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function isDate (val) {
+  return __toString.call(val) === '[object Date]';
+}
+
+/**
+ * Try decoding a string using a decoding function.
+ *
+ * @param {string} str
+ * @param {function} decode
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function tryDecode(str, decode) {
+  try {
+    return decode(str);
+  } catch (e) {
+    return str;
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+{
+  "name": "cookie",
+  "description": "HTTP server cookie parsing and serialization",
+  "version": "0.7.2",
+  "author": "Roman Shtylman <shtylman@gmail.com>",
+  "contributors": [
+    "Douglas Christopher Wilson <doug@somethingdoug.com>"
+  ],
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "keywords": [
+    "cookie",
+    "cookies"
+  ],
+  "repository": "jshttp/cookie",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "beautify-benchmark": "0.2.4",
+    "benchmark": "2.1.4",
+    "eslint": "8.53.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-markdown": "3.0.1",
+    "mocha": "10.2.0",
+    "nyc": "15.1.0",
+    "safe-buffer": "5.2.1",
+    "top-sites": "1.1.194"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "HISTORY.md",
+    "LICENSE",
+    "README.md",
+    "SECURITY.md",
+    "index.js"
+  ],
+  "main": "index.js",
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">= 0.6"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "bench": "node benchmark/index.js",
+    "lint": "eslint .",
+    "test": "mocha --reporter spec --bail --check-leaks test/",
+    "test-ci": "nyc --reporter=lcov --reporter=text npm test",
+    "test-cov": "nyc --reporter=html --reporter=text npm test",
+    "update-bench": "node scripts/update-benchmark.js"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2013 Troy Goode <troygoode@gmail.com>
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+# cors
+
+[![NPM Version][npm-image]][npm-url]
+[![NPM Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
+[![Build Status][github-actions-ci-image]][github-actions-ci-url]
+[![Test Coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
+
+CORS is a [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) middleware for [Express](https://expressjs.com/)/[Connect](https://github.com/senchalabs/connect) that sets [CORS](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Guides/CORS) response headers. These headers tell browsers which origins can read responses from your server.
+
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> **How CORS Works:** This package sets response headers—it doesn't block requests. CORS is enforced by browsers: they check the headers and decide if JavaScript can read the response. Non-browser clients (curl, Postman, other servers) ignore CORS entirely. See the [MDN CORS guide](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Guides/CORS) for details.
+
+* [Installation](#installation)
+* [Usage](#usage)
+  * [Simple Usage](#simple-usage-enable-all-cors-requests)
+  * [Enable CORS for a Single Route](#enable-cors-for-a-single-route)
+  * [Configuring CORS](#configuring-cors)
+  * [Configuring CORS w/ Dynamic Origin](#configuring-cors-w-dynamic-origin)
+  * [Enabling CORS Pre-Flight](#enabling-cors-pre-flight)
+  * [Customizing CORS Settings Dynamically per Request](#customizing-cors-settings-dynamically-per-request)
+* [Configuration Options](#configuration-options)
+* [Common Misconceptions](#common-misconceptions)
+* [License](#license)
+* [Original Author](#original-author)
+
+## Installation
+
+This is a [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) module available through the
+[npm registry](https://www.npmjs.com/). Installation is done using the
+[`npm install` command](https://docs.npmjs.com/downloading-and-installing-packages-locally):
+
+```sh
+$ npm install cors
+```
+
+## Usage
+
+### Simple Usage (Enable *All* CORS Requests)
+
+```javascript
+var express = require('express')
+var cors = require('cors')
+var app = express()
+
+// Adds headers: Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
+app.use(cors())
+
+app.get('/products/:id', function (req, res, next) {
+  res.json({msg: 'Hello'})
+})
+
+app.listen(80, function () {
+  console.log('web server listening on port 80')
+})
+```
+
+### Enable CORS for a Single Route
+
+```javascript
+var express = require('express')
+var cors = require('cors')
+var app = express()
+
+// Adds headers: Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
+app.get('/products/:id', cors(), function (req, res, next) {
+  res.json({msg: 'Hello'})
+})
+
+app.listen(80, function () {
+  console.log('web server listening on port 80')
+})
+```
+
+### Configuring CORS
+
+See the [configuration options](#configuration-options) for details.
+
+```javascript
+var express = require('express')
+var cors = require('cors')
+var app = express()
+
+var corsOptions = {
+  origin: 'http://example.com',
+  optionsSuccessStatus: 200 // some legacy browsers (IE11, various SmartTVs) choke on 204
+}
+
+// Adds headers: Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://example.com, Vary: Origin
+app.get('/products/:id', cors(corsOptions), function (req, res, next) {
+  res.json({msg: 'Hello'})
+})
+
+app.listen(80, function () {
+  console.log('web server listening on port 80')
+})
+```
+
+### Configuring CORS w/ Dynamic Origin
+
+This module supports validating the origin dynamically using a function provided
+to the `origin` option. This function will be passed a string that is the origin
+(or `undefined` if the request has no origin), and a `callback` with the signature
+`callback(error, origin)`.
+
+The `origin` argument to the callback can be any value allowed for the `origin`
+option of the middleware, except a function. See the
+[configuration options](#configuration-options) section for more information on all
+the possible value types.
+
+This function is designed to allow the dynamic loading of allowed origin(s) from
+a backing datasource, like a database.
+
+```javascript
+var express = require('express')
+var cors = require('cors')
+var app = express()
+
+var corsOptions = {
+  origin: function (origin, callback) {
+    // db.loadOrigins is an example call to load
+    // a list of origins from a backing database
+    db.loadOrigins(function (error, origins) {
+      callback(error, origins)
+    })
+  }
+}
+
+// Adds headers: Access-Control-Allow-Origin: <matched origin>, Vary: Origin
+app.get('/products/:id', cors(corsOptions), function (req, res, next) {
+  res.json({msg: 'Hello'})
+})
+
+app.listen(80, function () {
+  console.log('web server listening on port 80')
+})
+```
+
+### Enabling CORS Pre-Flight
+
+Certain CORS requests are considered 'complex' and require an initial
+`OPTIONS` request (called the "pre-flight request"). An example of a
+'complex' CORS request is one that uses an HTTP verb other than
+GET/HEAD/POST (such as DELETE) or that uses custom headers. To enable
+pre-flighting, you must add a new OPTIONS handler for the route you want
+to support:
+
+```javascript
+var express = require('express')
+var cors = require('cors')
+var app = express()
+
+app.options('/products/:id', cors()) // preflight for DELETE
+app.del('/products/:id', cors(), function (req, res, next) {
+  res.json({msg: 'Hello'})
+})
+
+app.listen(80, function () {
+  console.log('web server listening on port 80')
+})
+```
+
+You can also enable pre-flight across-the-board like so:
+
+```javascript
+app.options('*', cors()) // include before other routes
+```
+
+NOTE: When using this middleware as an application level middleware (for
+example, `app.use(cors())`), pre-flight requests are already handled for all
+routes.
+
+### Customizing CORS Settings Dynamically per Request
+
+For APIs that require different CORS configurations for specific routes or requests, you can dynamically generate CORS options based on the incoming request. The `cors` middleware allows you to achieve this by passing a function instead of static options. This function is called for each incoming request and must use the callback pattern to return the appropriate CORS options.
+
+The function accepts:
+1. **`req`**: 
+   - The incoming request object.
+
+2. **`callback(error, corsOptions)`**: 
+   - A function used to return the computed CORS options.
+   - **Arguments**:
+     - **`error`**: Pass `null` if there’s no error, or an error object to indicate a failure.
+     - **`corsOptions`**: An object specifying the CORS policy for the current request.
+
+Here’s an example that handles both public routes and restricted, credential-sensitive routes:
+
+```javascript
+var dynamicCorsOptions = function(req, callback) {
+  var corsOptions;
+  if (req.path.startsWith('/auth/connect/')) {
+    // Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://mydomain.com, Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true, Vary: Origin
+    corsOptions = {
+      origin: 'http://mydomain.com',
+      credentials: true
+    };
+  } else {
+    // Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
+    corsOptions = { origin: '*' };
+  }
+  callback(null, corsOptions);
+};
+
+app.use(cors(dynamicCorsOptions));
+
+app.get('/auth/connect/twitter', function (req, res) {
+  res.send('Hello');
+});
+
+app.get('/public', function (req, res) {
+  res.send('Hello');
+});
+
+app.listen(80, function () {
+  console.log('web server listening on port 80')
+})
+```
+
+## Configuration Options
+
+* `origin`: Configures the **Access-Control-Allow-Origin** CORS header. Possible values:
+  - `Boolean` - set `origin` to `true` to reflect the [request origin](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-abarth-origin-09), as defined by `req.header('Origin')`, or set it to `false` to disable CORS.
+  - `String` - set `origin` to a specific origin. For example, if you set it to
+    - `"http://example.com"` only requests from "http://example.com" will be allowed.
+    - `"*"` for all domains to be allowed. 
+  - `RegExp` - set `origin` to a regular expression pattern which will be used to test the request origin. If it's a match, the request origin will be reflected. For example the pattern `/example\.com$/` will reflect any request that is coming from an origin ending with "example.com".
+  - `Array` - set `origin` to an array of valid origins. Each origin can be a `String` or a `RegExp`. For example `["http://example1.com", /\.example2\.com$/]` will accept any request from "http://example1.com" or from a subdomain of "example2.com".
+  - `Function` - set `origin` to a function implementing some custom logic. The function takes the request origin as the first parameter and a callback (called as `callback(err, origin)`, where `origin` is a non-function value of the `origin` option) as the second.
+* `methods`: Configures the **Access-Control-Allow-Methods** CORS header. Expects a comma-delimited string (ex: 'GET,PUT,POST') or an array (ex: `['GET', 'PUT', 'POST']`).
+* `allowedHeaders`: Configures the **Access-Control-Allow-Headers** CORS header. Expects a comma-delimited string (ex: 'Content-Type,Authorization') or an array (ex: `['Content-Type', 'Authorization']`). If not specified, defaults to reflecting the headers specified in the request's **Access-Control-Request-Headers** header.
+* `exposedHeaders`: Configures the **Access-Control-Expose-Headers** CORS header. Expects a comma-delimited string (ex: 'Content-Range,X-Content-Range') or an array (ex: `['Content-Range', 'X-Content-Range']`). If not specified, no custom headers are exposed.
+* `credentials`: Configures the **Access-Control-Allow-Credentials** CORS header. Set to `true` to pass the header, otherwise it is omitted.
+* `maxAge`: Configures the **Access-Control-Max-Age** CORS header. Set to an integer to pass the header, otherwise it is omitted.
+* `preflightContinue`: Pass the CORS preflight response to the next handler.
+* `optionsSuccessStatus`: Provides a status code to use for successful `OPTIONS` requests, since some legacy browsers (IE11, various SmartTVs) choke on `204`.
+
+The default configuration is the equivalent of:
+
+```json
+{
+  "origin": "*",
+  "methods": "GET,HEAD,PUT,PATCH,POST,DELETE",
+  "preflightContinue": false,
+  "optionsSuccessStatus": 204
+}
+```
+
+## Common Misconceptions
+
+### "CORS blocks requests from disallowed origins"
+
+**No.** Your server receives and processes every request. CORS headers tell the browser whether JavaScript can read the response—not whether the request is allowed.
+
+### "CORS protects my API from unauthorized access"
+
+**No.** CORS is not access control. Any HTTP client (curl, Postman, another server) can call your API regardless of CORS settings. Use authentication and authorization to protect your API.
+
+### "Setting `origin: 'http://example.com'` means only that domain can access my server"
+
+**No.** It means browsers will only let JavaScript from that origin read responses. The server still responds to all requests.
+
+## License
+
+[MIT License](http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+## Original Author
+
+[Troy Goode](https://github.com/TroyGoode) ([troygoode@gmail.com](mailto:troygoode@gmail.com))
+
+[coveralls-image]: https://img.shields.io/coveralls/expressjs/cors/master.svg
+[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/expressjs/cors?branch=master
+[downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/cors.svg
+[downloads-url]: https://npmjs.com/package/cors
+[github-actions-ci-image]: https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/expressjs/cors/ci.yml?branch=master&label=ci
+[github-actions-ci-url]: https://github.com/expressjs/cors?query=workflow%3Aci
+[npm-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/cors.svg
+[npm-url]: https://npmjs.com/package/cors
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+(function () {
+
+  'use strict';
+
+  var assign = require('object-assign');
+  var vary = require('vary');
+
+  var defaults = {
+    origin: '*',
+    methods: 'GET,HEAD,PUT,PATCH,POST,DELETE',
+    preflightContinue: false,
+    optionsSuccessStatus: 204
+  };
+
+  function isString(s) {
+    return typeof s === 'string' || s instanceof String;
+  }
+
+  function isOriginAllowed(origin, allowedOrigin) {
+    if (Array.isArray(allowedOrigin)) {
+      for (var i = 0; i < allowedOrigin.length; ++i) {
+        if (isOriginAllowed(origin, allowedOrigin[i])) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+      return false;
+    } else if (isString(allowedOrigin)) {
+      return origin === allowedOrigin;
+    } else if (allowedOrigin instanceof RegExp) {
+      return allowedOrigin.test(origin);
+    } else {
+      return !!allowedOrigin;
+    }
+  }
+
+  function configureOrigin(options, req) {
+    var requestOrigin = req.headers.origin,
+      headers = [],
+      isAllowed;
+
+    if (!options.origin || options.origin === '*') {
+      // allow any origin
+      headers.push([{
+        key: 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin',
+        value: '*'
+      }]);
+    } else if (isString(options.origin)) {
+      // fixed origin
+      headers.push([{
+        key: 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin',
+        value: options.origin
+      }]);
+      headers.push([{
+        key: 'Vary',
+        value: 'Origin'
+      }]);
+    } else {
+      isAllowed = isOriginAllowed(requestOrigin, options.origin);
+      // reflect origin
+      headers.push([{
+        key: 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin',
+        value: isAllowed ? requestOrigin : false
+      }]);
+      headers.push([{
+        key: 'Vary',
+        value: 'Origin'
+      }]);
+    }
+
+    return headers;
+  }
+
+  function configureMethods(options) {
+    var methods = options.methods;
+    if (methods.join) {
+      methods = options.methods.join(','); // .methods is an array, so turn it into a string
+    }
+    return {
+      key: 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods',
+      value: methods
+    };
+  }
+
+  function configureCredentials(options) {
+    if (options.credentials === true) {
+      return {
+        key: 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials',
+        value: 'true'
+      };
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  function configureAllowedHeaders(options, req) {
+    var allowedHeaders = options.allowedHeaders || options.headers;
+    var headers = [];
+
+    if (!allowedHeaders) {
+      allowedHeaders = req.headers['access-control-request-headers']; // .headers wasn't specified, so reflect the request headers
+      headers.push([{
+        key: 'Vary',
+        value: 'Access-Control-Request-Headers'
+      }]);
+    } else if (allowedHeaders.join) {
+      allowedHeaders = allowedHeaders.join(','); // .headers is an array, so turn it into a string
+    }
+    if (allowedHeaders && allowedHeaders.length) {
+      headers.push([{
+        key: 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers',
+        value: allowedHeaders
+      }]);
+    }
+
+    return headers;
+  }
+
+  function configureExposedHeaders(options) {
+    var headers = options.exposedHeaders;
+    if (!headers) {
+      return null;
+    } else if (headers.join) {
+      headers = headers.join(','); // .headers is an array, so turn it into a string
+    }
+    if (headers && headers.length) {
+      return {
+        key: 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers',
+        value: headers
+      };
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  function configureMaxAge(options) {
+    var maxAge = (typeof options.maxAge === 'number' || options.maxAge) && options.maxAge.toString()
+    if (maxAge && maxAge.length) {
+      return {
+        key: 'Access-Control-Max-Age',
+        value: maxAge
+      };
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  function applyHeaders(headers, res) {
+    for (var i = 0, n = headers.length; i < n; i++) {
+      var header = headers[i];
+      if (header) {
+        if (Array.isArray(header)) {
+          applyHeaders(header, res);
+        } else if (header.key === 'Vary' && header.value) {
+          vary(res, header.value);
+        } else if (header.value) {
+          res.setHeader(header.key, header.value);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  function cors(options, req, res, next) {
+    var headers = [],
+      method = req.method && req.method.toUpperCase && req.method.toUpperCase();
+
+    if (method === 'OPTIONS') {
+      // preflight
+      headers.push(configureOrigin(options, req));
+      headers.push(configureCredentials(options))
+      headers.push(configureMethods(options))
+      headers.push(configureAllowedHeaders(options, req));
+      headers.push(configureMaxAge(options))
+      headers.push(configureExposedHeaders(options))
+      applyHeaders(headers, res);
+
+      if (options.preflightContinue) {
+        next();
+      } else {
+        // Safari (and potentially other browsers) need content-length 0,
+        //   for 204 or they just hang waiting for a body
+        res.statusCode = options.optionsSuccessStatus;
+        res.setHeader('Content-Length', '0');
+        res.end();
+      }
+    } else {
+      // actual response
+      headers.push(configureOrigin(options, req));
+      headers.push(configureCredentials(options))
+      headers.push(configureExposedHeaders(options))
+      applyHeaders(headers, res);
+      next();
+    }
+  }
+
+  function middlewareWrapper(o) {
+    // if options are static (either via defaults or custom options passed in), wrap in a function
+    var optionsCallback = null;
+    if (typeof o === 'function') {
+      optionsCallback = o;
+    } else {
+      optionsCallback = function (req, cb) {
+        cb(null, o);
+      };
+    }
+
+    return function corsMiddleware(req, res, next) {
+      optionsCallback(req, function (err, options) {
+        if (err) {
+          next(err);
+        } else {
+          var corsOptions = assign({}, defaults, options);
+          var originCallback = null;
+          if (corsOptions.origin && typeof corsOptions.origin === 'function') {
+            originCallback = corsOptions.origin;
+          } else if (corsOptions.origin) {
+            originCallback = function (origin, cb) {
+              cb(null, corsOptions.origin);
+            };
+          }
+
+          if (originCallback) {
+            originCallback(req.headers.origin, function (err2, origin) {
+              if (err2 || !origin) {
+                next(err2);
+              } else {
+                corsOptions.origin = origin;
+                cors(corsOptions, req, res, next);
+              }
+            });
+          } else {
+            next();
+          }
+        }
+      });
+    };
+  }
+
+  // can pass either an options hash, an options delegate, or nothing
+  module.exports = middlewareWrapper;
+
+}());
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+{
+  "name": "cors",
+  "description": "Node.js CORS middleware",
+  "version": "2.8.6",
+  "author": "Troy Goode <troygoode@gmail.com> (https://github.com/troygoode/)",
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "keywords": [
+    "cors",
+    "express",
+    "connect",
+    "middleware"
+  ],
+  "repository": "expressjs/cors",
+  "funding": {
+    "type": "opencollective",
+    "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
+  },
+  "main": "./lib/index.js",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "object-assign": "^4",
+    "vary": "^1"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "after": "0.8.2",
+    "eslint": "7.30.0",
+    "express": "4.21.2",
+    "mocha": "9.2.2",
+    "nyc": "15.1.0",
+    "supertest": "6.1.3"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "lib/index.js"
+  ],
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">= 0.10"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "test": "npm run lint && npm run test-ci",
+    "test-ci": "nyc --reporter=lcov --reporter=text mocha --require test/support/env",
+    "lint": "eslint lib test"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+repo_token: SIAeZjKYlHK74rbcFvNHMUzjRiMpflxve
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+  "env": {
+    "browser": true,
+    "node": true
+  },
+  "rules": {
+    "no-console": 0,
+    "no-empty": [1, { "allowEmptyCatch": true }]
+  },
+  "extends": "eslint:recommended"
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+support
+test
+examples
+example
+*.sock
+dist
+yarn.lock
+coverage
+bower.json
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+
+language: node_js
+node_js:
+  - "6"
+  - "5"
+  - "4"
+
+install:
+  - make node_modules
+
+script:
+  - make lint
+  - make test
+  - make coveralls
@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+
+2.6.9 / 2017-09-22
+==================
+
+  * remove ReDoS regexp in %o formatter (#504)
+
+2.6.8 / 2017-05-18
+==================
+
+  * Fix: Check for undefined on browser globals (#462, @marbemac)
+
+2.6.7 / 2017-05-16
+==================
+
+  * Fix: Update ms to 2.0.0 to fix regular expression denial of service vulnerability (#458, @hubdotcom)
+  * Fix: Inline extend function in node implementation (#452, @dougwilson)
+  * Docs: Fix typo (#455, @msasad)
+
+2.6.5 / 2017-04-27
+==================
+  
+  * Fix: null reference check on window.documentElement.style.WebkitAppearance (#447, @thebigredgeek)
+  * Misc: clean up browser reference checks (#447, @thebigredgeek)
+  * Misc: add npm-debug.log to .gitignore (@thebigredgeek)
+
+
+2.6.4 / 2017-04-20
+==================
+
+  * Fix: bug that would occure if process.env.DEBUG is a non-string value. (#444, @LucianBuzzo)
+  * Chore: ignore bower.json in npm installations. (#437, @joaovieira)
+  * Misc: update "ms" to v0.7.3 (@tootallnate)
+
+2.6.3 / 2017-03-13
+==================
+
+  * Fix: Electron reference to `process.env.DEBUG` (#431, @paulcbetts)
+  * Docs: Changelog fix (@thebigredgeek)
+
+2.6.2 / 2017-03-10
+==================
+
+  * Fix: DEBUG_MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH (#420, @slavaGanzin)
+  * Docs: Add backers and sponsors from Open Collective (#422, @piamancini)
+  * Docs: Add Slackin invite badge (@tootallnate)
+
+2.6.1 / 2017-02-10
+==================
+
+  * Fix: Module's `export default` syntax fix for IE8 `Expected identifier` error
+  * Fix: Whitelist DEBUG_FD for values 1 and 2 only (#415, @pi0)
+  * Fix: IE8 "Expected identifier" error (#414, @vgoma)
+  * Fix: Namespaces would not disable once enabled (#409, @musikov)
+
+2.6.0 / 2016-12-28
+==================
+
+  * Fix: added better null pointer checks for browser useColors (@thebigredgeek)
+  * Improvement: removed explicit `window.debug` export (#404, @tootallnate)
+  * Improvement: deprecated `DEBUG_FD` environment variable (#405, @tootallnate)
+
+2.5.2 / 2016-12-25
+==================
+
+  * Fix: reference error on window within webworkers (#393, @KlausTrainer)
+  * Docs: fixed README typo (#391, @lurch)
+  * Docs: added notice about v3 api discussion (@thebigredgeek)
+
+2.5.1 / 2016-12-20
+==================
+
+  * Fix: babel-core compatibility
+
+2.5.0 / 2016-12-20
+==================
+
+  * Fix: wrong reference in bower file (@thebigredgeek)
+  * Fix: webworker compatibility (@thebigredgeek)
+  * Fix: output formatting issue (#388, @kribblo)
+  * Fix: babel-loader compatibility (#383, @escwald)
+  * Misc: removed built asset from repo and publications (@thebigredgeek)
+  * Misc: moved source files to /src (#378, @yamikuronue)
+  * Test: added karma integration and replaced babel with browserify for browser tests (#378, @yamikuronue)
+  * Test: coveralls integration (#378, @yamikuronue)
+  * Docs: simplified language in the opening paragraph (#373, @yamikuronue)
+
+2.4.5 / 2016-12-17
+==================
+
+  * Fix: `navigator` undefined in Rhino (#376, @jochenberger)
+  * Fix: custom log function (#379, @hsiliev)
+  * Improvement: bit of cleanup + linting fixes (@thebigredgeek)
+  * Improvement: rm non-maintainted `dist/` dir (#375, @freewil)
+  * Docs: simplified language in the opening paragraph. (#373, @yamikuronue)
+
+2.4.4 / 2016-12-14
+==================
+
+  * Fix: work around debug being loaded in preload scripts for electron (#368, @paulcbetts)
+
+2.4.3 / 2016-12-14
+==================
+
+  * Fix: navigation.userAgent error for react native (#364, @escwald)
+
+2.4.2 / 2016-12-14
+==================
+
+  * Fix: browser colors (#367, @tootallnate)
+  * Misc: travis ci integration (@thebigredgeek)
+  * Misc: added linting and testing boilerplate with sanity check (@thebigredgeek)
+
+2.4.1 / 2016-12-13
+==================
+
+  * Fix: typo that broke the package (#356)
+
+2.4.0 / 2016-12-13
+==================
+
+  * Fix: bower.json references unbuilt src entry point (#342, @justmatt)
+  * Fix: revert "handle regex special characters" (@tootallnate)
+  * Feature: configurable util.inspect()`options for NodeJS (#327, @tootallnate)
+  * Feature: %O`(big O) pretty-prints objects (#322, @tootallnate)
+  * Improvement: allow colors in workers (#335, @botverse)
+  * Improvement: use same color for same namespace. (#338, @lchenay)
+
+2.3.3 / 2016-11-09
+==================
+
+  * Fix: Catch `JSON.stringify()` errors (#195, Jovan Alleyne)
+  * Fix: Returning `localStorage` saved values (#331, Levi Thomason)
+  * Improvement: Don't create an empty object when no `process` (Nathan Rajlich)
+
+2.3.2 / 2016-11-09
+==================
+
+  * Fix: be super-safe in index.js as well (@TooTallNate)
+  * Fix: should check whether process exists (Tom Newby)
+
+2.3.1 / 2016-11-09
+==================
+
+  * Fix: Added electron compatibility (#324, @paulcbetts)
+  * Improvement: Added performance optimizations (@tootallnate)
+  * Readme: Corrected PowerShell environment variable example (#252, @gimre)
+  * Misc: Removed yarn lock file from source control (#321, @fengmk2)
+
+2.3.0 / 2016-11-07
+==================
+
+  * Fix: Consistent placement of ms diff at end of output (#215, @gorangajic)
+  * Fix: Escaping of regex special characters in namespace strings (#250, @zacronos)
+  * Fix: Fixed bug causing crash on react-native (#282, @vkarpov15)
+  * Feature: Enabled ES6+ compatible import via default export (#212 @bucaran)
+  * Feature: Added %O formatter to reflect Chrome's console.log capability (#279, @oncletom)
+  * Package: Update "ms" to 0.7.2 (#315, @DevSide)
+  * Package: removed superfluous version property from bower.json (#207 @kkirsche)
+  * Readme: fix USE_COLORS to DEBUG_COLORS
+  * Readme: Doc fixes for format string sugar (#269, @mlucool)
+  * Readme: Updated docs for DEBUG_FD and DEBUG_COLORS environment variables (#232, @mattlyons0)
+  * Readme: doc fixes for PowerShell (#271 #243, @exoticknight @unreadable)
+  * Readme: better docs for browser support (#224, @matthewmueller)
+  * Tooling: Added yarn integration for development (#317, @thebigredgeek)
+  * Misc: Renamed History.md to CHANGELOG.md (@thebigredgeek)
+  * Misc: Added license file (#226 #274, @CantemoInternal @sdaitzman)
+  * Misc: Updated contributors (@thebigredgeek)
+
+2.2.0 / 2015-05-09
+==================
+
+  * package: update "ms" to v0.7.1 (#202, @dougwilson)
+  * README: add logging to file example (#193, @DanielOchoa)
+  * README: fixed a typo (#191, @amir-s)
+  * browser: expose `storage` (#190, @stephenmathieson)
+  * Makefile: add a `distclean` target (#189, @stephenmathieson)
+
+2.1.3 / 2015-03-13
+==================
+
+  * Updated stdout/stderr example (#186)
+  * Updated example/stdout.js to match debug current behaviour
+  * Renamed example/stderr.js to stdout.js
+  * Update Readme.md (#184)
+  * replace high intensity foreground color for bold (#182, #183)
+
+2.1.2 / 2015-03-01
+==================
+
+  * dist: recompile
+  * update "ms" to v0.7.0
+  * package: update "browserify" to v9.0.3
+  * component: fix "ms.js" repo location
+  * changed bower package name
+  * updated documentation about using debug in a browser
+  * fix: security error on safari (#167, #168, @yields)
+
+2.1.1 / 2014-12-29
+==================
+
+  * browser: use `typeof` to check for `console` existence
+  * browser: check for `console.log` truthiness (fix IE 8/9)
+  * browser: add support for Chrome apps
+  * Readme: added Windows usage remarks
+  * Add `bower.json` to properly support bower install
+
+2.1.0 / 2014-10-15
+==================
+
+  * node: implement `DEBUG_FD` env variable support
+  * package: update "browserify" to v6.1.0
+  * package: add "license" field to package.json (#135, @panuhorsmalahti)
+
+2.0.0 / 2014-09-01
+==================
+
+  * package: update "browserify" to v5.11.0
+  * node: use stderr rather than stdout for logging (#29, @stephenmathieson)
+
+1.0.4 / 2014-07-15
+==================
+
+  * dist: recompile
+  * example: remove `console.info()` log usage
+  * example: add "Content-Type" UTF-8 header to browser example
+  * browser: place %c marker after the space character
+  * browser: reset the "content" color via `color: inherit`
+  * browser: add colors support for Firefox >= v31
+  * debug: prefer an instance `log()` function over the global one (#119)
+  * Readme: update documentation about styled console logs for FF v31 (#116, @wryk)
+
+1.0.3 / 2014-07-09
+==================
+
+  * Add support for multiple wildcards in namespaces (#122, @seegno)
+  * browser: fix lint
+
+1.0.2 / 2014-06-10
+==================
+
+  * browser: update color palette (#113, @gscottolson)
+  * common: make console logging function configurable (#108, @timoxley)
+  * node: fix %o colors on old node <= 0.8.x
+  * Makefile: find node path using shell/which (#109, @timoxley)
+
+1.0.1 / 2014-06-06
+==================
+
+  * browser: use `removeItem()` to clear localStorage
+  * browser, node: don't set DEBUG if namespaces is undefined (#107, @leedm777)
+  * package: add "contributors" section
+  * node: fix comment typo
+  * README: list authors
+
+1.0.0 / 2014-06-04
+==================
+
+  * make ms diff be global, not be scope
+  * debug: ignore empty strings in enable()
+  * node: make DEBUG_COLORS able to disable coloring
+  * *: export the `colors` array
+  * npmignore: don't publish the `dist` dir
+  * Makefile: refactor to use browserify
+  * package: add "browserify" as a dev dependency
+  * Readme: add Web Inspector Colors section
+  * node: reset terminal color for the debug content
+  * node: map "%o" to `util.inspect()`
+  * browser: map "%j" to `JSON.stringify()`
+  * debug: add custom "formatters"
+  * debug: use "ms" module for humanizing the diff
+  * Readme: add "bash" syntax highlighting
+  * browser: add Firebug color support
+  * browser: add colors for WebKit browsers
+  * node: apply log to `console`
+  * rewrite: abstract common logic for Node & browsers
+  * add .jshintrc file
+
+0.8.1 / 2014-04-14
+==================
+
+  * package: re-add the "component" section
+
+0.8.0 / 2014-03-30
+==================
+
+  * add `enable()` method for nodejs. Closes #27
+  * change from stderr to stdout
+  * remove unnecessary index.js file
+
+0.7.4 / 2013-11-13
+==================
+
+  * remove "browserify" key from package.json (fixes something in browserify)
+
+0.7.3 / 2013-10-30
+==================
+
+  * fix: catch localStorage security error when cookies are blocked (Chrome)
+  * add debug(err) support. Closes #46
+  * add .browser prop to package.json. Closes #42
+
+0.7.2 / 2013-02-06
+==================
+
+  * fix package.json
+  * fix: Mobile Safari (private mode) is broken with debug
+  * fix: Use unicode to send escape character to shell instead of octal to work with strict mode javascript
+
+0.7.1 / 2013-02-05
+==================
+
+  * add repository URL to package.json
+  * add DEBUG_COLORED to force colored output
+  * add browserify support
+  * fix component. Closes #24
+
+0.7.0 / 2012-05-04
+==================
+
+  * Added .component to package.json
+  * Added debug.component.js build
+
+0.6.0 / 2012-03-16
+==================
+
+  * Added support for "-" prefix in DEBUG [Vinay Pulim]
+  * Added `.enabled` flag to the node version [TooTallNate]
+
+0.5.0 / 2012-02-02
+==================
+
+  * Added: humanize diffs. Closes #8
+  * Added `debug.disable()` to the CS variant
+  * Removed padding. Closes #10
+  * Fixed: persist client-side variant again. Closes #9
+
+0.4.0 / 2012-02-01
+==================
+
+  * Added browser variant support for older browsers [TooTallNate]
+  * Added `debug.enable('project:*')` to browser variant [TooTallNate]
+  * Added padding to diff (moved it to the right)
+
+0.3.0 / 2012-01-26
+==================
+
+  * Added millisecond diff when isatty, otherwise UTC string
+
+0.2.0 / 2012-01-22
+==================
+
+  * Added wildcard support
+
+0.1.0 / 2011-12-02
+==================
+
+  * Added: remove colors unless stderr isatty [TooTallNate]
+
+0.0.1 / 2010-01-03
+==================
+
+  * Initial release
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2014 TJ Holowaychuk <tj@vision-media.ca>
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software 
+and associated documentation files (the 'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, 
+including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, 
+and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial 
+portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT 
+LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. 
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, 
+WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE 
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# get Makefile directory name: http://stackoverflow.com/a/5982798/376773
+THIS_MAKEFILE_PATH:=$(word $(words $(MAKEFILE_LIST)),$(MAKEFILE_LIST))
+THIS_DIR:=$(shell cd $(dir $(THIS_MAKEFILE_PATH));pwd)
+
+# BIN directory
+BIN := $(THIS_DIR)/node_modules/.bin
+
+# Path
+PATH := node_modules/.bin:$(PATH)
+SHELL := /bin/bash
+
+# applications
+NODE ?= $(shell which node)
+YARN ?= $(shell which yarn)
+PKG ?= $(if $(YARN),$(YARN),$(NODE) $(shell which npm))
+BROWSERIFY ?= $(NODE) $(BIN)/browserify
+
+.FORCE:
+
+install: node_modules
+
+node_modules: package.json
+	@NODE_ENV= $(PKG) install
+	@touch node_modules
+
+lint: .FORCE
+	eslint browser.js debug.js index.js node.js
+
+test-node: .FORCE
+	istanbul cover node_modules/mocha/bin/_mocha -- test/**.js
+
+test-browser: .FORCE
+	mkdir -p dist
+
+	@$(BROWSERIFY) \
+		--standalone debug \
+		. > dist/debug.js
+
+	karma start --single-run
+	rimraf dist
+
+test: .FORCE
+	concurrently \
+		"make test-node" \
+		"make test-browser"
+
+coveralls:
+	cat ./coverage/lcov.info | ./node_modules/coveralls/bin/coveralls.js
+
+.PHONY: all install clean distclean
@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+# debug
+[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/visionmedia/debug.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/visionmedia/debug)  [![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/github/visionmedia/debug/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://coveralls.io/github/visionmedia/debug?branch=master)  [![Slack](https://visionmedia-community-slackin.now.sh/badge.svg)](https://visionmedia-community-slackin.now.sh/) [![OpenCollective](https://opencollective.com/debug/backers/badge.svg)](#backers) 
+[![OpenCollective](https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsors/badge.svg)](#sponsors)
+
+
+
+A tiny node.js debugging utility modelled after node core's debugging technique.
+
+**Discussion around the V3 API is under way [here](https://github.com/visionmedia/debug/issues/370)**
+
+## Installation
+
+```bash
+$ npm install debug
+```
+
+## Usage
+
+`debug` exposes a function; simply pass this function the name of your module, and it will return a decorated version of `console.error` for you to pass debug statements to. This will allow you to toggle the debug output for different parts of your module as well as the module as a whole.
+
+Example _app.js_:
+
+```js
+var debug = require('debug')('http')
+  , http = require('http')
+  , name = 'My App';
+
+// fake app
+
+debug('booting %s', name);
+
+http.createServer(function(req, res){
+  debug(req.method + ' ' + req.url);
+  res.end('hello\n');
+}).listen(3000, function(){
+  debug('listening');
+});
+
+// fake worker of some kind
+
+require('./worker');
+```
+
+Example _worker.js_:
+
+```js
+var debug = require('debug')('worker');
+
+setInterval(function(){
+  debug('doing some work');
+}, 1000);
+```
+
+ The __DEBUG__ environment variable is then used to enable these based on space or comma-delimited names. Here are some examples:
+
+  ![debug http and worker](http://f.cl.ly/items/18471z1H402O24072r1J/Screenshot.png)
+
+  ![debug worker](http://f.cl.ly/items/1X413v1a3M0d3C2c1E0i/Screenshot.png)
+
+#### Windows note
+
+ On Windows the environment variable is set using the `set` command.
+
+ ```cmd
+ set DEBUG=*,-not_this
+ ```
+
+ Note that PowerShell uses different syntax to set environment variables.
+
+ ```cmd
+ $env:DEBUG = "*,-not_this"
+  ```
+
+Then, run the program to be debugged as usual.
+
+## Millisecond diff
+
+  When actively developing an application it can be useful to see when the time spent between one `debug()` call and the next. Suppose for example you invoke `debug()` before requesting a resource, and after as well, the "+NNNms" will show you how much time was spent between calls.
+
+  ![](http://f.cl.ly/items/2i3h1d3t121M2Z1A3Q0N/Screenshot.png)
+
+  When stdout is not a TTY, `Date#toUTCString()` is used, making it more useful for logging the debug information as shown below:
+
+  ![](http://f.cl.ly/items/112H3i0e0o0P0a2Q2r11/Screenshot.png)
+
+## Conventions
+
+  If you're using this in one or more of your libraries, you _should_ use the name of your library so that developers may toggle debugging as desired without guessing names. If you have more than one debuggers you _should_ prefix them with your library name and use ":" to separate features. For example "bodyParser" from Connect would then be "connect:bodyParser".
+
+## Wildcards
+
+  The `*` character may be used as a wildcard. Suppose for example your library has debuggers named "connect:bodyParser", "connect:compress", "connect:session", instead of listing all three with `DEBUG=connect:bodyParser,connect:compress,connect:session`, you may simply do `DEBUG=connect:*`, or to run everything using this module simply use `DEBUG=*`.
+
+  You can also exclude specific debuggers by prefixing them with a "-" character.  For example, `DEBUG=*,-connect:*` would include all debuggers except those starting with "connect:".
+
+## Environment Variables
+
+  When running through Node.js, you can set a few environment variables that will
+  change the behavior of the debug logging:
+
+| Name      | Purpose                                         |
+|-----------|-------------------------------------------------|
+| `DEBUG`   | Enables/disables specific debugging namespaces. |
+| `DEBUG_COLORS`| Whether or not to use colors in the debug output. |
+| `DEBUG_DEPTH` | Object inspection depth. |
+| `DEBUG_SHOW_HIDDEN` | Shows hidden properties on inspected objects. |
+
+
+  __Note:__ The environment variables beginning with `DEBUG_` end up being
+  converted into an Options object that gets used with `%o`/`%O` formatters.
+  See the Node.js documentation for
+  [`util.inspect()`](https://nodejs.org/api/util.html#util_util_inspect_object_options)
+  for the complete list.
+
+## Formatters
+
+
+  Debug uses [printf-style](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Printf_format_string) formatting. Below are the officially supported formatters:
+
+| Formatter | Representation |
+|-----------|----------------|
+| `%O`      | Pretty-print an Object on multiple lines. |
+| `%o`      | Pretty-print an Object all on a single line. |
+| `%s`      | String. |
+| `%d`      | Number (both integer and float). |
+| `%j`      | JSON. Replaced with the string '[Circular]' if the argument contains circular references. |
+| `%%`      | Single percent sign ('%'). This does not consume an argument. |
+
+### Custom formatters
+
+  You can add custom formatters by extending the `debug.formatters` object. For example, if you wanted to add support for rendering a Buffer as hex with `%h`, you could do something like:
+
+```js
+const createDebug = require('debug')
+createDebug.formatters.h = (v) => {
+  return v.toString('hex')
+}
+
+// …elsewhere
+const debug = createDebug('foo')
+debug('this is hex: %h', new Buffer('hello world'))
+//   foo this is hex: 68656c6c6f20776f726c6421 +0ms
+```
+
+## Browser support
+  You can build a browser-ready script using [browserify](https://github.com/substack/node-browserify),
+  or just use the [browserify-as-a-service](https://wzrd.in/) [build](https://wzrd.in/standalone/debug@latest),
+  if you don't want to build it yourself.
+
+  Debug's enable state is currently persisted by `localStorage`.
+  Consider the situation shown below where you have `worker:a` and `worker:b`,
+  and wish to debug both. You can enable this using `localStorage.debug`:
+
+```js
+localStorage.debug = 'worker:*'
+```
+
+And then refresh the page.
+
+```js
+a = debug('worker:a');
+b = debug('worker:b');
+
+setInterval(function(){
+  a('doing some work');
+}, 1000);
+
+setInterval(function(){
+  b('doing some work');
+}, 1200);
+```
+
+#### Web Inspector Colors
+
+  Colors are also enabled on "Web Inspectors" that understand the `%c` formatting
+  option. These are WebKit web inspectors, Firefox ([since version
+  31](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2014/05/editable-box-model-multiple-selection-sublime-text-keys-much-more-firefox-developer-tools-episode-31/))
+  and the Firebug plugin for Firefox (any version).
+
+  Colored output looks something like:
+
+  ![](https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/71256/3139768/b98c5fd8-e8ef-11e3-862a-f7253b6f47c6.png)
+
+
+## Output streams
+
+  By default `debug` will log to stderr, however this can be configured per-namespace by overriding the `log` method:
+
+Example _stdout.js_:
+
+```js
+var debug = require('debug');
+var error = debug('app:error');
+
+// by default stderr is used
+error('goes to stderr!');
+
+var log = debug('app:log');
+// set this namespace to log via console.log
+log.log = console.log.bind(console); // don't forget to bind to console!
+log('goes to stdout');
+error('still goes to stderr!');
+
+// set all output to go via console.info
+// overrides all per-namespace log settings
+debug.log = console.info.bind(console);
+error('now goes to stdout via console.info');
+log('still goes to stdout, but via console.info now');
+```
+
+
+## Authors
+
+ - TJ Holowaychuk
+ - Nathan Rajlich
+ - Andrew Rhyne
+ 
+## Backers
+
+Support us with a monthly donation and help us continue our activities. [[Become a backer](https://opencollective.com/debug#backer)]
+
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/0/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/0/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/1/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/1/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/2/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/2/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/3/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/3/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/4/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/4/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/5/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/5/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/6/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/6/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/7/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/7/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/8/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/8/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/9/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/9/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/10/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/10/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/11/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/11/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/12/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/12/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/13/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/13/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/14/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/14/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/15/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/15/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/16/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/16/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/17/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/17/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/18/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/18/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/19/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/19/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/20/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/20/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/21/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/21/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/22/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/22/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/23/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/23/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/24/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/24/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/25/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/25/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/26/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/26/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/27/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/27/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/28/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/28/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/29/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/backer/29/avatar.svg"></a>
+
+
+## Sponsors
+
+Become a sponsor and get your logo on our README on Github with a link to your site. [[Become a sponsor](https://opencollective.com/debug#sponsor)]
+
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/0/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/0/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/1/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/1/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/2/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/2/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/3/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/3/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/4/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/4/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/5/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/5/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/6/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/6/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/7/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/7/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/8/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/8/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/9/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/9/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/10/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/10/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/11/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/11/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/12/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/12/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/13/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/13/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/14/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/14/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/15/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/15/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/16/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/16/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/17/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/17/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/18/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/18/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/19/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/19/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/20/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/20/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/21/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/21/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/22/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/22/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/23/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/23/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/24/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/24/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/25/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/25/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/26/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/26/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/27/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/27/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/28/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/28/avatar.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/29/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/debug/sponsor/29/avatar.svg"></a>
+
+## License
+
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2014-2016 TJ Holowaychuk &lt;tj@vision-media.ca&gt;
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{
+  "name": "debug",
+  "repo": "visionmedia/debug",
+  "description": "small debugging utility",
+  "version": "2.6.9",
+  "keywords": [
+    "debug",
+    "log",
+    "debugger"
+  ],
+  "main": "src/browser.js",
+  "scripts": [
+    "src/browser.js",
+    "src/debug.js"
+  ],
+  "dependencies": {
+    "rauchg/ms.js": "0.7.1"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+// Karma configuration
+// Generated on Fri Dec 16 2016 13:09:51 GMT+0000 (UTC)
+
+module.exports = function(config) {
+  config.set({
+
+    // base path that will be used to resolve all patterns (eg. files, exclude)
+    basePath: '',
+
+
+    // frameworks to use
+    // available frameworks: https://npmjs.org/browse/keyword/karma-adapter
+    frameworks: ['mocha', 'chai', 'sinon'],
+
+
+    // list of files / patterns to load in the browser
+    files: [
+      'dist/debug.js',
+      'test/*spec.js'
+    ],
+
+
+    // list of files to exclude
+    exclude: [
+      'src/node.js'
+    ],
+
+
+    // preprocess matching files before serving them to the browser
+    // available preprocessors: https://npmjs.org/browse/keyword/karma-preprocessor
+    preprocessors: {
+    },
+
+    // test results reporter to use
+    // possible values: 'dots', 'progress'
+    // available reporters: https://npmjs.org/browse/keyword/karma-reporter
+    reporters: ['progress'],
+
+
+    // web server port
+    port: 9876,
+
+
+    // enable / disable colors in the output (reporters and logs)
+    colors: true,
+
+
+    // level of logging
+    // possible values: config.LOG_DISABLE || config.LOG_ERROR || config.LOG_WARN || config.LOG_INFO || config.LOG_DEBUG
+    logLevel: config.LOG_INFO,
+
+
+    // enable / disable watching file and executing tests whenever any file changes
+    autoWatch: true,
+
+
+    // start these browsers
+    // available browser launchers: https://npmjs.org/browse/keyword/karma-launcher
+    browsers: ['PhantomJS'],
+
+
+    // Continuous Integration mode
+    // if true, Karma captures browsers, runs the tests and exits
+    singleRun: false,
+
+    // Concurrency level
+    // how many browser should be started simultaneous
+    concurrency: Infinity
+  })
+}
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+module.exports = require('./src/node');
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+{
+  "name": "debug",
+  "version": "2.6.9",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git://github.com/visionmedia/debug.git"
+  },
+  "description": "small debugging utility",
+  "keywords": [
+    "debug",
+    "log",
+    "debugger"
+  ],
+  "author": "TJ Holowaychuk <tj@vision-media.ca>",
+  "contributors": [
+    "Nathan Rajlich <nathan@tootallnate.net> (http://n8.io)",
+    "Andrew Rhyne <rhyneandrew@gmail.com>"
+  ],
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "ms": "2.0.0"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "browserify": "9.0.3",
+    "chai": "^3.5.0",
+    "concurrently": "^3.1.0",
+    "coveralls": "^2.11.15",
+    "eslint": "^3.12.1",
+    "istanbul": "^0.4.5",
+    "karma": "^1.3.0",
+    "karma-chai": "^0.1.0",
+    "karma-mocha": "^1.3.0",
+    "karma-phantomjs-launcher": "^1.0.2",
+    "karma-sinon": "^1.0.5",
+    "mocha": "^3.2.0",
+    "mocha-lcov-reporter": "^1.2.0",
+    "rimraf": "^2.5.4",
+    "sinon": "^1.17.6",
+    "sinon-chai": "^2.8.0"
+  },
+  "main": "./src/index.js",
+  "browser": "./src/browser.js",
+  "component": {
+    "scripts": {
+      "debug/index.js": "browser.js",
+      "debug/debug.js": "debug.js"
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+/**
+ * This is the web browser implementation of `debug()`.
+ *
+ * Expose `debug()` as the module.
+ */
+
+exports = module.exports = require('./debug');
+exports.log = log;
+exports.formatArgs = formatArgs;
+exports.save = save;
+exports.load = load;
+exports.useColors = useColors;
+exports.storage = 'undefined' != typeof chrome
+               && 'undefined' != typeof chrome.storage
+                  ? chrome.storage.local
+                  : localstorage();
+
+/**
+ * Colors.
+ */
+
+exports.colors = [
+  'lightseagreen',
+  'forestgreen',
+  'goldenrod',
+  'dodgerblue',
+  'darkorchid',
+  'crimson'
+];
+
+/**
+ * Currently only WebKit-based Web Inspectors, Firefox >= v31,
+ * and the Firebug extension (any Firefox version) are known
+ * to support "%c" CSS customizations.
+ *
+ * TODO: add a `localStorage` variable to explicitly enable/disable colors
+ */
+
+function useColors() {
+  // NB: In an Electron preload script, document will be defined but not fully
+  // initialized. Since we know we're in Chrome, we'll just detect this case
+  // explicitly
+  if (typeof window !== 'undefined' && window.process && window.process.type === 'renderer') {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // is webkit? http://stackoverflow.com/a/16459606/376773
+  // document is undefined in react-native: https://github.com/facebook/react-native/pull/1632
+  return (typeof document !== 'undefined' && document.documentElement && document.documentElement.style && document.documentElement.style.WebkitAppearance) ||
+    // is firebug? http://stackoverflow.com/a/398120/376773
+    (typeof window !== 'undefined' && window.console && (window.console.firebug || (window.console.exception && window.console.table))) ||
+    // is firefox >= v31?
+    // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Tools/Web_Console#Styling_messages
+    (typeof navigator !== 'undefined' && navigator.userAgent && navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().match(/firefox\/(\d+)/) && parseInt(RegExp.$1, 10) >= 31) ||
+    // double check webkit in userAgent just in case we are in a worker
+    (typeof navigator !== 'undefined' && navigator.userAgent && navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().match(/applewebkit\/(\d+)/));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Map %j to `JSON.stringify()`, since no Web Inspectors do that by default.
+ */
+
+exports.formatters.j = function(v) {
+  try {
+    return JSON.stringify(v);
+  } catch (err) {
+    return '[UnexpectedJSONParseError]: ' + err.message;
+  }
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Colorize log arguments if enabled.
+ *
+ * @api public
+ */
+
+function formatArgs(args) {
+  var useColors = this.useColors;
+
+  args[0] = (useColors ? '%c' : '')
+    + this.namespace
+    + (useColors ? ' %c' : ' ')
+    + args[0]
+    + (useColors ? '%c ' : ' ')
+    + '+' + exports.humanize(this.diff);
+
+  if (!useColors) return;
+
+  var c = 'color: ' + this.color;
+  args.splice(1, 0, c, 'color: inherit')
+
+  // the final "%c" is somewhat tricky, because there could be other
+  // arguments passed either before or after the %c, so we need to
+  // figure out the correct index to insert the CSS into
+  var index = 0;
+  var lastC = 0;
+  args[0].replace(/%[a-zA-Z%]/g, function(match) {
+    if ('%%' === match) return;
+    index++;
+    if ('%c' === match) {
+      // we only are interested in the *last* %c
+      // (the user may have provided their own)
+      lastC = index;
+    }
+  });
+
+  args.splice(lastC, 0, c);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Invokes `console.log()` when available.
+ * No-op when `console.log` is not a "function".
+ *
+ * @api public
+ */
+
+function log() {
+  // this hackery is required for IE8/9, where
+  // the `console.log` function doesn't have 'apply'
+  return 'object' === typeof console
+    && console.log
+    && Function.prototype.apply.call(console.log, console, arguments);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Save `namespaces`.
+ *
+ * @param {String} namespaces
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function save(namespaces) {
+  try {
+    if (null == namespaces) {
+      exports.storage.removeItem('debug');
+    } else {
+      exports.storage.debug = namespaces;
+    }
+  } catch(e) {}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Load `namespaces`.
+ *
+ * @return {String} returns the previously persisted debug modes
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function load() {
+  var r;
+  try {
+    r = exports.storage.debug;
+  } catch(e) {}
+
+  // If debug isn't set in LS, and we're in Electron, try to load $DEBUG
+  if (!r && typeof process !== 'undefined' && 'env' in process) {
+    r = process.env.DEBUG;
+  }
+
+  return r;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Enable namespaces listed in `localStorage.debug` initially.
+ */
+
+exports.enable(load());
+
+/**
+ * Localstorage attempts to return the localstorage.
+ *
+ * This is necessary because safari throws
+ * when a user disables cookies/localstorage
+ * and you attempt to access it.
+ *
+ * @return {LocalStorage}
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function localstorage() {
+  try {
+    return window.localStorage;
+  } catch (e) {}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+
+/**
+ * This is the common logic for both the Node.js and web browser
+ * implementations of `debug()`.
+ *
+ * Expose `debug()` as the module.
+ */
+
+exports = module.exports = createDebug.debug = createDebug['default'] = createDebug;
+exports.coerce = coerce;
+exports.disable = disable;
+exports.enable = enable;
+exports.enabled = enabled;
+exports.humanize = require('ms');
+
+/**
+ * The currently active debug mode names, and names to skip.
+ */
+
+exports.names = [];
+exports.skips = [];
+
+/**
+ * Map of special "%n" handling functions, for the debug "format" argument.
+ *
+ * Valid key names are a single, lower or upper-case letter, i.e. "n" and "N".
+ */
+
+exports.formatters = {};
+
+/**
+ * Previous log timestamp.
+ */
+
+var prevTime;
+
+/**
+ * Select a color.
+ * @param {String} namespace
+ * @return {Number}
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function selectColor(namespace) {
+  var hash = 0, i;
+
+  for (i in namespace) {
+    hash  = ((hash << 5) - hash) + namespace.charCodeAt(i);
+    hash |= 0; // Convert to 32bit integer
+  }
+
+  return exports.colors[Math.abs(hash) % exports.colors.length];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a debugger with the given `namespace`.
+ *
+ * @param {String} namespace
+ * @return {Function}
+ * @api public
+ */
+
+function createDebug(namespace) {
+
+  function debug() {
+    // disabled?
+    if (!debug.enabled) return;
+
+    var self = debug;
+
+    // set `diff` timestamp
+    var curr = +new Date();
+    var ms = curr - (prevTime || curr);
+    self.diff = ms;
+    self.prev = prevTime;
+    self.curr = curr;
+    prevTime = curr;
+
+    // turn the `arguments` into a proper Array
+    var args = new Array(arguments.length);
+    for (var i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
+      args[i] = arguments[i];
+    }
+
+    args[0] = exports.coerce(args[0]);
+
+    if ('string' !== typeof args[0]) {
+      // anything else let's inspect with %O
+      args.unshift('%O');
+    }
+
+    // apply any `formatters` transformations
+    var index = 0;
+    args[0] = args[0].replace(/%([a-zA-Z%])/g, function(match, format) {
+      // if we encounter an escaped % then don't increase the array index
+      if (match === '%%') return match;
+      index++;
+      var formatter = exports.formatters[format];
+      if ('function' === typeof formatter) {
+        var val = args[index];
+        match = formatter.call(self, val);
+
+        // now we need to remove `args[index]` since it's inlined in the `format`
+        args.splice(index, 1);
+        index--;
+      }
+      return match;
+    });
+
+    // apply env-specific formatting (colors, etc.)
+    exports.formatArgs.call(self, args);
+
+    var logFn = debug.log || exports.log || console.log.bind(console);
+    logFn.apply(self, args);
+  }
+
+  debug.namespace = namespace;
+  debug.enabled = exports.enabled(namespace);
+  debug.useColors = exports.useColors();
+  debug.color = selectColor(namespace);
+
+  // env-specific initialization logic for debug instances
+  if ('function' === typeof exports.init) {
+    exports.init(debug);
+  }
+
+  return debug;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Enables a debug mode by namespaces. This can include modes
+ * separated by a colon and wildcards.
+ *
+ * @param {String} namespaces
+ * @api public
+ */
+
+function enable(namespaces) {
+  exports.save(namespaces);
+
+  exports.names = [];
+  exports.skips = [];
+
+  var split = (typeof namespaces === 'string' ? namespaces : '').split(/[\s,]+/);
+  var len = split.length;
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    if (!split[i]) continue; // ignore empty strings
+    namespaces = split[i].replace(/\*/g, '.*?');
+    if (namespaces[0] === '-') {
+      exports.skips.push(new RegExp('^' + namespaces.substr(1) + '$'));
+    } else {
+      exports.names.push(new RegExp('^' + namespaces + '$'));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Disable debug output.
+ *
+ * @api public
+ */
+
+function disable() {
+  exports.enable('');
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns true if the given mode name is enabled, false otherwise.
+ *
+ * @param {String} name
+ * @return {Boolean}
+ * @api public
+ */
+
+function enabled(name) {
+  var i, len;
+  for (i = 0, len = exports.skips.length; i < len; i++) {
+    if (exports.skips[i].test(name)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  for (i = 0, len = exports.names.length; i < len; i++) {
+    if (exports.names[i].test(name)) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Coerce `val`.
+ *
+ * @param {Mixed} val
+ * @return {Mixed}
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function coerce(val) {
+  if (val instanceof Error) return val.stack || val.message;
+  return val;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+/**
+ * Detect Electron renderer process, which is node, but we should
+ * treat as a browser.
+ */
+
+if (typeof process !== 'undefined' && process.type === 'renderer') {
+  module.exports = require('./browser.js');
+} else {
+  module.exports = require('./node.js');
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+module.exports = inspectorLog;
+
+// black hole
+const nullStream = new (require('stream').Writable)();
+nullStream._write = () => {};
+
+/**
+ * Outputs a `console.log()` to the Node.js Inspector console *only*.
+ */
+function inspectorLog() {
+  const stdout = console._stdout;
+  console._stdout = nullStream;
+  console.log.apply(console, arguments);
+  console._stdout = stdout;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var tty = require('tty');
+var util = require('util');
+
+/**
+ * This is the Node.js implementation of `debug()`.
+ *
+ * Expose `debug()` as the module.
+ */
+
+exports = module.exports = require('./debug');
+exports.init = init;
+exports.log = log;
+exports.formatArgs = formatArgs;
+exports.save = save;
+exports.load = load;
+exports.useColors = useColors;
+
+/**
+ * Colors.
+ */
+
+exports.colors = [6, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1];
+
+/**
+ * Build up the default `inspectOpts` object from the environment variables.
+ *
+ *   $ DEBUG_COLORS=no DEBUG_DEPTH=10 DEBUG_SHOW_HIDDEN=enabled node script.js
+ */
+
+exports.inspectOpts = Object.keys(process.env).filter(function (key) {
+  return /^debug_/i.test(key);
+}).reduce(function (obj, key) {
+  // camel-case
+  var prop = key
+    .substring(6)
+    .toLowerCase()
+    .replace(/_([a-z])/g, function (_, k) { return k.toUpperCase() });
+
+  // coerce string value into JS value
+  var val = process.env[key];
+  if (/^(yes|on|true|enabled)$/i.test(val)) val = true;
+  else if (/^(no|off|false|disabled)$/i.test(val)) val = false;
+  else if (val === 'null') val = null;
+  else val = Number(val);
+
+  obj[prop] = val;
+  return obj;
+}, {});
+
+/**
+ * The file descriptor to write the `debug()` calls to.
+ * Set the `DEBUG_FD` env variable to override with another value. i.e.:
+ *
+ *   $ DEBUG_FD=3 node script.js 3>debug.log
+ */
+
+var fd = parseInt(process.env.DEBUG_FD, 10) || 2;
+
+if (1 !== fd && 2 !== fd) {
+  util.deprecate(function(){}, 'except for stderr(2) and stdout(1), any other usage of DEBUG_FD is deprecated. Override debug.log if you want to use a different log function (https://git.io/debug_fd)')()
+}
+
+var stream = 1 === fd ? process.stdout :
+             2 === fd ? process.stderr :
+             createWritableStdioStream(fd);
+
+/**
+ * Is stdout a TTY? Colored output is enabled when `true`.
+ */
+
+function useColors() {
+  return 'colors' in exports.inspectOpts
+    ? Boolean(exports.inspectOpts.colors)
+    : tty.isatty(fd);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Map %o to `util.inspect()`, all on a single line.
+ */
+
+exports.formatters.o = function(v) {
+  this.inspectOpts.colors = this.useColors;
+  return util.inspect(v, this.inspectOpts)
+    .split('\n').map(function(str) {
+      return str.trim()
+    }).join(' ');
+};
+
+/**
+ * Map %o to `util.inspect()`, allowing multiple lines if needed.
+ */
+
+exports.formatters.O = function(v) {
+  this.inspectOpts.colors = this.useColors;
+  return util.inspect(v, this.inspectOpts);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Adds ANSI color escape codes if enabled.
+ *
+ * @api public
+ */
+
+function formatArgs(args) {
+  var name = this.namespace;
+  var useColors = this.useColors;
+
+  if (useColors) {
+    var c = this.color;
+    var prefix = '  \u001b[3' + c + ';1m' + name + ' ' + '\u001b[0m';
+
+    args[0] = prefix + args[0].split('\n').join('\n' + prefix);
+    args.push('\u001b[3' + c + 'm+' + exports.humanize(this.diff) + '\u001b[0m');
+  } else {
+    args[0] = new Date().toUTCString()
+      + ' ' + name + ' ' + args[0];
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Invokes `util.format()` with the specified arguments and writes to `stream`.
+ */
+
+function log() {
+  return stream.write(util.format.apply(util, arguments) + '\n');
+}
+
+/**
+ * Save `namespaces`.
+ *
+ * @param {String} namespaces
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function save(namespaces) {
+  if (null == namespaces) {
+    // If you set a process.env field to null or undefined, it gets cast to the
+    // string 'null' or 'undefined'. Just delete instead.
+    delete process.env.DEBUG;
+  } else {
+    process.env.DEBUG = namespaces;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Load `namespaces`.
+ *
+ * @return {String} returns the previously persisted debug modes
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function load() {
+  return process.env.DEBUG;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Copied from `node/src/node.js`.
+ *
+ * XXX: It's lame that node doesn't expose this API out-of-the-box. It also
+ * relies on the undocumented `tty_wrap.guessHandleType()` which is also lame.
+ */
+
+function createWritableStdioStream (fd) {
+  var stream;
+  var tty_wrap = process.binding('tty_wrap');
+
+  // Note stream._type is used for test-module-load-list.js
+
+  switch (tty_wrap.guessHandleType(fd)) {
+    case 'TTY':
+      stream = new tty.WriteStream(fd);
+      stream._type = 'tty';
+
+      // Hack to have stream not keep the event loop alive.
+      // See https://github.com/joyent/node/issues/1726
+      if (stream._handle && stream._handle.unref) {
+        stream._handle.unref();
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case 'FILE':
+      var fs = require('fs');
+      stream = new fs.SyncWriteStream(fd, { autoClose: false });
+      stream._type = 'fs';
+      break;
+
+    case 'PIPE':
+    case 'TCP':
+      var net = require('net');
+      stream = new net.Socket({
+        fd: fd,
+        readable: false,
+        writable: true
+      });
+
+      // FIXME Should probably have an option in net.Socket to create a
+      // stream from an existing fd which is writable only. But for now
+      // we'll just add this hack and set the `readable` member to false.
+      // Test: ./node test/fixtures/echo.js < /etc/passwd
+      stream.readable = false;
+      stream.read = null;
+      stream._type = 'pipe';
+
+      // FIXME Hack to have stream not keep the event loop alive.
+      // See https://github.com/joyent/node/issues/1726
+      if (stream._handle && stream._handle.unref) {
+        stream._handle.unref();
+      }
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      // Probably an error on in uv_guess_handle()
+      throw new Error('Implement me. Unknown stream file type!');
+  }
+
+  // For supporting legacy API we put the FD here.
+  stream.fd = fd;
+
+  stream._isStdio = true;
+
+  return stream;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Init logic for `debug` instances.
+ *
+ * Create a new `inspectOpts` object in case `useColors` is set
+ * differently for a particular `debug` instance.
+ */
+
+function init (debug) {
+  debug.inspectOpts = {};
+
+  var keys = Object.keys(exports.inspectOpts);
+  for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
+    debug.inspectOpts[keys[i]] = exports.inspectOpts[keys[i]];
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Enable namespaces listed in `process.env.DEBUG` initially.
+ */
+
+exports.enable(load());
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+2.0.0 / 2018-10-26
+==================
+
+  * Drop support for Node.js 0.6
+  * Replace internal `eval` usage with `Function` constructor
+  * Use instance methods on `process` to check for listeners
+
+1.1.2 / 2018-01-11
+==================
+
+  * perf: remove argument reassignment
+  * Support Node.js 0.6 to 9.x
+
+1.1.1 / 2017-07-27
+==================
+
+  * Remove unnecessary `Buffer` loading
+  * Support Node.js 0.6 to 8.x
+
+1.1.0 / 2015-09-14
+==================
+
+  * Enable strict mode in more places
+  * Support io.js 3.x
+  * Support io.js 2.x
+  * Support web browser loading
+    - Requires bundler like Browserify or webpack
+
+1.0.1 / 2015-04-07
+==================
+
+  * Fix `TypeError`s when under `'use strict'` code
+  * Fix useless type name on auto-generated messages
+  * Support io.js 1.x
+  * Support Node.js 0.12
+
+1.0.0 / 2014-09-17
+==================
+
+  * No changes
+
+0.4.5 / 2014-09-09
+==================
+
+  * Improve call speed to functions using the function wrapper
+  * Support Node.js 0.6
+
+0.4.4 / 2014-07-27
+==================
+
+  * Work-around v8 generating empty stack traces
+
+0.4.3 / 2014-07-26
+==================
+
+  * Fix exception when global `Error.stackTraceLimit` is too low
+
+0.4.2 / 2014-07-19
+==================
+
+  * Correct call site for wrapped functions and properties
+
+0.4.1 / 2014-07-19
+==================
+
+  * Improve automatic message generation for function properties
+
+0.4.0 / 2014-07-19
+==================
+
+  * Add `TRACE_DEPRECATION` environment variable
+  * Remove non-standard grey color from color output
+  * Support `--no-deprecation` argument
+  * Support `--trace-deprecation` argument
+  * Support `deprecate.property(fn, prop, message)`
+
+0.3.0 / 2014-06-16
+==================
+
+  * Add `NO_DEPRECATION` environment variable
+
+0.2.0 / 2014-06-15
+==================
+
+  * Add `deprecate.property(obj, prop, message)`
+  * Remove `supports-color` dependency for node.js 0.8
+
+0.1.0 / 2014-06-15
+==================
+
+  * Add `deprecate.function(fn, message)`
+  * Add `process.on('deprecation', fn)` emitter
+  * Automatically generate message when omitted from `deprecate()`
+
+0.0.1 / 2014-06-15
+==================
+
+  * Fix warning for dynamic calls at singe call site
+
+0.0.0 / 2014-06-15
+==================
+
+  * Initial implementation
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2014-2018 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+# depd
+
+[![NPM Version][npm-version-image]][npm-url]
+[![NPM Downloads][npm-downloads-image]][npm-url]
+[![Node.js Version][node-image]][node-url]
+[![Linux Build][travis-image]][travis-url]
+[![Windows Build][appveyor-image]][appveyor-url]
+[![Coverage Status][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
+
+Deprecate all the things
+
+> With great modules comes great responsibility; mark things deprecated!
+
+## Install
+
+This module is installed directly using `npm`:
+
+```sh
+$ npm install depd
+```
+
+This module can also be bundled with systems like
+[Browserify](http://browserify.org/) or [webpack](https://webpack.github.io/),
+though by default this module will alter it's API to no longer display or
+track deprecations.
+
+## API
+
+<!-- eslint-disable no-unused-vars -->
+
+```js
+var deprecate = require('depd')('my-module')
+```
+
+This library allows you to display deprecation messages to your users.
+This library goes above and beyond with deprecation warnings by
+introspection of the call stack (but only the bits that it is interested
+in).
+
+Instead of just warning on the first invocation of a deprecated
+function and never again, this module will warn on the first invocation
+of a deprecated function per unique call site, making it ideal to alert
+users of all deprecated uses across the code base, rather than just
+whatever happens to execute first.
+
+The deprecation warnings from this module also include the file and line
+information for the call into the module that the deprecated function was
+in.
+
+**NOTE** this library has a similar interface to the `debug` module, and
+this module uses the calling file to get the boundary for the call stacks,
+so you should always create a new `deprecate` object in each file and not
+within some central file.
+
+### depd(namespace)
+
+Create a new deprecate function that uses the given namespace name in the
+messages and will display the call site prior to the stack entering the
+file this function was called from. It is highly suggested you use the
+name of your module as the namespace.
+
+### deprecate(message)
+
+Call this function from deprecated code to display a deprecation message.
+This message will appear once per unique caller site. Caller site is the
+first call site in the stack in a different file from the caller of this
+function.
+
+If the message is omitted, a message is generated for you based on the site
+of the `deprecate()` call and will display the name of the function called,
+similar to the name displayed in a stack trace.
+
+### deprecate.function(fn, message)
+
+Call this function to wrap a given function in a deprecation message on any
+call to the function. An optional message can be supplied to provide a custom
+message.
+
+### deprecate.property(obj, prop, message)
+
+Call this function to wrap a given property on object in a deprecation message
+on any accessing or setting of the property. An optional message can be supplied
+to provide a custom message.
+
+The method must be called on the object where the property belongs (not
+inherited from the prototype).
+
+If the property is a data descriptor, it will be converted to an accessor
+descriptor in order to display the deprecation message.
+
+### process.on('deprecation', fn)
+
+This module will allow easy capturing of deprecation errors by emitting the
+errors as the type "deprecation" on the global `process`. If there are no
+listeners for this type, the errors are written to STDERR as normal, but if
+there are any listeners, nothing will be written to STDERR and instead only
+emitted. From there, you can write the errors in a different format or to a
+logging source.
+
+The error represents the deprecation and is emitted only once with the same
+rules as writing to STDERR. The error has the following properties:
+
+  - `message` - This is the message given by the library
+  - `name` - This is always `'DeprecationError'`
+  - `namespace` - This is the namespace the deprecation came from
+  - `stack` - This is the stack of the call to the deprecated thing
+
+Example `error.stack` output:
+
+```
+DeprecationError: my-cool-module deprecated oldfunction
+    at Object.<anonymous> ([eval]-wrapper:6:22)
+    at Module._compile (module.js:456:26)
+    at evalScript (node.js:532:25)
+    at startup (node.js:80:7)
+    at node.js:902:3
+```
+
+### process.env.NO_DEPRECATION
+
+As a user of modules that are deprecated, the environment variable `NO_DEPRECATION`
+is provided as a quick solution to silencing deprecation warnings from being
+output. The format of this is similar to that of `DEBUG`:
+
+```sh
+$ NO_DEPRECATION=my-module,othermod node app.js
+```
+
+This will suppress deprecations from being output for "my-module" and "othermod".
+The value is a list of comma-separated namespaces. To suppress every warning
+across all namespaces, use the value `*` for a namespace.
+
+Providing the argument `--no-deprecation` to the `node` executable will suppress
+all deprecations (only available in Node.js 0.8 or higher).
+
+**NOTE** This will not suppress the deperecations given to any "deprecation"
+event listeners, just the output to STDERR.
+
+### process.env.TRACE_DEPRECATION
+
+As a user of modules that are deprecated, the environment variable `TRACE_DEPRECATION`
+is provided as a solution to getting more detailed location information in deprecation
+warnings by including the entire stack trace. The format of this is the same as
+`NO_DEPRECATION`:
+
+```sh
+$ TRACE_DEPRECATION=my-module,othermod node app.js
+```
+
+This will include stack traces for deprecations being output for "my-module" and
+"othermod". The value is a list of comma-separated namespaces. To trace every
+warning across all namespaces, use the value `*` for a namespace.
+
+Providing the argument `--trace-deprecation` to the `node` executable will trace
+all deprecations (only available in Node.js 0.8 or higher).
+
+**NOTE** This will not trace the deperecations silenced by `NO_DEPRECATION`.
+
+## Display
+
+![message](files/message.png)
+
+When a user calls a function in your library that you mark deprecated, they
+will see the following written to STDERR (in the given colors, similar colors
+and layout to the `debug` module):
+
+```
+bright cyan    bright yellow
+|              |          reset       cyan
+|              |          |           |
+▼              ▼          ▼           ▼
+my-cool-module deprecated oldfunction [eval]-wrapper:6:22
+▲              ▲          ▲           ▲
+|              |          |           |
+namespace      |          |           location of mycoolmod.oldfunction() call
+               |          deprecation message
+               the word "deprecated"
+```
+
+If the user redirects their STDERR to a file or somewhere that does not support
+colors, they see (similar layout to the `debug` module):
+
+```
+Sun, 15 Jun 2014 05:21:37 GMT my-cool-module deprecated oldfunction at [eval]-wrapper:6:22
+▲                             ▲              ▲          ▲              ▲
+|                             |              |          |              |
+timestamp of message          namespace      |          |             location of mycoolmod.oldfunction() call
+                                             |          deprecation message
+                                             the word "deprecated"
+```
+
+## Examples
+
+### Deprecating all calls to a function
+
+This will display a deprecated message about "oldfunction" being deprecated
+from "my-module" on STDERR.
+
+```js
+var deprecate = require('depd')('my-cool-module')
+
+// message automatically derived from function name
+// Object.oldfunction
+exports.oldfunction = deprecate.function(function oldfunction () {
+  // all calls to function are deprecated
+})
+
+// specific message
+exports.oldfunction = deprecate.function(function () {
+  // all calls to function are deprecated
+}, 'oldfunction')
+```
+
+### Conditionally deprecating a function call
+
+This will display a deprecated message about "weirdfunction" being deprecated
+from "my-module" on STDERR when called with less than 2 arguments.
+
+```js
+var deprecate = require('depd')('my-cool-module')
+
+exports.weirdfunction = function () {
+  if (arguments.length < 2) {
+    // calls with 0 or 1 args are deprecated
+    deprecate('weirdfunction args < 2')
+  }
+}
+```
+
+When calling `deprecate` as a function, the warning is counted per call site
+within your own module, so you can display different deprecations depending
+on different situations and the users will still get all the warnings:
+
+```js
+var deprecate = require('depd')('my-cool-module')
+
+exports.weirdfunction = function () {
+  if (arguments.length < 2) {
+    // calls with 0 or 1 args are deprecated
+    deprecate('weirdfunction args < 2')
+  } else if (typeof arguments[0] !== 'string') {
+    // calls with non-string first argument are deprecated
+    deprecate('weirdfunction non-string first arg')
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Deprecating property access
+
+This will display a deprecated message about "oldprop" being deprecated
+from "my-module" on STDERR when accessed. A deprecation will be displayed
+when setting the value and when getting the value.
+
+```js
+var deprecate = require('depd')('my-cool-module')
+
+exports.oldprop = 'something'
+
+// message automatically derives from property name
+deprecate.property(exports, 'oldprop')
+
+// explicit message
+deprecate.property(exports, 'oldprop', 'oldprop >= 0.10')
+```
+
+## License
+
+[MIT](LICENSE)
+
+[appveyor-image]: https://badgen.net/appveyor/ci/dougwilson/nodejs-depd/master?label=windows
+[appveyor-url]: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/dougwilson/nodejs-depd
+[coveralls-image]: https://badgen.net/coveralls/c/github/dougwilson/nodejs-depd/master
+[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/dougwilson/nodejs-depd?branch=master
+[node-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/node/depd
+[node-url]: https://nodejs.org/en/download/
+[npm-downloads-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/dm/depd
+[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/depd
+[npm-version-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/v/depd
+[travis-image]: https://badgen.net/travis/dougwilson/nodejs-depd/master?label=linux
+[travis-url]: https://travis-ci.org/dougwilson/nodejs-depd
@@ -0,0 +1,538 @@
+/*!
+ * depd
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2018 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var relative = require('path').relative
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ */
+
+module.exports = depd
+
+/**
+ * Get the path to base files on.
+ */
+
+var basePath = process.cwd()
+
+/**
+ * Determine if namespace is contained in the string.
+ */
+
+function containsNamespace (str, namespace) {
+  var vals = str.split(/[ ,]+/)
+  var ns = String(namespace).toLowerCase()
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < vals.length; i++) {
+    var val = vals[i]
+
+    // namespace contained
+    if (val && (val === '*' || val.toLowerCase() === ns)) {
+      return true
+    }
+  }
+
+  return false
+}
+
+/**
+ * Convert a data descriptor to accessor descriptor.
+ */
+
+function convertDataDescriptorToAccessor (obj, prop, message) {
+  var descriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(obj, prop)
+  var value = descriptor.value
+
+  descriptor.get = function getter () { return value }
+
+  if (descriptor.writable) {
+    descriptor.set = function setter (val) { return (value = val) }
+  }
+
+  delete descriptor.value
+  delete descriptor.writable
+
+  Object.defineProperty(obj, prop, descriptor)
+
+  return descriptor
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create arguments string to keep arity.
+ */
+
+function createArgumentsString (arity) {
+  var str = ''
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < arity; i++) {
+    str += ', arg' + i
+  }
+
+  return str.substr(2)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create stack string from stack.
+ */
+
+function createStackString (stack) {
+  var str = this.name + ': ' + this.namespace
+
+  if (this.message) {
+    str += ' deprecated ' + this.message
+  }
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < stack.length; i++) {
+    str += '\n    at ' + stack[i].toString()
+  }
+
+  return str
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create deprecate for namespace in caller.
+ */
+
+function depd (namespace) {
+  if (!namespace) {
+    throw new TypeError('argument namespace is required')
+  }
+
+  var stack = getStack()
+  var site = callSiteLocation(stack[1])
+  var file = site[0]
+
+  function deprecate (message) {
+    // call to self as log
+    log.call(deprecate, message)
+  }
+
+  deprecate._file = file
+  deprecate._ignored = isignored(namespace)
+  deprecate._namespace = namespace
+  deprecate._traced = istraced(namespace)
+  deprecate._warned = Object.create(null)
+
+  deprecate.function = wrapfunction
+  deprecate.property = wrapproperty
+
+  return deprecate
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine if event emitter has listeners of a given type.
+ *
+ * The way to do this check is done three different ways in Node.js >= 0.8
+ * so this consolidates them into a minimal set using instance methods.
+ *
+ * @param {EventEmitter} emitter
+ * @param {string} type
+ * @returns {boolean}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function eehaslisteners (emitter, type) {
+  var count = typeof emitter.listenerCount !== 'function'
+    ? emitter.listeners(type).length
+    : emitter.listenerCount(type)
+
+  return count > 0
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine if namespace is ignored.
+ */
+
+function isignored (namespace) {
+  if (process.noDeprecation) {
+    // --no-deprecation support
+    return true
+  }
+
+  var str = process.env.NO_DEPRECATION || ''
+
+  // namespace ignored
+  return containsNamespace(str, namespace)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine if namespace is traced.
+ */
+
+function istraced (namespace) {
+  if (process.traceDeprecation) {
+    // --trace-deprecation support
+    return true
+  }
+
+  var str = process.env.TRACE_DEPRECATION || ''
+
+  // namespace traced
+  return containsNamespace(str, namespace)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Display deprecation message.
+ */
+
+function log (message, site) {
+  var haslisteners = eehaslisteners(process, 'deprecation')
+
+  // abort early if no destination
+  if (!haslisteners && this._ignored) {
+    return
+  }
+
+  var caller
+  var callFile
+  var callSite
+  var depSite
+  var i = 0
+  var seen = false
+  var stack = getStack()
+  var file = this._file
+
+  if (site) {
+    // provided site
+    depSite = site
+    callSite = callSiteLocation(stack[1])
+    callSite.name = depSite.name
+    file = callSite[0]
+  } else {
+    // get call site
+    i = 2
+    depSite = callSiteLocation(stack[i])
+    callSite = depSite
+  }
+
+  // get caller of deprecated thing in relation to file
+  for (; i < stack.length; i++) {
+    caller = callSiteLocation(stack[i])
+    callFile = caller[0]
+
+    if (callFile === file) {
+      seen = true
+    } else if (callFile === this._file) {
+      file = this._file
+    } else if (seen) {
+      break
+    }
+  }
+
+  var key = caller
+    ? depSite.join(':') + '__' + caller.join(':')
+    : undefined
+
+  if (key !== undefined && key in this._warned) {
+    // already warned
+    return
+  }
+
+  this._warned[key] = true
+
+  // generate automatic message from call site
+  var msg = message
+  if (!msg) {
+    msg = callSite === depSite || !callSite.name
+      ? defaultMessage(depSite)
+      : defaultMessage(callSite)
+  }
+
+  // emit deprecation if listeners exist
+  if (haslisteners) {
+    var err = DeprecationError(this._namespace, msg, stack.slice(i))
+    process.emit('deprecation', err)
+    return
+  }
+
+  // format and write message
+  var format = process.stderr.isTTY
+    ? formatColor
+    : formatPlain
+  var output = format.call(this, msg, caller, stack.slice(i))
+  process.stderr.write(output + '\n', 'utf8')
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get call site location as array.
+ */
+
+function callSiteLocation (callSite) {
+  var file = callSite.getFileName() || '<anonymous>'
+  var line = callSite.getLineNumber()
+  var colm = callSite.getColumnNumber()
+
+  if (callSite.isEval()) {
+    file = callSite.getEvalOrigin() + ', ' + file
+  }
+
+  var site = [file, line, colm]
+
+  site.callSite = callSite
+  site.name = callSite.getFunctionName()
+
+  return site
+}
+
+/**
+ * Generate a default message from the site.
+ */
+
+function defaultMessage (site) {
+  var callSite = site.callSite
+  var funcName = site.name
+
+  // make useful anonymous name
+  if (!funcName) {
+    funcName = '<anonymous@' + formatLocation(site) + '>'
+  }
+
+  var context = callSite.getThis()
+  var typeName = context && callSite.getTypeName()
+
+  // ignore useless type name
+  if (typeName === 'Object') {
+    typeName = undefined
+  }
+
+  // make useful type name
+  if (typeName === 'Function') {
+    typeName = context.name || typeName
+  }
+
+  return typeName && callSite.getMethodName()
+    ? typeName + '.' + funcName
+    : funcName
+}
+
+/**
+ * Format deprecation message without color.
+ */
+
+function formatPlain (msg, caller, stack) {
+  var timestamp = new Date().toUTCString()
+
+  var formatted = timestamp +
+    ' ' + this._namespace +
+    ' deprecated ' + msg
+
+  // add stack trace
+  if (this._traced) {
+    for (var i = 0; i < stack.length; i++) {
+      formatted += '\n    at ' + stack[i].toString()
+    }
+
+    return formatted
+  }
+
+  if (caller) {
+    formatted += ' at ' + formatLocation(caller)
+  }
+
+  return formatted
+}
+
+/**
+ * Format deprecation message with color.
+ */
+
+function formatColor (msg, caller, stack) {
+  var formatted = '\x1b[36;1m' + this._namespace + '\x1b[22;39m' + // bold cyan
+    ' \x1b[33;1mdeprecated\x1b[22;39m' + // bold yellow
+    ' \x1b[0m' + msg + '\x1b[39m' // reset
+
+  // add stack trace
+  if (this._traced) {
+    for (var i = 0; i < stack.length; i++) {
+      formatted += '\n    \x1b[36mat ' + stack[i].toString() + '\x1b[39m' // cyan
+    }
+
+    return formatted
+  }
+
+  if (caller) {
+    formatted += ' \x1b[36m' + formatLocation(caller) + '\x1b[39m' // cyan
+  }
+
+  return formatted
+}
+
+/**
+ * Format call site location.
+ */
+
+function formatLocation (callSite) {
+  return relative(basePath, callSite[0]) +
+    ':' + callSite[1] +
+    ':' + callSite[2]
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the stack as array of call sites.
+ */
+
+function getStack () {
+  var limit = Error.stackTraceLimit
+  var obj = {}
+  var prep = Error.prepareStackTrace
+
+  Error.prepareStackTrace = prepareObjectStackTrace
+  Error.stackTraceLimit = Math.max(10, limit)
+
+  // capture the stack
+  Error.captureStackTrace(obj)
+
+  // slice this function off the top
+  var stack = obj.stack.slice(1)
+
+  Error.prepareStackTrace = prep
+  Error.stackTraceLimit = limit
+
+  return stack
+}
+
+/**
+ * Capture call site stack from v8.
+ */
+
+function prepareObjectStackTrace (obj, stack) {
+  return stack
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return a wrapped function in a deprecation message.
+ */
+
+function wrapfunction (fn, message) {
+  if (typeof fn !== 'function') {
+    throw new TypeError('argument fn must be a function')
+  }
+
+  var args = createArgumentsString(fn.length)
+  var stack = getStack()
+  var site = callSiteLocation(stack[1])
+
+  site.name = fn.name
+
+  // eslint-disable-next-line no-new-func
+  var deprecatedfn = new Function('fn', 'log', 'deprecate', 'message', 'site',
+    '"use strict"\n' +
+    'return function (' + args + ') {' +
+    'log.call(deprecate, message, site)\n' +
+    'return fn.apply(this, arguments)\n' +
+    '}')(fn, log, this, message, site)
+
+  return deprecatedfn
+}
+
+/**
+ * Wrap property in a deprecation message.
+ */
+
+function wrapproperty (obj, prop, message) {
+  if (!obj || (typeof obj !== 'object' && typeof obj !== 'function')) {
+    throw new TypeError('argument obj must be object')
+  }
+
+  var descriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(obj, prop)
+
+  if (!descriptor) {
+    throw new TypeError('must call property on owner object')
+  }
+
+  if (!descriptor.configurable) {
+    throw new TypeError('property must be configurable')
+  }
+
+  var deprecate = this
+  var stack = getStack()
+  var site = callSiteLocation(stack[1])
+
+  // set site name
+  site.name = prop
+
+  // convert data descriptor
+  if ('value' in descriptor) {
+    descriptor = convertDataDescriptorToAccessor(obj, prop, message)
+  }
+
+  var get = descriptor.get
+  var set = descriptor.set
+
+  // wrap getter
+  if (typeof get === 'function') {
+    descriptor.get = function getter () {
+      log.call(deprecate, message, site)
+      return get.apply(this, arguments)
+    }
+  }
+
+  // wrap setter
+  if (typeof set === 'function') {
+    descriptor.set = function setter () {
+      log.call(deprecate, message, site)
+      return set.apply(this, arguments)
+    }
+  }
+
+  Object.defineProperty(obj, prop, descriptor)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create DeprecationError for deprecation
+ */
+
+function DeprecationError (namespace, message, stack) {
+  var error = new Error()
+  var stackString
+
+  Object.defineProperty(error, 'constructor', {
+    value: DeprecationError
+  })
+
+  Object.defineProperty(error, 'message', {
+    configurable: true,
+    enumerable: false,
+    value: message,
+    writable: true
+  })
+
+  Object.defineProperty(error, 'name', {
+    enumerable: false,
+    configurable: true,
+    value: 'DeprecationError',
+    writable: true
+  })
+
+  Object.defineProperty(error, 'namespace', {
+    configurable: true,
+    enumerable: false,
+    value: namespace,
+    writable: true
+  })
+
+  Object.defineProperty(error, 'stack', {
+    configurable: true,
+    enumerable: false,
+    get: function () {
+      if (stackString !== undefined) {
+        return stackString
+      }
+
+      // prepare stack trace
+      return (stackString = createStackString.call(this, stack))
+    },
+    set: function setter (val) {
+      stackString = val
+    }
+  })
+
+  return error
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*!
+ * depd
+ * Copyright(c) 2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+module.exports = depd
+
+/**
+ * Create deprecate for namespace in caller.
+ */
+
+function depd (namespace) {
+  if (!namespace) {
+    throw new TypeError('argument namespace is required')
+  }
+
+  function deprecate (message) {
+    // no-op in browser
+  }
+
+  deprecate._file = undefined
+  deprecate._ignored = true
+  deprecate._namespace = namespace
+  deprecate._traced = false
+  deprecate._warned = Object.create(null)
+
+  deprecate.function = wrapfunction
+  deprecate.property = wrapproperty
+
+  return deprecate
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return a wrapped function in a deprecation message.
+ *
+ * This is a no-op version of the wrapper, which does nothing but call
+ * validation.
+ */
+
+function wrapfunction (fn, message) {
+  if (typeof fn !== 'function') {
+    throw new TypeError('argument fn must be a function')
+  }
+
+  return fn
+}
+
+/**
+ * Wrap property in a deprecation message.
+ *
+ * This is a no-op version of the wrapper, which does nothing but call
+ * validation.
+ */
+
+function wrapproperty (obj, prop, message) {
+  if (!obj || (typeof obj !== 'object' && typeof obj !== 'function')) {
+    throw new TypeError('argument obj must be object')
+  }
+
+  var descriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(obj, prop)
+
+  if (!descriptor) {
+    throw new TypeError('must call property on owner object')
+  }
+
+  if (!descriptor.configurable) {
+    throw new TypeError('property must be configurable')
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+{
+  "name": "depd",
+  "description": "Deprecate all the things",
+  "version": "2.0.0",
+  "author": "Douglas Christopher Wilson <doug@somethingdoug.com>",
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "keywords": [
+    "deprecate",
+    "deprecated"
+  ],
+  "repository": "dougwilson/nodejs-depd",
+  "browser": "lib/browser/index.js",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "benchmark": "2.1.4",
+    "beautify-benchmark": "0.2.4",
+    "eslint": "5.7.0",
+    "eslint-config-standard": "12.0.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-import": "2.14.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-markdown": "1.0.0-beta.7",
+    "eslint-plugin-node": "7.0.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-promise": "4.0.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-standard": "4.0.0",
+    "istanbul": "0.4.5",
+    "mocha": "5.2.0",
+    "safe-buffer": "5.1.2",
+    "uid-safe": "2.1.5"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "lib/",
+    "History.md",
+    "LICENSE",
+    "index.js",
+    "Readme.md"
+  ],
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">= 0.8"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "bench": "node benchmark/index.js",
+    "lint": "eslint --plugin markdown --ext js,md .",
+    "test": "mocha --reporter spec --bail test/",
+    "test-ci": "istanbul cover --print=none node_modules/mocha/bin/_mocha -- --reporter spec test/ && istanbul report lcovonly text-summary",
+    "test-cov": "istanbul cover --print=none node_modules/mocha/bin/_mocha -- --reporter dot test/ && istanbul report lcov text-summary"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2014 Jonathan Ong me@jongleberry.com
+Copyright (c) 2015-2022 Douglas Christopher Wilson doug@somethingdoug.com
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+# destroy
+
+[![NPM version][npm-image]][npm-url]
+[![Build Status][github-actions-ci-image]][github-actions-ci-url]
+[![Test coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
+[![License][license-image]][license-url]
+[![Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
+
+Destroy a stream.
+
+This module is meant to ensure a stream gets destroyed, handling different APIs
+and Node.js bugs.
+
+## API
+
+```js
+var destroy = require('destroy')
+```
+
+### destroy(stream [, suppress])
+
+Destroy the given stream, and optionally suppress any future `error` events.
+
+In most cases, this is identical to a simple `stream.destroy()` call. The rules
+are as follows for a given stream:
+
+  1. If the `stream` is an instance of `ReadStream`, then call `stream.destroy()`
+     and add a listener to the `open` event to call `stream.close()` if it is
+     fired. This is for a Node.js bug that will leak a file descriptor if
+     `.destroy()` is called before `open`.
+  2. If the `stream` is an instance of a zlib stream, then call `stream.destroy()`
+     and close the underlying zlib handle if open, otherwise call `stream.close()`.
+     This is for consistency across Node.js versions and a Node.js bug that will
+     leak a native zlib handle.
+  3. If the `stream` is not an instance of `Stream`, then nothing happens.
+  4. If the `stream` has a `.destroy()` method, then call it.
+
+The function returns the `stream` passed in as the argument.
+
+## Example
+
+```js
+var destroy = require('destroy')
+
+var fs = require('fs')
+var stream = fs.createReadStream('package.json')
+
+// ... and later
+destroy(stream)
+```
+
+[npm-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/destroy.svg?style=flat-square
+[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/destroy
+[github-tag]: http://img.shields.io/github/tag/stream-utils/destroy.svg?style=flat-square
+[github-url]: https://github.com/stream-utils/destroy/tags
+[coveralls-image]: https://img.shields.io/coveralls/stream-utils/destroy.svg?style=flat-square
+[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/stream-utils/destroy?branch=master
+[license-image]: http://img.shields.io/npm/l/destroy.svg?style=flat-square
+[license-url]: LICENSE.md
+[downloads-image]: http://img.shields.io/npm/dm/destroy.svg?style=flat-square
+[downloads-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/destroy
+[github-actions-ci-image]: https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/stream-utils/destroy/ci/master?label=ci&style=flat-square
+[github-actions-ci-url]: https://github.com/stream-utils/destroy/actions/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+/*!
+ * destroy
+ * Copyright(c) 2014 Jonathan Ong
+ * Copyright(c) 2015-2022 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var EventEmitter = require('events').EventEmitter
+var ReadStream = require('fs').ReadStream
+var Stream = require('stream')
+var Zlib = require('zlib')
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+module.exports = destroy
+
+/**
+ * Destroy the given stream, and optionally suppress any future `error` events.
+ *
+ * @param {object} stream
+ * @param {boolean} suppress
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function destroy (stream, suppress) {
+  if (isFsReadStream(stream)) {
+    destroyReadStream(stream)
+  } else if (isZlibStream(stream)) {
+    destroyZlibStream(stream)
+  } else if (hasDestroy(stream)) {
+    stream.destroy()
+  }
+
+  if (isEventEmitter(stream) && suppress) {
+    stream.removeAllListeners('error')
+    stream.addListener('error', noop)
+  }
+
+  return stream
+}
+
+/**
+ * Destroy a ReadStream.
+ *
+ * @param {object} stream
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function destroyReadStream (stream) {
+  stream.destroy()
+
+  if (typeof stream.close === 'function') {
+    // node.js core bug work-around
+    stream.on('open', onOpenClose)
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Close a Zlib stream.
+ *
+ * Zlib streams below Node.js 4.5.5 have a buggy implementation
+ * of .close() when zlib encountered an error.
+ *
+ * @param {object} stream
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function closeZlibStream (stream) {
+  if (stream._hadError === true) {
+    var prop = stream._binding === null
+      ? '_binding'
+      : '_handle'
+
+    stream[prop] = {
+      close: function () { this[prop] = null }
+    }
+  }
+
+  stream.close()
+}
+
+/**
+ * Destroy a Zlib stream.
+ *
+ * Zlib streams don't have a destroy function in Node.js 6. On top of that
+ * simply calling destroy on a zlib stream in Node.js 8+ will result in a
+ * memory leak. So until that is fixed, we need to call both close AND destroy.
+ *
+ * PR to fix memory leak: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/23734
+ *
+ * In Node.js 6+8, it's important that destroy is called before close as the
+ * stream would otherwise emit the error 'zlib binding closed'.
+ *
+ * @param {object} stream
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function destroyZlibStream (stream) {
+  if (typeof stream.destroy === 'function') {
+    // node.js core bug work-around
+    // istanbul ignore if: node.js 0.8
+    if (stream._binding) {
+      // node.js < 0.10.0
+      stream.destroy()
+      if (stream._processing) {
+        stream._needDrain = true
+        stream.once('drain', onDrainClearBinding)
+      } else {
+        stream._binding.clear()
+      }
+    } else if (stream._destroy && stream._destroy !== Stream.Transform.prototype._destroy) {
+      // node.js >= 12, ^11.1.0, ^10.15.1
+      stream.destroy()
+    } else if (stream._destroy && typeof stream.close === 'function') {
+      // node.js 7, 8
+      stream.destroyed = true
+      stream.close()
+    } else {
+      // fallback
+      // istanbul ignore next
+      stream.destroy()
+    }
+  } else if (typeof stream.close === 'function') {
+    // node.js < 8 fallback
+    closeZlibStream(stream)
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine if stream has destroy.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function hasDestroy (stream) {
+  return stream instanceof Stream &&
+    typeof stream.destroy === 'function'
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine if val is EventEmitter.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function isEventEmitter (val) {
+  return val instanceof EventEmitter
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine if stream is fs.ReadStream stream.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function isFsReadStream (stream) {
+  return stream instanceof ReadStream
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine if stream is Zlib stream.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function isZlibStream (stream) {
+  return stream instanceof Zlib.Gzip ||
+    stream instanceof Zlib.Gunzip ||
+    stream instanceof Zlib.Deflate ||
+    stream instanceof Zlib.DeflateRaw ||
+    stream instanceof Zlib.Inflate ||
+    stream instanceof Zlib.InflateRaw ||
+    stream instanceof Zlib.Unzip
+}
+
+/**
+ * No-op function.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function noop () {}
+
+/**
+ * On drain handler to clear binding.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+// istanbul ignore next: node.js 0.8
+function onDrainClearBinding () {
+  this._binding.clear()
+}
+
+/**
+ * On open handler to close stream.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function onOpenClose () {
+  if (typeof this.fd === 'number') {
+    // actually close down the fd
+    this.close()
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+{
+  "name": "destroy",
+  "description": "destroy a stream if possible",
+  "version": "1.2.0",
+  "author": {
+    "name": "Jonathan Ong",
+    "email": "me@jongleberry.com",
+    "url": "http://jongleberry.com",
+    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/jongleberry"
+  },
+  "contributors": [
+    "Douglas Christopher Wilson <doug@somethingdoug.com>"
+  ],
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "repository": "stream-utils/destroy",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "eslint": "7.32.0",
+    "eslint-config-standard": "14.1.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-import": "2.25.4",
+    "eslint-plugin-node": "11.1.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-promise": "5.2.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-standard": "4.1.0",
+    "mocha": "9.2.2",
+    "nyc": "15.1.0"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">= 0.8",
+    "npm": "1.2.8000 || >= 1.4.16"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "lint": "eslint .",
+    "test": "mocha --reporter spec",
+    "test-ci": "nyc --reporter=lcovonly --reporter=text npm test",
+    "test-cov": "nyc --reporter=html --reporter=text npm test"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "index.js",
+    "LICENSE"
+  ],
+  "keywords": [
+    "stream",
+    "streams",
+    "destroy",
+    "cleanup",
+    "leak",
+    "fd"
+  ]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+	"root": true,
+
+	"extends": "@ljharb",
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# These are supported funding model platforms
+
+github: [ljharb]
+patreon: # Replace with a single Patreon username
+open_collective: # Replace with a single Open Collective username
+ko_fi: # Replace with a single Ko-fi username
+tidelift: npm/dunder-proto
+community_bridge: # Replace with a single Community Bridge project-name e.g., cloud-foundry
+liberapay: # Replace with a single Liberapay username
+issuehunt: # Replace with a single IssueHunt username
+otechie: # Replace with a single Otechie username
+custom: # Replace with up to 4 custom sponsorship URLs e.g., ['link1', 'link2']
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{
+	"all": true,
+	"check-coverage": false,
+	"reporter": ["text-summary", "text", "html", "json"],
+	"lines": 86,
+	"statements": 85.93,
+	"functions": 82.43,
+	"branches": 76.06,
+	"exclude": [
+		"coverage",
+		"test"
+	]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# Changelog
+
+All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
+
+The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/)
+and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
+
+## [v1.0.1](https://github.com/es-shims/dunder-proto/compare/v1.0.0...v1.0.1) - 2024-12-16
+
+### Commits
+
+- [Fix] do not crash when `--disable-proto=throw` [`6c367d9`](https://github.com/es-shims/dunder-proto/commit/6c367d919bc1604778689a297bbdbfea65752847)
+- [Tests] ensure noproto tests only use the current version of dunder-proto [`b02365b`](https://github.com/es-shims/dunder-proto/commit/b02365b9cf889c4a2cac7be0c3cfc90a789af36c)
+- [Dev Deps] update `@arethetypeswrong/cli`, `@types/tape` [`e3c5c3b`](https://github.com/es-shims/dunder-proto/commit/e3c5c3bd81cf8cef7dff2eca19e558f0e307f666)
+- [Deps] update `call-bind-apply-helpers` [`19f1da0`](https://github.com/es-shims/dunder-proto/commit/19f1da028b8dd0d05c85bfd8f7eed2819b686450)
+
+## v1.0.0 - 2024-12-06
+
+### Commits
+
+- Initial implementation, tests, readme, types [`a5b74b0`](https://github.com/es-shims/dunder-proto/commit/a5b74b0082f5270cb0905cd9a2e533cee7498373)
+- Initial commit [`73fb5a3`](https://github.com/es-shims/dunder-proto/commit/73fb5a353b51ac2ab00c9fdeb0114daffd4c07a8)
+- npm init [`80152dc`](https://github.com/es-shims/dunder-proto/commit/80152dc98155da4eb046d9f67a87ed96e8280a1d)
+- Only apps should have lockfiles [`03e6660`](https://github.com/es-shims/dunder-proto/commit/03e6660a1d70dc401f3e217a031475ec537243dd)
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2024 ECMAScript Shims
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+# dunder-proto <sup>[![Version Badge][npm-version-svg]][package-url]</sup>
+
+[![github actions][actions-image]][actions-url]
+[![coverage][codecov-image]][codecov-url]
+[![License][license-image]][license-url]
+[![Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
+
+[![npm badge][npm-badge-png]][package-url]
+
+If available, the `Object.prototype.__proto__` accessor and mutator, call-bound.
+
+## Getting started
+
+```sh
+npm install --save dunder-proto
+```
+
+## Usage/Examples
+
+```js
+const assert = require('assert');
+const getDunder = require('dunder-proto/get');
+const setDunder = require('dunder-proto/set');
+
+const obj = {};
+
+assert.equal('toString' in obj, true);
+assert.equal(getDunder(obj), Object.prototype);
+
+setDunder(obj, null);
+
+assert.equal('toString' in obj, false);
+assert.equal(getDunder(obj), null);
+```
+
+## Tests
+
+Clone the repo, `npm install`, and run `npm test`
+
+[package-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/dunder-proto
+[npm-version-svg]: https://versionbadg.es/es-shims/dunder-proto.svg
+[deps-svg]: https://david-dm.org/es-shims/dunder-proto.svg
+[deps-url]: https://david-dm.org/es-shims/dunder-proto
+[dev-deps-svg]: https://david-dm.org/es-shims/dunder-proto/dev-status.svg
+[dev-deps-url]: https://david-dm.org/es-shims/dunder-proto#info=devDependencies
+[npm-badge-png]: https://nodei.co/npm/dunder-proto.png?downloads=true&stars=true
+[license-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/l/dunder-proto.svg
+[license-url]: LICENSE
+[downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/dunder-proto.svg
+[downloads-url]: https://npm-stat.com/charts.html?package=dunder-proto
+[codecov-image]: https://codecov.io/gh/es-shims/dunder-proto/branch/main/graphs/badge.svg
+[codecov-url]: https://app.codecov.io/gh/es-shims/dunder-proto/
+[actions-image]: https://img.shields.io/endpoint?url=https://github-actions-badge-u3jn4tfpocch.runkit.sh/es-shims/dunder-proto
+[actions-url]: https://github.com/es-shims/dunder-proto/actions
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+declare function getDunderProto(target: {}): object | null;
+
+declare const x: false | typeof getDunderProto;
+
+export = x;
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var callBind = require('call-bind-apply-helpers');
+var gOPD = require('gopd');
+
+var hasProtoAccessor;
+try {
+	// eslint-disable-next-line no-extra-parens, no-proto
+	hasProtoAccessor = /** @type {{ __proto__?: typeof Array.prototype }} */ ([]).__proto__ === Array.prototype;
+} catch (e) {
+	if (!e || typeof e !== 'object' || !('code' in e) || e.code !== 'ERR_PROTO_ACCESS') {
+		throw e;
+	}
+}
+
+// eslint-disable-next-line no-extra-parens
+var desc = !!hasProtoAccessor && gOPD && gOPD(Object.prototype, /** @type {keyof typeof Object.prototype} */ ('__proto__'));
+
+var $Object = Object;
+var $getPrototypeOf = $Object.getPrototypeOf;
+
+/** @type {import('./get')} */
+module.exports = desc && typeof desc.get === 'function'
+	? callBind([desc.get])
+	: typeof $getPrototypeOf === 'function'
+		? /** @type {import('./get')} */ function getDunder(value) {
+			// eslint-disable-next-line eqeqeq
+			return $getPrototypeOf(value == null ? value : $Object(value));
+		}
+		: false;
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+{
+	"name": "dunder-proto",
+	"version": "1.0.1",
+	"description": "If available, the `Object.prototype.__proto__` accessor and mutator, call-bound",
+	"main": false,
+	"exports": {
+		"./get": "./get.js",
+		"./set": "./set.js",
+		"./package.json": "./package.json"
+	},
+	"sideEffects": false,
+	"scripts": {
+		"prepack": "npmignore --auto --commentLines=autogenerated",
+		"prepublish": "not-in-publish || npm run prepublishOnly",
+		"prepublishOnly": "safe-publish-latest",
+		"prelint": "evalmd README.md",
+		"lint": "eslint --ext=.js,.mjs .",
+		"postlint": "tsc -p . && attw -P",
+		"pretest": "npm run lint",
+		"tests-only": "nyc tape 'test/**/*.js'",
+		"test": "npm run tests-only",
+		"posttest": "npx npm@'>= 10.2' audit --production",
+		"version": "auto-changelog && git add CHANGELOG.md",
+		"postversion": "auto-changelog && git add CHANGELOG.md && git commit --no-edit --amend && git tag -f \"v$(node -e \"console.log(require('./package.json').version)\")\""
+	},
+	"repository": {
+		"type": "git",
+		"url": "git+https://github.com/es-shims/dunder-proto.git"
+	},
+	"author": "Jordan Harband <ljharb@gmail.com>",
+	"license": "MIT",
+	"bugs": {
+		"url": "https://github.com/es-shims/dunder-proto/issues"
+	},
+	"homepage": "https://github.com/es-shims/dunder-proto#readme",
+	"dependencies": {
+		"call-bind-apply-helpers": "^1.0.1",
+		"es-errors": "^1.3.0",
+		"gopd": "^1.2.0"
+	},
+	"devDependencies": {
+		"@arethetypeswrong/cli": "^0.17.1",
+		"@ljharb/eslint-config": "^21.1.1",
+		"@ljharb/tsconfig": "^0.2.2",
+		"@types/tape": "^5.7.0",
+		"auto-changelog": "^2.5.0",
+		"encoding": "^0.1.13",
+		"eslint": "=8.8.0",
+		"evalmd": "^0.0.19",
+		"in-publish": "^2.0.1",
+		"npmignore": "^0.3.1",
+		"nyc": "^10.3.2",
+		"safe-publish-latest": "^2.0.0",
+		"tape": "^5.9.0",
+		"typescript": "next"
+	},
+	"auto-changelog": {
+		"output": "CHANGELOG.md",
+		"template": "keepachangelog",
+		"unreleased": false,
+		"commitLimit": false,
+		"backfillLimit": false,
+		"hideCredit": true
+	},
+	"testling": {
+		"files": "test/index.js"
+	},
+	"publishConfig": {
+		"ignore": [
+			".github/workflows"
+		]
+	},
+	"engines": {
+		"node": ">= 0.4"
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+declare function setDunderProto<P extends null | object>(target: {}, proto: P): P;
+
+declare const x: false | typeof setDunderProto;
+
+export = x;
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var callBind = require('call-bind-apply-helpers');
+var gOPD = require('gopd');
+var $TypeError = require('es-errors/type');
+
+/** @type {{ __proto__?: object | null }} */
+var obj = {};
+try {
+	obj.__proto__ = null; // eslint-disable-line no-proto
+} catch (e) {
+	if (!e || typeof e !== 'object' || !('code' in e) || e.code !== 'ERR_PROTO_ACCESS') {
+		throw e;
+	}
+}
+
+var hasProtoMutator = !('toString' in obj);
+
+// eslint-disable-next-line no-extra-parens
+var desc = gOPD && gOPD(Object.prototype, /** @type {keyof typeof Object.prototype} */ ('__proto__'));
+
+/** @type {import('./set')} */
+module.exports = hasProtoMutator && (
+// eslint-disable-next-line no-extra-parens
+	(!!desc && typeof desc.set === 'function' && /** @type {import('./set')} */ (callBind([desc.set])))
+	|| /** @type {import('./set')} */ function setDunder(object, proto) {
+		// this is node v0.10 or older, which doesn't have Object.setPrototypeOf and has undeniable __proto__
+		if (object == null) { // eslint-disable-line eqeqeq
+			throw new $TypeError('set Object.prototype.__proto__ called on null or undefined');
+		}
+		// eslint-disable-next-line no-proto, no-param-reassign, no-extra-parens
+		/** @type {{ __proto__?: object | null }} */ (object).__proto__ = proto;
+		return proto;
+	}
+);
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var test = require('tape');
+
+var getDunderProto = require('../get');
+
+test('getDunderProto', { skip: !getDunderProto }, function (t) {
+	if (!getDunderProto) {
+		throw 'should never happen; this is just for type narrowing'; // eslint-disable-line no-throw-literal
+	}
+
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t['throws'](function () { getDunderProto(); }, TypeError, 'throws if no argument');
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t['throws'](function () { getDunderProto(undefined); }, TypeError, 'throws with undefined');
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t['throws'](function () { getDunderProto(null); }, TypeError, 'throws with null');
+
+	t.equal(getDunderProto({}), Object.prototype);
+	t.equal(getDunderProto([]), Array.prototype);
+	t.equal(getDunderProto(function () {}), Function.prototype);
+	t.equal(getDunderProto(/./g), RegExp.prototype);
+	t.equal(getDunderProto(42), Number.prototype);
+	t.equal(getDunderProto(true), Boolean.prototype);
+	t.equal(getDunderProto('foo'), String.prototype);
+
+	t.end();
+});
+
+test('no dunder proto', { skip: !!getDunderProto }, function (t) {
+	t.notOk('__proto__' in Object.prototype, 'no __proto__ in Object.prototype');
+
+	t.end();
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+'use strict';
+
+require('./get');
+require('./set');
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var test = require('tape');
+
+var setDunderProto = require('../set');
+
+test('setDunderProto', { skip: !setDunderProto }, function (t) {
+	if (!setDunderProto) {
+		throw 'should never happen; this is just for type narrowing'; // eslint-disable-line no-throw-literal
+	}
+
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t['throws'](function () { setDunderProto(); }, TypeError, 'throws if no arguments');
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t['throws'](function () { setDunderProto(undefined); }, TypeError, 'throws with undefined and nothing');
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t['throws'](function () { setDunderProto(undefined, undefined); }, TypeError, 'throws with undefined and undefined');
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t['throws'](function () { setDunderProto(null); }, TypeError, 'throws with null and undefined');
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t['throws'](function () { setDunderProto(null, undefined); }, TypeError, 'throws with null and undefined');
+
+	/** @type {{ inherited?: boolean }} */
+	var obj = {};
+	t.ok('toString' in obj, 'object initially has toString');
+
+	setDunderProto(obj, null);
+	t.notOk('toString' in obj, 'object no longer has toString');
+
+	t.notOk('inherited' in obj, 'object lacks inherited property');
+	setDunderProto(obj, { inherited: true });
+	t.equal(obj.inherited, true, 'object has inherited property');
+
+	t.end();
+});
+
+test('no dunder proto', { skip: !!setDunderProto }, function (t) {
+	if ('__proto__' in Object.prototype) {
+		t['throws'](
+			// @ts-expect-error
+			function () { ({}).__proto__ = null; }, // eslint-disable-line no-proto
+			Error,
+			'throws when setting Object.prototype.__proto__'
+		);
+	} else {
+		t.notOk('__proto__' in Object.prototype, 'no __proto__ in Object.prototype');
+	}
+
+	t.end();
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+	"extends": "@ljharb/tsconfig",
+	"compilerOptions": {
+		"target": "ES2021",
+	},
+	"exclude": [
+		"coverage",
+	],
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2014 Jonathan Ong me@jongleberry.com
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# EE First
+
+[![NPM version][npm-image]][npm-url]
+[![Build status][travis-image]][travis-url]
+[![Test coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
+[![License][license-image]][license-url]
+[![Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
+[![Gittip][gittip-image]][gittip-url]
+
+Get the first event in a set of event emitters and event pairs,
+then clean up after itself.
+
+## Install
+
+```sh
+$ npm install ee-first
+```
+
+## API
+
+```js
+var first = require('ee-first')
+```
+
+### first(arr, listener)
+
+Invoke `listener` on the first event from the list specified in `arr`. `arr` is
+an array of arrays, with each array in the format `[ee, ...event]`. `listener`
+will be called only once, the first time any of the given events are emitted. If
+`error` is one of the listened events, then if that fires first, the `listener`
+will be given the `err` argument.
+
+The `listener` is invoked as `listener(err, ee, event, args)`, where `err` is the
+first argument emitted from an `error` event, if applicable; `ee` is the event
+emitter that fired; `event` is the string event name that fired; and `args` is an
+array of the arguments that were emitted on the event.
+
+```js
+var ee1 = new EventEmitter()
+var ee2 = new EventEmitter()
+
+first([
+  [ee1, 'close', 'end', 'error'],
+  [ee2, 'error']
+], function (err, ee, event, args) {
+  // listener invoked
+})
+```
+
+#### .cancel()
+
+The group of listeners can be cancelled before being invoked and have all the event
+listeners removed from the underlying event emitters.
+
+```js
+var thunk = first([
+  [ee1, 'close', 'end', 'error'],
+  [ee2, 'error']
+], function (err, ee, event, args) {
+  // listener invoked
+})
+
+// cancel and clean up
+thunk.cancel()
+```
+
+[npm-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/ee-first.svg?style=flat-square
+[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/ee-first
+[github-tag]: http://img.shields.io/github/tag/jonathanong/ee-first.svg?style=flat-square
+[github-url]: https://github.com/jonathanong/ee-first/tags
+[travis-image]: https://img.shields.io/travis/jonathanong/ee-first.svg?style=flat-square
+[travis-url]: https://travis-ci.org/jonathanong/ee-first
+[coveralls-image]: https://img.shields.io/coveralls/jonathanong/ee-first.svg?style=flat-square
+[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/jonathanong/ee-first?branch=master
+[license-image]: http://img.shields.io/npm/l/ee-first.svg?style=flat-square
+[license-url]: LICENSE.md
+[downloads-image]: http://img.shields.io/npm/dm/ee-first.svg?style=flat-square
+[downloads-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/ee-first
+[gittip-image]: https://img.shields.io/gittip/jonathanong.svg?style=flat-square
+[gittip-url]: https://www.gittip.com/jonathanong/
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*!
+ * ee-first
+ * Copyright(c) 2014 Jonathan Ong
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+module.exports = first
+
+/**
+ * Get the first event in a set of event emitters and event pairs.
+ *
+ * @param {array} stuff
+ * @param {function} done
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function first(stuff, done) {
+  if (!Array.isArray(stuff))
+    throw new TypeError('arg must be an array of [ee, events...] arrays')
+
+  var cleanups = []
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < stuff.length; i++) {
+    var arr = stuff[i]
+
+    if (!Array.isArray(arr) || arr.length < 2)
+      throw new TypeError('each array member must be [ee, events...]')
+
+    var ee = arr[0]
+
+    for (var j = 1; j < arr.length; j++) {
+      var event = arr[j]
+      var fn = listener(event, callback)
+
+      // listen to the event
+      ee.on(event, fn)
+      // push this listener to the list of cleanups
+      cleanups.push({
+        ee: ee,
+        event: event,
+        fn: fn,
+      })
+    }
+  }
+
+  function callback() {
+    cleanup()
+    done.apply(null, arguments)
+  }
+
+  function cleanup() {
+    var x
+    for (var i = 0; i < cleanups.length; i++) {
+      x = cleanups[i]
+      x.ee.removeListener(x.event, x.fn)
+    }
+  }
+
+  function thunk(fn) {
+    done = fn
+  }
+
+  thunk.cancel = cleanup
+
+  return thunk
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create the event listener.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function listener(event, done) {
+  return function onevent(arg1) {
+    var args = new Array(arguments.length)
+    var ee = this
+    var err = event === 'error'
+      ? arg1
+      : null
+
+    // copy args to prevent arguments escaping scope
+    for (var i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
+      args[i] = arguments[i]
+    }
+
+    done(err, ee, event, args)
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+{
+  "name": "ee-first",
+  "description": "return the first event in a set of ee/event pairs",
+  "version": "1.1.1",
+  "author": {
+    "name": "Jonathan Ong",
+    "email": "me@jongleberry.com",
+    "url": "http://jongleberry.com",
+    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/jongleberry"
+  },
+  "contributors": [
+    "Douglas Christopher Wilson <doug@somethingdoug.com>"
+  ],
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "repository": "jonathanong/ee-first",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "istanbul": "0.3.9",
+    "mocha": "2.2.5"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "index.js",
+    "LICENSE"
+  ],
+  "scripts": {
+    "test": "mocha --reporter spec --bail --check-leaks test/",
+    "test-cov": "istanbul cover node_modules/mocha/bin/_mocha -- --reporter dot --check-leaks test/",
+    "test-travis": "istanbul cover node_modules/mocha/bin/_mocha --report lcovonly -- --reporter spec --check-leaks test/"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2016 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+# Encode URL
+
+Encode a URL to a percent-encoded form, excluding already-encoded sequences.
+
+## Installation
+
+```sh
+npm install encodeurl
+```
+
+## API
+
+```js
+var encodeUrl = require('encodeurl')
+```
+
+### encodeUrl(url)
+
+Encode a URL to a percent-encoded form, excluding already-encoded sequences.
+
+This function accepts a URL and encodes all the non-URL code points (as UTF-8 byte sequences). It will not encode the "%" character unless it is not part of a valid sequence (`%20` will be left as-is, but `%foo` will be encoded as `%25foo`).
+
+This encode is meant to be "safe" and does not throw errors. It will try as hard as it can to properly encode the given URL, including replacing any raw, unpaired surrogate pairs with the Unicode replacement character prior to encoding.
+
+## Examples
+
+### Encode a URL containing user-controlled data
+
+```js
+var encodeUrl = require('encodeurl')
+var escapeHtml = require('escape-html')
+
+http.createServer(function onRequest (req, res) {
+  // get encoded form of inbound url
+  var url = encodeUrl(req.url)
+
+  // create html message
+  var body = '<p>Location ' + escapeHtml(url) + ' not found</p>'
+
+  // send a 404
+  res.statusCode = 404
+  res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/html; charset=UTF-8')
+  res.setHeader('Content-Length', String(Buffer.byteLength(body, 'utf-8')))
+  res.end(body, 'utf-8')
+})
+```
+
+### Encode a URL for use in a header field
+
+```js
+var encodeUrl = require('encodeurl')
+var escapeHtml = require('escape-html')
+var url = require('url')
+
+http.createServer(function onRequest (req, res) {
+  // parse inbound url
+  var href = url.parse(req)
+
+  // set new host for redirect
+  href.host = 'localhost'
+  href.protocol = 'https:'
+  href.slashes = true
+
+  // create location header
+  var location = encodeUrl(url.format(href))
+
+  // create html message
+  var body = '<p>Redirecting to new site: ' + escapeHtml(location) + '</p>'
+
+  // send a 301
+  res.statusCode = 301
+  res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/html; charset=UTF-8')
+  res.setHeader('Content-Length', String(Buffer.byteLength(body, 'utf-8')))
+  res.setHeader('Location', location)
+  res.end(body, 'utf-8')
+})
+```
+
+## Similarities
+
+This function is _similar_ to the intrinsic function `encodeURI`. However, it will not encode:
+
+* The `\`, `^`, or `|` characters
+* The `%` character when it's part of a valid sequence
+* `[` and `]` (for IPv6 hostnames)
+* Replaces raw, unpaired surrogate pairs with the Unicode replacement character
+
+As a result, the encoding aligns closely with the behavior in the [WHATWG URL specification][whatwg-url]. However, this package only encodes strings and does not do any URL parsing or formatting.
+
+It is expected that any output from `new URL(url)` will not change when used with this package, as the output has already been encoded. Additionally, if we were to encode before `new URL(url)`, we do not expect the before and after encoded formats to be parsed any differently.
+
+## Testing
+
+```sh
+$ npm test
+$ npm run lint
+```
+
+## References
+
+- [RFC 3986: Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax][rfc-3986]
+- [WHATWG URL Living Standard][whatwg-url]
+
+[rfc-3986]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986
+[whatwg-url]: https://url.spec.whatwg.org/
+
+## License
+
+[MIT](LICENSE)
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*!
+ * encodeurl
+ * Copyright(c) 2016 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+module.exports = encodeUrl
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match non-URL code points, *after* encoding (i.e. not including "%")
+ * and including invalid escape sequences.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var ENCODE_CHARS_REGEXP = /(?:[^\x21\x23-\x3B\x3D\x3F-\x5F\x61-\x7A\x7C\x7E]|%(?:[^0-9A-Fa-f]|[0-9A-Fa-f][^0-9A-Fa-f]|$))+/g
+
+/**
+ * RegExp to match unmatched surrogate pair.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var UNMATCHED_SURROGATE_PAIR_REGEXP = /(^|[^\uD800-\uDBFF])[\uDC00-\uDFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF]([^\uDC00-\uDFFF]|$)/g
+
+/**
+ * String to replace unmatched surrogate pair with.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var UNMATCHED_SURROGATE_PAIR_REPLACE = '$1\uFFFD$2'
+
+/**
+ * Encode a URL to a percent-encoded form, excluding already-encoded sequences.
+ *
+ * This function will take an already-encoded URL and encode all the non-URL
+ * code points. This function will not encode the "%" character unless it is
+ * not part of a valid sequence (`%20` will be left as-is, but `%foo` will
+ * be encoded as `%25foo`).
+ *
+ * This encode is meant to be "safe" and does not throw errors. It will try as
+ * hard as it can to properly encode the given URL, including replacing any raw,
+ * unpaired surrogate pairs with the Unicode replacement character prior to
+ * encoding.
+ *
+ * @param {string} url
+ * @return {string}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function encodeUrl (url) {
+  return String(url)
+    .replace(UNMATCHED_SURROGATE_PAIR_REGEXP, UNMATCHED_SURROGATE_PAIR_REPLACE)
+    .replace(ENCODE_CHARS_REGEXP, encodeURI)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "encodeurl",
+  "description": "Encode a URL to a percent-encoded form, excluding already-encoded sequences",
+  "version": "2.0.0",
+  "contributors": [
+    "Douglas Christopher Wilson <doug@somethingdoug.com>"
+  ],
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "keywords": [
+    "encode",
+    "encodeurl",
+    "url"
+  ],
+  "repository": "pillarjs/encodeurl",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "eslint": "5.11.1",
+    "eslint-config-standard": "12.0.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-import": "2.14.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-node": "7.0.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-promise": "4.0.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-standard": "4.0.0",
+    "istanbul": "0.4.5",
+    "mocha": "2.5.3"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "LICENSE",
+    "HISTORY.md",
+    "README.md",
+    "index.js"
+  ],
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">= 0.8"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "lint": "eslint .",
+    "test": "mocha --reporter spec --bail --check-leaks test/",
+    "test-cov": "istanbul cover node_modules/mocha/bin/_mocha -- --reporter dot --check-leaks test/",
+    "test-travis": "istanbul cover node_modules/mocha/bin/_mocha --report lcovonly -- --reporter spec --check-leaks test/"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{
+	"root": true,
+
+	"extends": "@ljharb",
+
+	"rules": {
+		"new-cap": ["error", {
+			"capIsNewExceptions": [
+				"GetIntrinsic",
+			],
+		}],
+	},
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# These are supported funding model platforms
+
+github: [ljharb]
+patreon: # Replace with a single Patreon username
+open_collective: # Replace with a single Open Collective username
+ko_fi: # Replace with a single Ko-fi username
+tidelift: npm/es-define-property
+community_bridge: # Replace with a single Community Bridge project-name e.g., cloud-foundry
+liberapay: # Replace with a single Liberapay username
+issuehunt: # Replace with a single IssueHunt username
+otechie: # Replace with a single Otechie username
+custom: # Replace with a single custom sponsorship URL
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+	"all": true,
+	"check-coverage": false,
+	"reporter": ["text-summary", "text", "html", "json"],
+	"exclude": [
+		"coverage",
+		"test"
+	]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Changelog
+
+All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
+
+The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/)
+and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
+
+## [v1.0.1](https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/compare/v1.0.0...v1.0.1) - 2024-12-06
+
+### Commits
+
+- [types] use shared tsconfig [`954a663`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/commit/954a66360326e508a0e5daa4b07493d58f5e110e)
+- [actions] split out node 10-20, and 20+ [`3a8e84b`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/commit/3a8e84b23883f26ff37b3e82ff283834228e18c6)
+- [Dev Deps] update `@ljharb/eslint-config`, `@ljharb/tsconfig`, `@types/get-intrinsic`, `@types/tape`, `auto-changelog`, `gopd`, `tape` [`86ae27b`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/commit/86ae27bb8cc857b23885136fad9cbe965ae36612)
+- [Refactor] avoid using `get-intrinsic` [`02480c0`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/commit/02480c0353ef6118965282977c3864aff53d98b1)
+- [Tests] replace `aud` with `npm audit` [`f6093ff`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/commit/f6093ff74ab51c98015c2592cd393bd42478e773)
+- [Tests] configure testling [`7139e66`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/commit/7139e66959247a56086d9977359caef27c6849e7)
+- [Dev Deps] update `tape` [`b901b51`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/commit/b901b511a75e001a40ce1a59fef7d9ffcfc87482)
+- [Tests] fix types in tests [`469d269`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/commit/469d269fd141b1e773ec053a9fa35843493583e0)
+- [Dev Deps] add missing peer dep [`733acfb`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/commit/733acfb0c4c96edf337e470b89a25a5b3724c352)
+
+## v1.0.0 - 2024-02-12
+
+### Commits
+
+- Initial implementation, tests, readme, types [`3e154e1`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/commit/3e154e11a2fee09127220f5e503bf2c0a31dd480)
+- Initial commit [`07d98de`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/commit/07d98de34a4dc31ff5e83a37c0c3f49e0d85cd50)
+- npm init [`c4eb634`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/commit/c4eb6348b0d3886aac36cef34ad2ee0665ea6f3e)
+- Only apps should have lockfiles [`7af86ec`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/commit/7af86ec1d311ec0b17fdfe616a25f64276903856)
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2024 Jordan Harband
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# es-define-property <sup>[![Version Badge][npm-version-svg]][package-url]</sup>
+
+[![github actions][actions-image]][actions-url]
+[![coverage][codecov-image]][codecov-url]
+[![License][license-image]][license-url]
+[![Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
+
+[![npm badge][npm-badge-png]][package-url]
+
+`Object.defineProperty`, but not IE 8's broken one.
+
+## Example
+
+```js
+const assert = require('assert');
+
+const $defineProperty = require('es-define-property');
+
+if ($defineProperty) {
+    assert.equal($defineProperty, Object.defineProperty);
+} else if (Object.defineProperty) {
+    assert.equal($defineProperty, false, 'this is IE 8');
+} else {
+    assert.equal($defineProperty, false, 'this is an ES3 engine');
+}
+```
+
+## Tests
+Simply clone the repo, `npm install`, and run `npm test`
+
+## Security
+
+Please email [@ljharb](https://github.com/ljharb) or see https://tidelift.com/security if you have a potential security vulnerability to report.
+
+[package-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/es-define-property
+[npm-version-svg]: https://versionbadg.es/ljharb/es-define-property.svg
+[deps-svg]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/es-define-property.svg
+[deps-url]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/es-define-property
+[dev-deps-svg]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/es-define-property/dev-status.svg
+[dev-deps-url]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/es-define-property#info=devDependencies
+[npm-badge-png]: https://nodei.co/npm/es-define-property.png?downloads=true&stars=true
+[license-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/l/es-define-property.svg
+[license-url]: LICENSE
+[downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/es-define-property.svg
+[downloads-url]: https://npm-stat.com/charts.html?package=es-define-property
+[codecov-image]: https://codecov.io/gh/ljharb/es-define-property/branch/main/graphs/badge.svg
+[codecov-url]: https://app.codecov.io/gh/ljharb/es-define-property/
+[actions-image]: https://img.shields.io/endpoint?url=https://github-actions-badge-u3jn4tfpocch.runkit.sh/ljharb/es-define-property
+[actions-url]: https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/actions
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+declare const defineProperty: false | typeof Object.defineProperty;
+
+export = defineProperty;
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/** @type {import('.')} */
+var $defineProperty = Object.defineProperty || false;
+if ($defineProperty) {
+	try {
+		$defineProperty({}, 'a', { value: 1 });
+	} catch (e) {
+		// IE 8 has a broken defineProperty
+		$defineProperty = false;
+	}
+}
+
+module.exports = $defineProperty;
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+{
+	"name": "es-define-property",
+	"version": "1.0.1",
+	"description": "`Object.defineProperty`, but not IE 8's broken one.",
+	"main": "index.js",
+	"types": "./index.d.ts",
+	"exports": {
+		".": "./index.js",
+		"./package.json": "./package.json"
+	},
+	"sideEffects": false,
+	"scripts": {
+		"prepack": "npmignore --auto --commentLines=autogenerated",
+		"prepublish": "not-in-publish || npm run prepublishOnly",
+		"prepublishOnly": "safe-publish-latest",
+		"prelint": "evalmd README.md",
+		"lint": "eslint --ext=js,mjs .",
+		"postlint": "tsc -p .",
+		"pretest": "npm run lint",
+		"tests-only": "nyc tape 'test/**/*.js'",
+		"test": "npm run tests-only",
+		"posttest": "npx npm@'>= 10.2' audit --production",
+		"version": "auto-changelog && git add CHANGELOG.md",
+		"postversion": "auto-changelog && git add CHANGELOG.md && git commit --no-edit --amend && git tag -f \"v$(node -e \"console.log(require('./package.json').version)\")\""
+	},
+	"repository": {
+		"type": "git",
+		"url": "git+https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property.git"
+	},
+	"keywords": [
+		"javascript",
+		"ecmascript",
+		"object",
+		"define",
+		"property",
+		"defineProperty",
+		"Object.defineProperty"
+	],
+	"author": "Jordan Harband <ljharb@gmail.com>",
+	"license": "MIT",
+	"bugs": {
+		"url": "https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property/issues"
+	},
+	"homepage": "https://github.com/ljharb/es-define-property#readme",
+	"devDependencies": {
+		"@ljharb/eslint-config": "^21.1.1",
+		"@ljharb/tsconfig": "^0.2.2",
+		"@types/gopd": "^1.0.3",
+		"@types/tape": "^5.6.5",
+		"auto-changelog": "^2.5.0",
+		"encoding": "^0.1.13",
+		"eslint": "^8.8.0",
+		"evalmd": "^0.0.19",
+		"gopd": "^1.2.0",
+		"in-publish": "^2.0.1",
+		"npmignore": "^0.3.1",
+		"nyc": "^10.3.2",
+		"safe-publish-latest": "^2.0.0",
+		"tape": "^5.9.0",
+		"typescript": "next"
+	},
+	"engines": {
+		"node": ">= 0.4"
+	},
+	"testling": {
+		"files": "test/index.js"
+	},
+	"auto-changelog": {
+		"output": "CHANGELOG.md",
+		"template": "keepachangelog",
+		"unreleased": false,
+		"commitLimit": false,
+		"backfillLimit": false,
+		"hideCredit": true
+	},
+	"publishConfig": {
+		"ignore": [
+			".github/workflows"
+		]
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var $defineProperty = require('../');
+
+var test = require('tape');
+var gOPD = require('gopd');
+
+test('defineProperty: supported', { skip: !$defineProperty }, function (t) {
+	t.plan(4);
+
+	t.equal(typeof $defineProperty, 'function', 'defineProperty is supported');
+	if ($defineProperty && gOPD) { // this `if` check is just to shut TS up
+		/** @type {{ a: number, b?: number, c?: number }} */
+		var o = { a: 1 };
+
+		$defineProperty(o, 'b', { enumerable: true, value: 2 });
+		t.deepEqual(
+			gOPD(o, 'b'),
+			{
+				configurable: false,
+				enumerable: true,
+				value: 2,
+				writable: false
+			},
+			'property descriptor is as expected'
+		);
+
+		$defineProperty(o, 'c', { enumerable: false, value: 3, writable: true });
+		t.deepEqual(
+			gOPD(o, 'c'),
+			{
+				configurable: false,
+				enumerable: false,
+				value: 3,
+				writable: true
+			},
+			'property descriptor is as expected'
+		);
+	}
+
+	t.equal($defineProperty, Object.defineProperty, 'defineProperty is Object.defineProperty');
+
+	t.end();
+});
+
+test('defineProperty: not supported', { skip: !!$defineProperty }, function (t) {
+	t.notOk($defineProperty, 'defineProperty is not supported');
+
+	t.match(
+		typeof $defineProperty,
+		/^(?:undefined|boolean)$/,
+		'`typeof defineProperty` is `undefined` or `boolean`'
+	);
+
+	t.end();
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+	"extends": "@ljharb/tsconfig",
+	"compilerOptions": {
+		"target": "es2022",
+	},
+	"exclude": [
+		"coverage",
+		"test/list-exports"
+	],
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+	"root": true,
+
+	"extends": "@ljharb",
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# These are supported funding model platforms
+
+github: [ljharb]
+patreon: # Replace with a single Patreon username
+open_collective: # Replace with a single Open Collective username
+ko_fi: # Replace with a single Ko-fi username
+tidelift: npm/es-errors
+community_bridge: # Replace with a single Community Bridge project-name e.g., cloud-foundry
+liberapay: # Replace with a single Liberapay username
+issuehunt: # Replace with a single IssueHunt username
+otechie: # Replace with a single Otechie username
+custom: # Replace with a single custom sponsorship URL
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Changelog
+
+All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
+
+The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/)
+and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
+
+## [v1.3.0](https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/compare/v1.2.1...v1.3.0) - 2024-02-05
+
+### Commits
+
+- [New] add `EvalError` and `URIError` [`1927627`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/commit/1927627ba68cb6c829d307231376c967db53acdf)
+
+## [v1.2.1](https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/compare/v1.2.0...v1.2.1) - 2024-02-04
+
+### Commits
+
+- [Fix] add missing `exports` entry [`5bb5f28`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/commit/5bb5f280f98922701109d6ebb82eea2257cecc7e)
+
+## [v1.2.0](https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/compare/v1.1.0...v1.2.0) - 2024-02-04
+
+### Commits
+
+- [New] add `ReferenceError` [`6d8cf5b`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/commit/6d8cf5bbb6f3f598d02cf6f30e468ba2caa8e143)
+
+## [v1.1.0](https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/compare/v1.0.0...v1.1.0) - 2024-02-04
+
+### Commits
+
+- [New] add base Error [`2983ab6`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/commit/2983ab65f7bc5441276cb021dc3aa03c78881698)
+
+## v1.0.0 - 2024-02-03
+
+### Commits
+
+- Initial implementation, tests, readme, type [`8f47631`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/commit/8f476317e9ad76f40ad648081829b1a1a3a1288b)
+- Initial commit [`ea5d099`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/commit/ea5d099ef18e550509ab9e2be000526afd81c385)
+- npm init [`6f5ebf9`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/commit/6f5ebf9cead474dadd72b9e63dad315820a089ae)
+- Only apps should have lockfiles [`e1a0aeb`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/commit/e1a0aeb7b80f5cfc56be54d6b2100e915d47def8)
+- [meta] add `sideEffects` flag [`a9c7d46`](https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/commit/a9c7d460a492f1d8a241c836bc25a322a19cc043)
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2024 Jordan Harband
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# es-errors <sup>[![Version Badge][npm-version-svg]][package-url]</sup>
+
+[![github actions][actions-image]][actions-url]
+[![coverage][codecov-image]][codecov-url]
+[![License][license-image]][license-url]
+[![Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
+
+[![npm badge][npm-badge-png]][package-url]
+
+A simple cache for a few of the JS Error constructors.
+
+## Example
+
+```js
+const assert = require('assert');
+
+const Base = require('es-errors');
+const Eval = require('es-errors/eval');
+const Range = require('es-errors/range');
+const Ref = require('es-errors/ref');
+const Syntax = require('es-errors/syntax');
+const Type = require('es-errors/type');
+const URI = require('es-errors/uri');
+
+assert.equal(Base, Error);
+assert.equal(Eval, EvalError);
+assert.equal(Range, RangeError);
+assert.equal(Ref, ReferenceError);
+assert.equal(Syntax, SyntaxError);
+assert.equal(Type, TypeError);
+assert.equal(URI, URIError);
+```
+
+## Tests
+Simply clone the repo, `npm install`, and run `npm test`
+
+## Security
+
+Please email [@ljharb](https://github.com/ljharb) or see https://tidelift.com/security if you have a potential security vulnerability to report.
+
+[package-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/es-errors
+[npm-version-svg]: https://versionbadg.es/ljharb/es-errors.svg
+[deps-svg]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/es-errors.svg
+[deps-url]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/es-errors
+[dev-deps-svg]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/es-errors/dev-status.svg
+[dev-deps-url]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/es-errors#info=devDependencies
+[npm-badge-png]: https://nodei.co/npm/es-errors.png?downloads=true&stars=true
+[license-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/l/es-errors.svg
+[license-url]: LICENSE
+[downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/es-errors.svg
+[downloads-url]: https://npm-stat.com/charts.html?package=es-errors
+[codecov-image]: https://codecov.io/gh/ljharb/es-errors/branch/main/graphs/badge.svg
+[codecov-url]: https://app.codecov.io/gh/ljharb/es-errors/
+[actions-image]: https://img.shields.io/endpoint?url=https://github-actions-badge-u3jn4tfpocch.runkit.sh/ljharb/es-errors
+[actions-url]: https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/actions
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+declare const EvalError: EvalErrorConstructor;
+
+export = EvalError;
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/** @type {import('./eval')} */
+module.exports = EvalError;
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+declare const Error: ErrorConstructor;
+
+export = Error;
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/** @type {import('.')} */
+module.exports = Error;
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+{
+	"name": "es-errors",
+	"version": "1.3.0",
+	"description": "A simple cache for a few of the JS Error constructors.",
+	"main": "index.js",
+	"exports": {
+		".": "./index.js",
+		"./eval": "./eval.js",
+		"./range": "./range.js",
+		"./ref": "./ref.js",
+		"./syntax": "./syntax.js",
+		"./type": "./type.js",
+		"./uri": "./uri.js",
+		"./package.json": "./package.json"
+	},
+	"sideEffects": false,
+	"scripts": {
+		"prepack": "npmignore --auto --commentLines=autogenerated",
+		"prepublishOnly": "safe-publish-latest",
+		"prepublish": "not-in-publish || npm run prepublishOnly",
+		"pretest": "npm run lint",
+		"test": "npm run tests-only",
+		"tests-only": "nyc tape 'test/**/*.js'",
+		"posttest": "aud --production",
+		"prelint": "evalmd README.md",
+		"lint": "eslint --ext=js,mjs .",
+		"postlint": "tsc -p . && eclint check $(git ls-files | xargs find 2> /dev/null | grep -vE 'node_modules|\\.git' | grep -v dist/)",
+		"version": "auto-changelog && git add CHANGELOG.md",
+		"postversion": "auto-changelog && git add CHANGELOG.md && git commit --no-edit --amend && git tag -f \"v$(node -e \"console.log(require('./package.json').version)\")\""
+	},
+	"repository": {
+		"type": "git",
+		"url": "git+https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors.git"
+	},
+	"keywords": [
+		"javascript",
+		"ecmascript",
+		"error",
+		"typeerror",
+		"syntaxerror",
+		"rangeerror"
+	],
+	"author": "Jordan Harband <ljharb@gmail.com>",
+	"license": "MIT",
+	"bugs": {
+		"url": "https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors/issues"
+	},
+	"homepage": "https://github.com/ljharb/es-errors#readme",
+	"devDependencies": {
+		"@ljharb/eslint-config": "^21.1.0",
+		"@types/tape": "^5.6.4",
+		"aud": "^2.0.4",
+		"auto-changelog": "^2.4.0",
+		"eclint": "^2.8.1",
+		"eslint": "^8.8.0",
+		"evalmd": "^0.0.19",
+		"in-publish": "^2.0.1",
+		"npmignore": "^0.3.1",
+		"nyc": "^10.3.2",
+		"safe-publish-latest": "^2.0.0",
+		"tape": "^5.7.4",
+		"typescript": "next"
+	},
+	"auto-changelog": {
+		"output": "CHANGELOG.md",
+		"template": "keepachangelog",
+		"unreleased": false,
+		"commitLimit": false,
+		"backfillLimit": false,
+		"hideCredit": true
+	},
+	"publishConfig": {
+		"ignore": [
+			".github/workflows"
+		]
+	},
+	"engines": {
+		"node": ">= 0.4"
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+declare const RangeError: RangeErrorConstructor;
+
+export = RangeError;
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/** @type {import('./range')} */
+module.exports = RangeError;
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+declare const ReferenceError: ReferenceErrorConstructor;
+
+export = ReferenceError;
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/** @type {import('./ref')} */
+module.exports = ReferenceError;
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+declare const SyntaxError: SyntaxErrorConstructor;
+
+export = SyntaxError;
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/** @type {import('./syntax')} */
+module.exports = SyntaxError;
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var test = require('tape');
+
+var E = require('../');
+var R = require('../range');
+var Ref = require('../ref');
+var S = require('../syntax');
+var T = require('../type');
+
+test('errors', function (t) {
+	t.equal(E, Error);
+	t.equal(R, RangeError);
+	t.equal(Ref, ReferenceError);
+	t.equal(S, SyntaxError);
+	t.equal(T, TypeError);
+
+	t.end();
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+{
+	"compilerOptions": {
+		/* Visit https://aka.ms/tsconfig.json to read more about this file */
+
+		/* Projects */
+
+		/* Language and Environment */
+		"target": "es5",																	/* Set the JavaScript language version for emitted JavaScript and include compatible library declarations. */
+		// "lib": [],																				/* Specify a set of bundled library declaration files that describe the target runtime environment. */
+		// "noLib": true,																		/* Disable including any library files, including the default lib.d.ts. */
+		"useDefineForClassFields": true,										 /* Emit ECMAScript-standard-compliant class fields. */
+		// "moduleDetection": "auto",												/* Control what method is used to detect module-format JS files. */
+
+		/* Modules */
+		"module": "commonjs",																/* Specify what module code is generated. */
+		// "rootDir": "./",																	/* Specify the root folder within your source files. */
+		// "moduleResolution": "node",											 /* Specify how TypeScript looks up a file from a given module specifier. */
+		// "baseUrl": "./",																	/* Specify the base directory to resolve non-relative module names. */
+		// "paths": {},																			/* Specify a set of entries that re-map imports to additional lookup locations. */
+		// "rootDirs": [],																	 /* Allow multiple folders to be treated as one when resolving modules. */
+		// "typeRoots": ["types"],													 /* Specify multiple folders that act like `./node_modules/@types`. */
+		"resolveJsonModule": true,													 /* Enable importing .json files. */
+		// "allowArbitraryExtensions": true,								 /* Enable importing files with any extension, provided a declaration file is present. */
+
+		/* JavaScript Support */
+		"allowJs": true,																		 /* Allow JavaScript files to be a part of your program. Use the `checkJS` option to get errors from these files. */
+		"checkJs": true,																		 /* Enable error reporting in type-checked JavaScript files. */
+		"maxNodeModuleJsDepth": 1,													 /* Specify the maximum folder depth used for checking JavaScript files from `node_modules`. Only applicable with `allowJs`. */
+
+		/* Emit */
+		"declaration": true,																 /* Generate .d.ts files from TypeScript and JavaScript files in your project. */
+		"declarationMap": true,															/* Create sourcemaps for d.ts files. */
+		"noEmit": true,																			/* Disable emitting files from a compilation. */
+
+		/* Interop Constraints */
+		"allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,								/* Allow `import x from y` when a module doesn't have a default export. */
+		"esModuleInterop": true,														 /* Emit additional JavaScript to ease support for importing CommonJS modules. This enables `allowSyntheticDefaultImports` for type compatibility. */
+		"forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true,						/* Ensure that casing is correct in imports. */
+
+		/* Type Checking */
+		"strict": true,																			/* Enable all strict type-checking options. */
+
+		/* Completeness */
+		// "skipLibCheck": true															/* Skip type checking all .d.ts files. */
+	},
+	"exclude": [
+		"coverage",
+	],
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+declare const TypeError: TypeErrorConstructor
+
+export = TypeError;
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/** @type {import('./type')} */
+module.exports = TypeError;
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+declare const URIError: URIErrorConstructor;
+
+export = URIError;
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/** @type {import('./uri')} */
+module.exports = URIError;
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+{
+	"root": true,
+
+	"extends": "@ljharb",
+
+	"rules": {
+		"eqeqeq": ["error", "allow-null"],
+		"id-length": "off",
+		"new-cap": ["error", {
+			"capIsNewExceptions": [
+				"RequireObjectCoercible",
+				"ToObject",
+			],
+		}],
+	},
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# These are supported funding model platforms
+
+github: [ljharb]
+patreon: # Replace with a single Patreon username
+open_collective: # Replace with a single Open Collective username
+ko_fi: # Replace with a single Ko-fi username
+tidelift: npm/es-object
+community_bridge: # Replace with a single Community Bridge project-name e.g., cloud-foundry
+liberapay: # Replace with a single Liberapay username
+issuehunt: # Replace with a single IssueHunt username
+otechie: # Replace with a single Otechie username
+custom: # Replace with a single custom sponsorship URL
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# Changelog
+
+All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
+
+The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/)
+and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
+
+## [v1.1.2](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/compare/v1.1.1...v1.1.2) - 2026-05-22
+
+### Commits
+
+- [Dev Deps] update `@ljharb/eslint-config`, `@ljharb/tsconfig`, `auto-changelog`, `eslint`, `npmignore` [`41e3d94`](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/commit/41e3d94f6b49237fa490ec598e068f170c8b161e)
+- [types] improve `isObject` type [`758edc2`](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/commit/758edc2280fa6993a294a55957a43cee5951bf51)
+
+## [v1.1.1](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/compare/v1.1.0...v1.1.1) - 2025-01-14
+
+### Commits
+
+- [types] `ToObject`: improve types [`cfe8c8a`](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/commit/cfe8c8a105c44820cb22e26f62d12ef0ad9715c8)
+
+## [v1.1.0](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/compare/v1.0.1...v1.1.0) - 2025-01-14
+
+### Commits
+
+- [New] add `isObject` [`51e4042`](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/commit/51e4042df722eb3165f40dc5f4bf33d0197ecb07)
+
+## [v1.0.1](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/compare/v1.0.0...v1.0.1) - 2025-01-13
+
+### Commits
+
+- [Dev Deps] update `@ljharb/eslint-config`, `@ljharb/tsconfig`, `@types/tape`, `auto-changelog`, `tape` [`38ab9eb`](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/commit/38ab9eb00b62c2f4668644f5e513d9b414ebd595)
+- [types] improve types [`7d1beb8`](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/commit/7d1beb887958b78b6a728a210a1c8370ab7e2aa1)
+- [Tests] replace `aud` with `npm audit` [`25863ba`](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/commit/25863baf99178f1d1ad33d1120498db28631907e)
+- [Dev Deps] add missing peer dep [`c012309`](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/commit/c0123091287e6132d6f4240496340c427433df28)
+
+## v1.0.0 - 2024-03-16
+
+### Commits
+
+- Initial implementation, tests, readme, types [`f1499db`](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/commit/f1499db7d3e1741e64979c61d645ab3137705e82)
+- Initial commit [`99eedc7`](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/commit/99eedc7b5fde38a50a28d3c8b724706e3e4c5f6a)
+- [meta] rename repo [`fc851fa`](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/commit/fc851fa70616d2d182aaf0bd02c2ed7084dea8fa)
+- npm init [`b909377`](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/commit/b909377c50049bd0ec575562d20b0f9ebae8947f)
+- Only apps should have lockfiles [`7249edd`](https://github.com/es-shims/es-object-atoms/commit/7249edd2178c1b9ddfc66ffcc6d07fdf0d28efc1)
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2024 Jordan Harband
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+# es-object-atoms <sup>[![Version Badge][npm-version-svg]][package-url]</sup>
+
+[![github actions][actions-image]][actions-url]
+[![coverage][codecov-image]][codecov-url]
+[![License][license-image]][license-url]
+[![Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
+
+[![npm badge][npm-badge-png]][package-url]
+
+ES Object-related atoms: Object, ToObject, RequireObjectCoercible.
+
+## Example
+
+```js
+const assert = require('assert');
+
+const $Object = require('es-object-atoms');
+const isObject = require('es-object-atoms/isObject');
+const ToObject = require('es-object-atoms/ToObject');
+const RequireObjectCoercible = require('es-object-atoms/RequireObjectCoercible');
+
+assert.equal($Object, Object);
+assert.throws(() => ToObject(null), TypeError);
+assert.throws(() => ToObject(undefined), TypeError);
+assert.throws(() => RequireObjectCoercible(null), TypeError);
+assert.throws(() => RequireObjectCoercible(undefined), TypeError);
+
+assert.equal(isObject(undefined), false);
+assert.equal(isObject(null), false);
+assert.equal(isObject({}), true);
+assert.equal(isObject([]), true);
+assert.equal(isObject(function () {}), true);
+
+assert.deepEqual(RequireObjectCoercible(true), true);
+assert.deepEqual(ToObject(true), Object(true));
+
+const obj = {};
+assert.equal(RequireObjectCoercible(obj), obj);
+assert.equal(ToObject(obj), obj);
+```
+
+## Tests
+Simply clone the repo, `npm install`, and run `npm test`
+
+## Security
+
+Please email [@ljharb](https://github.com/ljharb) or see https://tidelift.com/security if you have a potential security vulnerability to report.
+
+[package-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/es-object-atoms
+[npm-version-svg]: https://versionbadg.es/ljharb/es-object-atoms.svg
+[deps-svg]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/es-object-atoms.svg
+[deps-url]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/es-object-atoms
+[dev-deps-svg]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/es-object-atoms/dev-status.svg
+[dev-deps-url]: https://david-dm.org/ljharb/es-object-atoms#info=devDependencies
+[npm-badge-png]: https://nodei.co/npm/es-object-atoms.png?downloads=true&stars=true
+[license-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/l/es-object-atoms.svg
+[license-url]: LICENSE
+[downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/es-object.svg
+[downloads-url]: https://npm-stat.com/charts.html?package=es-object-atoms
+[codecov-image]: https://codecov.io/gh/ljharb/es-object-atoms/branch/main/graphs/badge.svg
+[codecov-url]: https://app.codecov.io/gh/ljharb/es-object-atoms/
+[actions-image]: https://img.shields.io/endpoint?url=https://github-actions-badge-u3jn4tfpocch.runkit.sh/ljharb/es-object-atoms
+[actions-url]: https://github.com/ljharb/es-object-atoms/actions
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+declare function RequireObjectCoercible<T extends {}>(value: T, optMessage?: string): T;
+
+export = RequireObjectCoercible;
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var $TypeError = require('es-errors/type');
+
+/** @type {import('./RequireObjectCoercible')} */
+module.exports = function RequireObjectCoercible(value) {
+	if (value == null) {
+		throw new $TypeError((arguments.length > 0 && arguments[1]) || ('Cannot call method on ' + value));
+	}
+	return value;
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+declare function ToObject<T extends object>(value: number): Number;
+declare function ToObject<T extends object>(value: boolean): Boolean;
+declare function ToObject<T extends object>(value: string): String;
+declare function ToObject<T extends object>(value: bigint): BigInt;
+declare function ToObject<T extends object>(value: T): T;
+
+export = ToObject;
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var $Object = require('./');
+var RequireObjectCoercible = require('./RequireObjectCoercible');
+
+/** @type {import('./ToObject')} */
+module.exports = function ToObject(value) {
+	RequireObjectCoercible(value);
+	return $Object(value);
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+declare const Object: ObjectConstructor;
+
+export = Object;
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/** @type {import('.')} */
+module.exports = Object;
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+declare function isObject<T>(x: T): x is T & object & Record<PropertyKey, unknown>;
+
+export = isObject;
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/** @type {import('./isObject')} */
+module.exports = function isObject(x) {
+	return !!x && (typeof x === 'function' || typeof x === 'object');
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+{
+	"name": "es-object-atoms",
+	"version": "1.1.2",
+	"description": "ES Object-related atoms: Object, ToObject, RequireObjectCoercible",
+	"main": "index.js",
+	"exports": {
+		".": "./index.js",
+		"./RequireObjectCoercible": "./RequireObjectCoercible.js",
+		"./isObject": "./isObject.js",
+		"./ToObject": "./ToObject.js",
+		"./package.json": "./package.json"
+	},
+	"sideEffects": false,
+	"scripts": {
+		"prepack": "npmignore --auto --commentLines=autogenerated",
+		"prepublishOnly": "safe-publish-latest",
+		"prepublish": "not-in-publish || npm run prepublishOnly",
+		"pretest": "npm run lint",
+		"test": "npm run tests-only",
+		"tests-only": "nyc tape 'test/**/*.js'",
+		"posttest": "npx npm@\">= 10.2\" audit --production",
+		"prelint": "evalmd README.md",
+		"lint": "eslint --ext=js,mjs .",
+		"postlint": "tsc -p . && eclint check $(git ls-files | xargs find 2> /dev/null | grep -vE 'node_modules|\\.git' | grep -v dist/)",
+		"version": "auto-changelog && git add CHANGELOG.md",
+		"postversion": "auto-changelog && git add CHANGELOG.md && git commit --no-edit --amend && git tag -f \"v$(node -e \"console.log(require('./package.json').version)\")\""
+	},
+	"repository": {
+		"type": "git",
+		"url": "git+https://github.com/ljharb/es-object-atoms.git"
+	},
+	"keywords": [
+		"javascript",
+		"ecmascript",
+		"object",
+		"toobject",
+		"coercible"
+	],
+	"author": "Jordan Harband <ljharb@gmail.com>",
+	"license": "MIT",
+	"bugs": {
+		"url": "https://github.com/ljharb/es-object-atoms/issues"
+	},
+	"homepage": "https://github.com/ljharb/es-object-atoms#readme",
+	"dependencies": {
+		"es-errors": "^1.3.0"
+	},
+	"devDependencies": {
+		"@ljharb/eslint-config": "^22.2.3",
+		"@ljharb/tsconfig": "^0.3.2",
+		"@types/tape": "^5.8.1",
+		"auto-changelog": "^2.5.1",
+		"eclint": "^2.8.1",
+		"eslint": "^8.57.1",
+		"evalmd": "^0.0.19",
+		"in-publish": "^2.0.1",
+		"npmignore": "^0.3.5",
+		"nyc": "^10.3.2",
+		"safe-publish-latest": "^2.0.0",
+		"tape": "^5.9.0",
+		"typescript": "next"
+	},
+	"auto-changelog": {
+		"output": "CHANGELOG.md",
+		"template": "keepachangelog",
+		"unreleased": false,
+		"commitLimit": false,
+		"backfillLimit": false,
+		"hideCredit": true
+	},
+	"publishConfig": {
+		"ignore": [
+			".github/workflows"
+		]
+	},
+	"engines": {
+		"node": ">= 0.4"
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+'use strict';
+
+var test = require('tape');
+
+var $Object = require('../');
+var isObject = require('../isObject');
+var ToObject = require('../ToObject');
+var RequireObjectCoercible = require('..//RequireObjectCoercible');
+
+test('errors', function (t) {
+	t.equal($Object, Object);
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t['throws'](function () { ToObject(null); }, TypeError);
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t['throws'](function () { ToObject(undefined); }, TypeError);
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t['throws'](function () { RequireObjectCoercible(null); }, TypeError);
+	// @ts-expect-error
+	t['throws'](function () { RequireObjectCoercible(undefined); }, TypeError);
+
+	t.deepEqual(RequireObjectCoercible(true), true);
+	t.deepEqual(ToObject(true), Object(true));
+	t.deepEqual(ToObject(42), Object(42));
+	var f = function () {};
+	t.equal(ToObject(f), f);
+
+	t.equal(isObject(undefined), false);
+	t.equal(isObject(null), false);
+	t.equal(isObject({}), true);
+	t.equal(isObject([]), true);
+	t.equal(isObject(function () {}), true);
+
+	var obj = {};
+	t.equal(RequireObjectCoercible(obj), obj);
+	t.equal(ToObject(obj), obj);
+
+	t.end();
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+	"extends": "@ljharb/tsconfig",
+	"compilerOptions": {
+		"target": "es5",
+		"ignoreDeprecations": "6.0",
+	},
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2012-2013 TJ Holowaychuk
+Copyright (c) 2015 Andreas Lubbe
+Copyright (c) 2015 Tiancheng "Timothy" Gu
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+
+# escape-html
+
+  Escape string for use in HTML
+
+## Example
+
+```js
+var escape = require('escape-html');
+var html = escape('foo & bar');
+// -> foo &amp; bar
+```
+
+## Benchmark
+
+```
+$ npm run-script bench
+
+> escape-html@1.0.3 bench nodejs-escape-html
+> node benchmark/index.js
+
+
+  http_parser@1.0
+  node@0.10.33
+  v8@3.14.5.9
+  ares@1.9.0-DEV
+  uv@0.10.29
+  zlib@1.2.3
+  modules@11
+  openssl@1.0.1j
+
+  1 test completed.
+  2 tests completed.
+  3 tests completed.
+
+  no special characters    x 19,435,271 ops/sec ±0.85% (187 runs sampled)
+  single special character x  6,132,421 ops/sec ±0.67% (194 runs sampled)
+  many special characters  x  3,175,826 ops/sec ±0.65% (193 runs sampled)
+```
+
+## License
+
+  MIT
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*!
+ * escape-html
+ * Copyright(c) 2012-2013 TJ Holowaychuk
+ * Copyright(c) 2015 Andreas Lubbe
+ * Copyright(c) 2015 Tiancheng "Timothy" Gu
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * Module variables.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var matchHtmlRegExp = /["'&<>]/;
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+module.exports = escapeHtml;
+
+/**
+ * Escape special characters in the given string of html.
+ *
+ * @param  {string} string The string to escape for inserting into HTML
+ * @return {string}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function escapeHtml(string) {
+  var str = '' + string;
+  var match = matchHtmlRegExp.exec(str);
+
+  if (!match) {
+    return str;
+  }
+
+  var escape;
+  var html = '';
+  var index = 0;
+  var lastIndex = 0;
+
+  for (index = match.index; index < str.length; index++) {
+    switch (str.charCodeAt(index)) {
+      case 34: // "
+        escape = '&quot;';
+        break;
+      case 38: // &
+        escape = '&amp;';
+        break;
+      case 39: // '
+        escape = '&#39;';
+        break;
+      case 60: // <
+        escape = '&lt;';
+        break;
+      case 62: // >
+        escape = '&gt;';
+        break;
+      default:
+        continue;
+    }
+
+    if (lastIndex !== index) {
+      html += str.substring(lastIndex, index);
+    }
+
+    lastIndex = index + 1;
+    html += escape;
+  }
+
+  return lastIndex !== index
+    ? html + str.substring(lastIndex, index)
+    : html;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+{
+  "name": "escape-html",
+  "description": "Escape string for use in HTML",
+  "version": "1.0.3",
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "keywords": [
+    "escape",
+    "html",
+    "utility"
+  ],
+  "repository": "component/escape-html",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "benchmark": "1.0.0",
+    "beautify-benchmark": "0.2.4"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "LICENSE",
+    "Readme.md",
+    "index.js"
+  ],
+  "scripts": {
+    "bench": "node benchmark/index.js"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+1.8.1 / 2017-09-12
+==================
+
+  * perf: replace regular expression with substring
+
+1.8.0 / 2017-02-18
+==================
+
+  * Use SHA1 instead of MD5 for ETag hashing
+    - Improves performance for larger entities
+    - Works with FIPS 140-2 OpenSSL configuration
+
+1.7.0 / 2015-06-08
+==================
+
+  * Always include entity length in ETags for hash length extensions
+  * Generate non-Stats ETags using MD5 only (no longer CRC32)
+  * Improve stat performance by removing hashing
+  * Remove base64 padding in ETags to shorten
+  * Use MD5 instead of MD4 in weak ETags over 1KB
+
+1.6.0 / 2015-05-10
+==================
+
+  * Improve support for JXcore
+  * Remove requirement of `atime` in the stats object
+  * Support "fake" stats objects in environments without `fs`
+
+1.5.1 / 2014-11-19
+==================
+
+  * deps: crc@3.2.1
+    - Minor fixes
+
+1.5.0 / 2014-10-14
+==================
+
+  * Improve string performance
+  * Slightly improve speed for weak ETags over 1KB
+
+1.4.0 / 2014-09-21
+==================
+
+  * Support "fake" stats objects
+  * Support Node.js 0.6
+
+1.3.1 / 2014-09-14
+==================
+
+  * Use the (new and improved) `crc` for crc32
+
+1.3.0 / 2014-08-29
+==================
+
+  * Default strings to strong ETags
+  * Improve speed for weak ETags over 1KB
+
+1.2.1 / 2014-08-29
+==================
+
+  * Use the (much faster) `buffer-crc32` for crc32
+
+1.2.0 / 2014-08-24
+==================
+
+  * Add support for file stat objects
+
+1.1.0 / 2014-08-24
+==================
+
+  * Add fast-path for empty entity
+  * Add weak ETag generation
+  * Shrink size of generated ETags
+
+1.0.1 / 2014-08-24
+==================
+
+  * Fix behavior of string containing Unicode
+
+1.0.0 / 2014-05-18
+==================
+
+  * Initial release
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+# etag
+
+[![NPM Version][npm-image]][npm-url]
+[![NPM Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
+[![Node.js Version][node-version-image]][node-version-url]
+[![Build Status][travis-image]][travis-url]
+[![Test Coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
+
+Create simple HTTP ETags
+
+This module generates HTTP ETags (as defined in RFC 7232) for use in
+HTTP responses.
+
+## Installation
+
+This is a [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) module available through the
+[npm registry](https://www.npmjs.com/). Installation is done using the
+[`npm install` command](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/installing-npm-packages-locally):
+
+```sh
+$ npm install etag
+```
+
+## API
+
+<!-- eslint-disable no-unused-vars -->
+
+```js
+var etag = require('etag')
+```
+
+### etag(entity, [options])
+
+Generate a strong ETag for the given entity. This should be the complete
+body of the entity. Strings, `Buffer`s, and `fs.Stats` are accepted. By
+default, a strong ETag is generated except for `fs.Stats`, which will
+generate a weak ETag (this can be overwritten by `options.weak`).
+
+<!-- eslint-disable no-undef -->
+
+```js
+res.setHeader('ETag', etag(body))
+```
+
+#### Options
+
+`etag` accepts these properties in the options object.
+
+##### weak
+
+Specifies if the generated ETag will include the weak validator mark (that
+is, the leading `W/`). The actual entity tag is the same. The default value
+is `false`, unless the `entity` is `fs.Stats`, in which case it is `true`.
+
+## Testing
+
+```sh
+$ npm test
+```
+
+## Benchmark
+
+```bash
+$ npm run-script bench
+
+> etag@1.8.1 bench nodejs-etag
+> node benchmark/index.js
+
+  http_parser@2.7.0
+  node@6.11.1
+  v8@5.1.281.103
+  uv@1.11.0
+  zlib@1.2.11
+  ares@1.10.1-DEV
+  icu@58.2
+  modules@48
+  openssl@1.0.2k
+
+> node benchmark/body0-100b.js
+
+  100B body
+
+  4 tests completed.
+
+  buffer - strong x 258,647 ops/sec ±1.07% (180 runs sampled)
+  buffer - weak   x 263,812 ops/sec ±0.61% (184 runs sampled)
+  string - strong x 259,955 ops/sec ±1.19% (185 runs sampled)
+  string - weak   x 264,356 ops/sec ±1.09% (184 runs sampled)
+
+> node benchmark/body1-1kb.js
+
+  1KB body
+
+  4 tests completed.
+
+  buffer - strong x 189,018 ops/sec ±1.12% (182 runs sampled)
+  buffer - weak   x 190,586 ops/sec ±0.81% (186 runs sampled)
+  string - strong x 144,272 ops/sec ±0.96% (188 runs sampled)
+  string - weak   x 145,380 ops/sec ±1.43% (187 runs sampled)
+
+> node benchmark/body2-5kb.js
+
+  5KB body
+
+  4 tests completed.
+
+  buffer - strong x 92,435 ops/sec ±0.42% (188 runs sampled)
+  buffer - weak   x 92,373 ops/sec ±0.58% (189 runs sampled)
+  string - strong x 48,850 ops/sec ±0.56% (186 runs sampled)
+  string - weak   x 49,380 ops/sec ±0.56% (190 runs sampled)
+
+> node benchmark/body3-10kb.js
+
+  10KB body
+
+  4 tests completed.
+
+  buffer - strong x 55,989 ops/sec ±0.93% (188 runs sampled)
+  buffer - weak   x 56,148 ops/sec ±0.55% (190 runs sampled)
+  string - strong x 27,345 ops/sec ±0.43% (188 runs sampled)
+  string - weak   x 27,496 ops/sec ±0.45% (190 runs sampled)
+
+> node benchmark/body4-100kb.js
+
+  100KB body
+
+  4 tests completed.
+
+  buffer - strong x 7,083 ops/sec ±0.22% (190 runs sampled)
+  buffer - weak   x 7,115 ops/sec ±0.26% (191 runs sampled)
+  string - strong x 3,068 ops/sec ±0.34% (190 runs sampled)
+  string - weak   x 3,096 ops/sec ±0.35% (190 runs sampled)
+
+> node benchmark/stats.js
+
+  stat
+
+  4 tests completed.
+
+  real - strong x 871,642 ops/sec ±0.34% (189 runs sampled)
+  real - weak   x 867,613 ops/sec ±0.39% (190 runs sampled)
+  fake - strong x 401,051 ops/sec ±0.40% (189 runs sampled)
+  fake - weak   x 400,100 ops/sec ±0.47% (188 runs sampled)
+```
+
+## License
+
+[MIT](LICENSE)
+
+[npm-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/etag.svg
+[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/etag
+[node-version-image]: https://img.shields.io/node/v/etag.svg
+[node-version-url]: https://nodejs.org/en/download/
+[travis-image]: https://img.shields.io/travis/jshttp/etag/master.svg
+[travis-url]: https://travis-ci.org/jshttp/etag
+[coveralls-image]: https://img.shields.io/coveralls/jshttp/etag/master.svg
+[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/jshttp/etag?branch=master
+[downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/etag.svg
+[downloads-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/etag
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+/*!
+ * etag
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2016 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict'
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+module.exports = etag
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var crypto = require('crypto')
+var Stats = require('fs').Stats
+
+/**
+ * Module variables.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var toString = Object.prototype.toString
+
+/**
+ * Generate an entity tag.
+ *
+ * @param {Buffer|string} entity
+ * @return {string}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function entitytag (entity) {
+  if (entity.length === 0) {
+    // fast-path empty
+    return '"0-2jmj7l5rSw0yVb/vlWAYkK/YBwk"'
+  }
+
+  // compute hash of entity
+  var hash = crypto
+    .createHash('sha1')
+    .update(entity, 'utf8')
+    .digest('base64')
+    .substring(0, 27)
+
+  // compute length of entity
+  var len = typeof entity === 'string'
+    ? Buffer.byteLength(entity, 'utf8')
+    : entity.length
+
+  return '"' + len.toString(16) + '-' + hash + '"'
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a simple ETag.
+ *
+ * @param {string|Buffer|Stats} entity
+ * @param {object} [options]
+ * @param {boolean} [options.weak]
+ * @return {String}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+function etag (entity, options) {
+  if (entity == null) {
+    throw new TypeError('argument entity is required')
+  }
+
+  // support fs.Stats object
+  var isStats = isstats(entity)
+  var weak = options && typeof options.weak === 'boolean'
+    ? options.weak
+    : isStats
+
+  // validate argument
+  if (!isStats && typeof entity !== 'string' && !Buffer.isBuffer(entity)) {
+    throw new TypeError('argument entity must be string, Buffer, or fs.Stats')
+  }
+
+  // generate entity tag
+  var tag = isStats
+    ? stattag(entity)
+    : entitytag(entity)
+
+  return weak
+    ? 'W/' + tag
+    : tag
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine if object is a Stats object.
+ *
+ * @param {object} obj
+ * @return {boolean}
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+function isstats (obj) {
+  // genuine fs.Stats
+  if (typeof Stats === 'function' && obj instanceof Stats) {
+    return true
+  }
+
+  // quack quack
+  return obj && typeof obj === 'object' &&
+    'ctime' in obj && toString.call(obj.ctime) === '[object Date]' &&
+    'mtime' in obj && toString.call(obj.mtime) === '[object Date]' &&
+    'ino' in obj && typeof obj.ino === 'number' &&
+    'size' in obj && typeof obj.size === 'number'
+}
+
+/**
+ * Generate a tag for a stat.
+ *
+ * @param {object} stat
+ * @return {string}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function stattag (stat) {
+  var mtime = stat.mtime.getTime().toString(16)
+  var size = stat.size.toString(16)
+
+  return '"' + size + '-' + mtime + '"'
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+{
+  "name": "etag",
+  "description": "Create simple HTTP ETags",
+  "version": "1.8.1",
+  "contributors": [
+    "Douglas Christopher Wilson <doug@somethingdoug.com>",
+    "David Björklund <david.bjorklund@gmail.com>"
+  ],
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "keywords": [
+    "etag",
+    "http",
+    "res"
+  ],
+  "repository": "jshttp/etag",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "beautify-benchmark": "0.2.4",
+    "benchmark": "2.1.4",
+    "eslint": "3.19.0",
+    "eslint-config-standard": "10.2.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-import": "2.7.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-markdown": "1.0.0-beta.6",
+    "eslint-plugin-node": "5.1.1",
+    "eslint-plugin-promise": "3.5.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-standard": "3.0.1",
+    "istanbul": "0.4.5",
+    "mocha": "1.21.5",
+    "safe-buffer": "5.1.1",
+    "seedrandom": "2.4.3"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "LICENSE",
+    "HISTORY.md",
+    "README.md",
+    "index.js"
+  ],
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">= 0.6"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "bench": "node benchmark/index.js",
+    "lint": "eslint --plugin markdown --ext js,md .",
+    "test": "mocha --reporter spec --bail --check-leaks test/",
+    "test-cov": "istanbul cover node_modules/mocha/bin/_mocha -- --reporter dot --check-leaks test/",
+    "test-travis": "istanbul cover node_modules/mocha/bin/_mocha --report lcovonly -- --reporter spec --check-leaks test/"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,3676 @@
+4.22.2 / 2026-05-011
+==========
+
+* fix: restore >20 array parsing for `req.query` repeated keys ([`8d09bfe6`](https://github.com/expressjs/express/commit/8d09bfe6d88983da5c3e12cfdd54782c4dc675db))
+  * This also unifies array-cap behavior across notations. Indexed notation (`a[0]=...`) was historically capped at qs's default `arrayLimit` of 20 even in older qs versions; after this change it also allows up to 1000 items.
+* deps: qs@~6.15.1
+* deps: body-parser@~1.20.5
+
+4.22.1 / 2025-12-01
+==========
+
+  * Revert security fix for [CVE-2024-51999](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-51999) ([GHSA-pj86-cfqh-vqx6](https://github.com/expressjs/express/security/advisories/GHSA-pj86-cfqh-vqx6))
+    * The prior release (4.22.0) included an erroneous breaking change related to the extended query parser. There is no actual security vulnerability associated with this behavior (CVE-2024-51999 has been rejected). The change has been fully reverted in this release.
+
+4.22.0 / 2025-12-01
+==========
+  * Security fix for [CVE-2024-51999](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-51999) ([GHSA-pj86-cfqh-vqx6](https://github.com/expressjs/express/security/advisories/GHSA-pj86-cfqh-vqx6))
+  * deps: use tilde notation for dependencies
+  * deps: qs@6.14.0
+
+4.21.2 / 2024-11-06
+==========
+
+  * deps: path-to-regexp@0.1.12
+    - Fix backtracking protection
+  * deps: path-to-regexp@0.1.11
+    - Throws an error on invalid path values
+
+4.21.1 / 2024-10-08
+==========
+
+  * Backported a fix for [CVE-2024-47764](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-47764)
+
+
+4.21.0 / 2024-09-11
+==========
+
+  * Deprecate `res.location("back")` and `res.redirect("back")` magic string
+  * deps: serve-static@1.16.2
+    * includes send@0.19.0
+  * deps: finalhandler@1.3.1
+  * deps: qs@6.13.0
+
+4.20.0 / 2024-09-10
+==========
+  * deps: serve-static@0.16.0
+    * Remove link renderization in html while redirecting
+  * deps: send@0.19.0
+    * Remove link renderization in html while redirecting
+  * deps: body-parser@0.6.0
+    * add `depth` option to customize the depth level in the parser
+    * IMPORTANT: The default `depth` level for parsing URL-encoded data is now `32` (previously was `Infinity`)
+  * Remove link renderization in html while using `res.redirect`
+  * deps: path-to-regexp@0.1.10
+    - Adds support for named matching groups in the routes using a regex
+    - Adds backtracking protection to parameters without regexes defined
+  * deps: encodeurl@~2.0.0
+    - Removes encoding of `\`, `|`, and `^` to align better with URL spec
+  * Deprecate passing `options.maxAge` and `options.expires` to `res.clearCookie`
+    - Will be ignored in v5, clearCookie will set a cookie with an expires in the past to instruct clients to delete the cookie
+
+4.19.2 / 2024-03-25
+==========
+
+  * Improved fix for open redirect allow list bypass
+
+4.19.1 / 2024-03-20
+==========
+
+  * Allow passing non-strings to res.location with new encoding handling checks
+
+4.19.0 / 2024-03-20
+==========
+
+  * Prevent open redirect allow list bypass due to encodeurl
+  * deps: cookie@0.6.0
+
+4.18.3 / 2024-02-29
+==========
+
+  * Fix routing requests without method
+  * deps: body-parser@1.20.2
+    - Fix strict json error message on Node.js 19+
+    - deps: content-type@~1.0.5
+    - deps: raw-body@2.5.2
+  * deps: cookie@0.6.0
+    - Add `partitioned` option
+
+4.18.2 / 2022-10-08
+===================
+
+  * Fix regression routing a large stack in a single route
+  * deps: body-parser@1.20.1
+    - deps: qs@6.11.0
+    - perf: remove unnecessary object clone
+  * deps: qs@6.11.0
+
+4.18.1 / 2022-04-29
+===================
+
+  * Fix hanging on large stack of sync routes
+
+4.18.0 / 2022-04-25
+===================
+
+  * Add "root" option to `res.download`
+  * Allow `options` without `filename` in `res.download`
+  * Deprecate string and non-integer arguments to `res.status`
+  * Fix behavior of `null`/`undefined` as `maxAge` in `res.cookie`
+  * Fix handling very large stacks of sync middleware
+  * Ignore `Object.prototype` values in settings through `app.set`/`app.get`
+  * Invoke `default` with same arguments as types in `res.format`
+  * Support proper 205 responses using `res.send`
+  * Use `http-errors` for `res.format` error
+  * deps: body-parser@1.20.0
+    - Fix error message for json parse whitespace in `strict`
+    - Fix internal error when inflated body exceeds limit
+    - Prevent loss of async hooks context
+    - Prevent hanging when request already read
+    - deps: depd@2.0.0
+    - deps: http-errors@2.0.0
+    - deps: on-finished@2.4.1
+    - deps: qs@6.10.3
+    - deps: raw-body@2.5.1
+  * deps: cookie@0.5.0
+    - Add `priority` option
+    - Fix `expires` option to reject invalid dates
+  * deps: depd@2.0.0
+    - Replace internal `eval` usage with `Function` constructor
+    - Use instance methods on `process` to check for listeners
+  * deps: finalhandler@1.2.0
+    - Remove set content headers that break response
+    - deps: on-finished@2.4.1
+    - deps: statuses@2.0.1
+  * deps: on-finished@2.4.1
+    - Prevent loss of async hooks context
+  * deps: qs@6.10.3
+  * deps: send@0.18.0
+    - Fix emitted 416 error missing headers property
+    - Limit the headers removed for 304 response
+    - deps: depd@2.0.0
+    - deps: destroy@1.2.0
+    - deps: http-errors@2.0.0
+    - deps: on-finished@2.4.1
+    - deps: statuses@2.0.1
+  * deps: serve-static@1.15.0
+    - deps: send@0.18.0
+  * deps: statuses@2.0.1
+    - Remove code 306
+    - Rename `425 Unordered Collection` to standard `425 Too Early`
+
+4.17.3 / 2022-02-16
+===================
+
+  * deps: accepts@~1.3.8
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.34
+    - deps: negotiator@0.6.3
+  * deps: body-parser@1.19.2
+    - deps: bytes@3.1.2
+    - deps: qs@6.9.7
+    - deps: raw-body@2.4.3
+  * deps: cookie@0.4.2
+  * deps: qs@6.9.7
+    * Fix handling of `__proto__` keys
+  * pref: remove unnecessary regexp for trust proxy
+
+4.17.2 / 2021-12-16
+===================
+
+  * Fix handling of `undefined` in `res.jsonp`
+  * Fix handling of `undefined` when `"json escape"` is enabled
+  * Fix incorrect middleware execution with unanchored `RegExp`s
+  * Fix `res.jsonp(obj, status)` deprecation message
+  * Fix typo in `res.is` JSDoc
+  * deps: body-parser@1.19.1
+    - deps: bytes@3.1.1
+    - deps: http-errors@1.8.1
+    - deps: qs@6.9.6
+    - deps: raw-body@2.4.2
+    - deps: safe-buffer@5.2.1
+    - deps: type-is@~1.6.18
+  * deps: content-disposition@0.5.4
+    - deps: safe-buffer@5.2.1
+  * deps: cookie@0.4.1
+    - Fix `maxAge` option to reject invalid values
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~2.0.7
+    - Use `req.socket` over deprecated `req.connection`
+    - deps: forwarded@0.2.0
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@1.9.1
+  * deps: qs@6.9.6
+  * deps: safe-buffer@5.2.1
+  * deps: send@0.17.2
+    - deps: http-errors@1.8.1
+    - deps: ms@2.1.3
+    - pref: ignore empty http tokens
+  * deps: serve-static@1.14.2
+    - deps: send@0.17.2
+  * deps: setprototypeof@1.2.0
+
+4.17.1 / 2019-05-25
+===================
+
+  * Revert "Improve error message for `null`/`undefined` to `res.status`"
+
+4.17.0 / 2019-05-16
+===================
+
+  * Add `express.raw` to parse bodies into `Buffer`
+  * Add `express.text` to parse bodies into string
+  * Improve error message for non-strings to `res.sendFile`
+  * Improve error message for `null`/`undefined` to `res.status`
+  * Support multiple hosts in `X-Forwarded-Host`
+  * deps: accepts@~1.3.7
+  * deps: body-parser@1.19.0
+    - Add encoding MIK
+    - Add petabyte (`pb`) support
+    - Fix parsing array brackets after index
+    - deps: bytes@3.1.0
+    - deps: http-errors@1.7.2
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.24
+    - deps: qs@6.7.0
+    - deps: raw-body@2.4.0
+    - deps: type-is@~1.6.17
+  * deps: content-disposition@0.5.3
+  * deps: cookie@0.4.0
+    - Add `SameSite=None` support
+  * deps: finalhandler@~1.1.2
+    - Set stricter `Content-Security-Policy` header
+    - deps: parseurl@~1.3.3
+    - deps: statuses@~1.5.0
+  * deps: parseurl@~1.3.3
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~2.0.5
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@1.9.0
+  * deps: qs@6.7.0
+    - Fix parsing array brackets after index
+  * deps: range-parser@~1.2.1
+  * deps: send@0.17.1
+    - Set stricter CSP header in redirect & error responses
+    - deps: http-errors@~1.7.2
+    - deps: mime@1.6.0
+    - deps: ms@2.1.1
+    - deps: range-parser@~1.2.1
+    - deps: statuses@~1.5.0
+    - perf: remove redundant `path.normalize` call
+  * deps: serve-static@1.14.1
+    - Set stricter CSP header in redirect response
+    - deps: parseurl@~1.3.3
+    - deps: send@0.17.1
+  * deps: setprototypeof@1.1.1
+  * deps: statuses@~1.5.0
+    - Add `103 Early Hints`
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.18
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.24
+    - perf: prevent internal `throw` on invalid type
+
+4.16.4 / 2018-10-10
+===================
+
+  * Fix issue where `"Request aborted"` may be logged in `res.sendfile`
+  * Fix JSDoc for `Router` constructor
+  * deps: body-parser@1.18.3
+    - Fix deprecation warnings on Node.js 10+
+    - Fix stack trace for strict json parse error
+    - deps: depd@~1.1.2
+    - deps: http-errors@~1.6.3
+    - deps: iconv-lite@0.4.23
+    - deps: qs@6.5.2
+    - deps: raw-body@2.3.3
+    - deps: type-is@~1.6.16
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~2.0.4
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@1.8.0
+  * deps: qs@6.5.2
+  * deps: safe-buffer@5.1.2
+
+4.16.3 / 2018-03-12
+===================
+
+  * deps: accepts@~1.3.5
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.18
+  * deps: depd@~1.1.2
+    - perf: remove argument reassignment
+  * deps: encodeurl@~1.0.2
+    - Fix encoding `%` as last character
+  * deps: finalhandler@1.1.1
+    - Fix 404 output for bad / missing pathnames
+    - deps: encodeurl@~1.0.2
+    - deps: statuses@~1.4.0
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~2.0.3
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@1.6.0
+  * deps: send@0.16.2
+    - Fix incorrect end tag in default error & redirects
+    - deps: depd@~1.1.2
+    - deps: encodeurl@~1.0.2
+    - deps: statuses@~1.4.0
+  * deps: serve-static@1.13.2
+    - Fix incorrect end tag in redirects
+    - deps: encodeurl@~1.0.2
+    - deps: send@0.16.2
+  * deps: statuses@~1.4.0
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.16
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.18
+
+4.16.2 / 2017-10-09
+===================
+
+  * Fix `TypeError` in `res.send` when given `Buffer` and `ETag` header set
+  * perf: skip parsing of entire `X-Forwarded-Proto` header
+
+4.16.1 / 2017-09-29
+===================
+
+  * deps: send@0.16.1
+  * deps: serve-static@1.13.1
+    - Fix regression when `root` is incorrectly set to a file
+    - deps: send@0.16.1
+
+4.16.0 / 2017-09-28
+===================
+
+  * Add `"json escape"` setting for `res.json` and `res.jsonp`
+  * Add `express.json` and `express.urlencoded` to parse bodies
+  * Add `options` argument to `res.download`
+  * Improve error message when autoloading invalid view engine
+  * Improve error messages when non-function provided as middleware
+  * Skip `Buffer` encoding when not generating ETag for small response
+  * Use `safe-buffer` for improved Buffer API
+  * deps: accepts@~1.3.4
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.16
+  * deps: content-type@~1.0.4
+    - perf: remove argument reassignment
+    - perf: skip parameter parsing when no parameters
+  * deps: etag@~1.8.1
+    - perf: replace regular expression with substring
+  * deps: finalhandler@1.1.0
+    - Use `res.headersSent` when available
+  * deps: parseurl@~1.3.2
+    - perf: reduce overhead for full URLs
+    - perf: unroll the "fast-path" `RegExp`
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~2.0.2
+    - Fix trimming leading / trailing OWS in `X-Forwarded-For`
+    - deps: forwarded@~0.1.2
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@1.5.2
+    - perf: reduce overhead when no `X-Forwarded-For` header
+  * deps: qs@6.5.1
+    - Fix parsing & compacting very deep objects
+  * deps: send@0.16.0
+    - Add 70 new types for file extensions
+    - Add `immutable` option
+    - Fix missing `</html>` in default error & redirects
+    - Set charset as "UTF-8" for .js and .json
+    - Use instance methods on steam to check for listeners
+    - deps: mime@1.4.1
+    - perf: improve path validation speed
+  * deps: serve-static@1.13.0
+    - Add 70 new types for file extensions
+    - Add `immutable` option
+    - Set charset as "UTF-8" for .js and .json
+    - deps: send@0.16.0
+  * deps: setprototypeof@1.1.0
+  * deps: utils-merge@1.0.1
+  * deps: vary@~1.1.2
+    - perf: improve header token parsing speed
+  * perf: re-use options object when generating ETags
+  * perf: remove dead `.charset` set in `res.jsonp`
+
+4.15.5 / 2017-09-24
+===================
+
+  * deps: debug@2.6.9
+  * deps: finalhandler@~1.0.6
+    - deps: debug@2.6.9
+    - deps: parseurl@~1.3.2
+  * deps: fresh@0.5.2
+    - Fix handling of modified headers with invalid dates
+    - perf: improve ETag match loop
+    - perf: improve `If-None-Match` token parsing
+  * deps: send@0.15.6
+    - Fix handling of modified headers with invalid dates
+    - deps: debug@2.6.9
+    - deps: etag@~1.8.1
+    - deps: fresh@0.5.2
+    - perf: improve `If-Match` token parsing
+  * deps: serve-static@1.12.6
+    - deps: parseurl@~1.3.2
+    - deps: send@0.15.6
+    - perf: improve slash collapsing
+
+4.15.4 / 2017-08-06
+===================
+
+  * deps: debug@2.6.8
+  * deps: depd@~1.1.1
+    - Remove unnecessary `Buffer` loading
+  * deps: finalhandler@~1.0.4
+    - deps: debug@2.6.8
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.1.5
+    - Fix array argument being altered
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@1.4.0
+  * deps: qs@6.5.0
+  * deps: send@0.15.4
+    - deps: debug@2.6.8
+    - deps: depd@~1.1.1
+    - deps: http-errors@~1.6.2
+  * deps: serve-static@1.12.4
+    - deps: send@0.15.4
+
+4.15.3 / 2017-05-16
+===================
+
+  * Fix error when `res.set` cannot add charset to `Content-Type`
+  * deps: debug@2.6.7
+    - Fix `DEBUG_MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH`
+    - deps: ms@2.0.0
+  * deps: finalhandler@~1.0.3
+    - Fix missing `</html>` in HTML document
+    - deps: debug@2.6.7
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.1.4
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@1.3.0
+  * deps: send@0.15.3
+    - deps: debug@2.6.7
+    - deps: ms@2.0.0
+  * deps: serve-static@1.12.3
+    - deps: send@0.15.3
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.15
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.15
+  * deps: vary@~1.1.1
+    - perf: hoist regular expression
+
+4.15.2 / 2017-03-06
+===================
+
+  * deps: qs@6.4.0
+    - Fix regression parsing keys starting with `[`
+
+4.15.1 / 2017-03-05
+===================
+
+  * deps: send@0.15.1
+    - Fix issue when `Date.parse` does not return `NaN` on invalid date
+    - Fix strict violation in broken environments
+  * deps: serve-static@1.12.1
+    - Fix issue when `Date.parse` does not return `NaN` on invalid date
+    - deps: send@0.15.1
+
+4.15.0 / 2017-03-01
+===================
+
+  * Add debug message when loading view engine
+  * Add `next("router")` to exit from router
+  * Fix case where `router.use` skipped requests routes did not
+  * Remove usage of `res._headers` private field
+    - Improves compatibility with Node.js 8 nightly
+  * Skip routing when `req.url` is not set
+  * Use `%o` in path debug to tell types apart
+  * Use `Object.create` to setup request & response prototypes
+  * Use `setprototypeof` module to replace `__proto__` setting
+  * Use `statuses` instead of `http` module for status messages
+  * deps: debug@2.6.1
+    - Allow colors in workers
+    - Deprecated `DEBUG_FD` environment variable set to `3` or higher
+    - Fix error when running under React Native
+    - Use same color for same namespace
+    - deps: ms@0.7.2
+  * deps: etag@~1.8.0
+    - Use SHA1 instead of MD5 for ETag hashing
+    - Works with FIPS 140-2 OpenSSL configuration
+  * deps: finalhandler@~1.0.0
+    - Fix exception when `err` cannot be converted to a string
+    - Fully URL-encode the pathname in the 404
+    - Only include the pathname in the 404 message
+    - Send complete HTML document
+    - Set `Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'` header
+    - deps: debug@2.6.1
+  * deps: fresh@0.5.0
+    - Fix false detection of `no-cache` request directive
+    - Fix incorrect result when `If-None-Match` has both `*` and ETags
+    - Fix weak `ETag` matching to match spec
+    - perf: delay reading header values until needed
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+    - perf: hoist regular expressions
+    - perf: remove duplicate conditional
+    - perf: remove unnecessary boolean coercions
+    - perf: skip checking modified time if ETag check failed
+    - perf: skip parsing `If-None-Match` when no `ETag` header
+    - perf: use `Date.parse` instead of `new Date`
+  * deps: qs@6.3.1
+    - Fix array parsing from skipping empty values
+    - Fix compacting nested arrays
+  * deps: send@0.15.0
+    - Fix false detection of `no-cache` request directive
+    - Fix incorrect result when `If-None-Match` has both `*` and ETags
+    - Fix weak `ETag` matching to match spec
+    - Remove usage of `res._headers` private field
+    - Support `If-Match` and `If-Unmodified-Since` headers
+    - Use `res.getHeaderNames()` when available
+    - Use `res.headersSent` when available
+    - deps: debug@2.6.1
+    - deps: etag@~1.8.0
+    - deps: fresh@0.5.0
+    - deps: http-errors@~1.6.1
+  * deps: serve-static@1.12.0
+    - Fix false detection of `no-cache` request directive
+    - Fix incorrect result when `If-None-Match` has both `*` and ETags
+    - Fix weak `ETag` matching to match spec
+    - Remove usage of `res._headers` private field
+    - Send complete HTML document in redirect response
+    - Set default CSP header in redirect response
+    - Support `If-Match` and `If-Unmodified-Since` headers
+    - Use `res.getHeaderNames()` when available
+    - Use `res.headersSent` when available
+    - deps: send@0.15.0
+  * perf: add fast match path for `*` route
+  * perf: improve `req.ips` performance
+
+4.14.1 / 2017-01-28
+===================
+
+  * deps: content-disposition@0.5.2
+  * deps: finalhandler@0.5.1
+    - Fix exception when `err.headers` is not an object
+    - deps: statuses@~1.3.1
+    - perf: hoist regular expressions
+    - perf: remove duplicate validation path
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.1.3
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@1.2.0
+  * deps: send@0.14.2
+    - deps: http-errors@~1.5.1
+    - deps: ms@0.7.2
+    - deps: statuses@~1.3.1
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.11.2
+    - deps: send@0.14.2
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.14
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.13
+
+4.14.0 / 2016-06-16
+===================
+
+  * Add `acceptRanges` option to `res.sendFile`/`res.sendfile`
+  * Add `cacheControl` option to `res.sendFile`/`res.sendfile`
+  * Add `options` argument to `req.range`
+    - Includes the `combine` option
+  * Encode URL in `res.location`/`res.redirect` if not already encoded
+  * Fix some redirect handling in `res.sendFile`/`res.sendfile`
+  * Fix Windows absolute path check using forward slashes
+  * Improve error with invalid arguments to `req.get()`
+  * Improve performance for `res.json`/`res.jsonp` in most cases
+  * Improve `Range` header handling in `res.sendFile`/`res.sendfile`
+  * deps: accepts@~1.3.3
+    - Fix including type extensions in parameters in `Accept` parsing
+    - Fix parsing `Accept` parameters with quoted equals
+    - Fix parsing `Accept` parameters with quoted semicolons
+    - Many performance improvements
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.11
+    - deps: negotiator@0.6.1
+  * deps: content-type@~1.0.2
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+  * deps: cookie@0.3.1
+    - Add `sameSite` option
+    - Fix cookie `Max-Age` to never be a floating point number
+    - Improve error message when `encode` is not a function
+    - Improve error message when `expires` is not a `Date`
+    - Throw better error for invalid argument to parse
+    - Throw on invalid values provided to `serialize`
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+    - perf: hoist regular expression
+    - perf: use for loop in parse
+    - perf: use string concatenation for serialization
+  * deps: finalhandler@0.5.0
+    - Change invalid or non-numeric status code to 500
+    - Overwrite status message to match set status code
+    - Prefer `err.statusCode` if `err.status` is invalid
+    - Set response headers from `err.headers` object
+    - Use `statuses` instead of `http` module for status messages
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.1.2
+    - Fix accepting various invalid netmasks
+    - Fix IPv6-mapped IPv4 validation edge cases
+    - IPv4 netmasks must be contiguous
+    - IPv6 addresses cannot be used as a netmask
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@1.1.1
+  * deps: qs@6.2.0
+    - Add `decoder` option in `parse` function
+  * deps: range-parser@~1.2.0
+    - Add `combine` option to combine overlapping ranges
+    - Fix incorrectly returning -1 when there is at least one valid range
+    - perf: remove internal function
+  * deps: send@0.14.1
+    - Add `acceptRanges` option
+    - Add `cacheControl` option
+    - Attempt to combine multiple ranges into single range
+    - Correctly inherit from `Stream` class
+    - Fix `Content-Range` header in 416 responses when using `start`/`end` options
+    - Fix `Content-Range` header missing from default 416 responses
+    - Fix redirect error when `path` contains raw non-URL characters
+    - Fix redirect when `path` starts with multiple forward slashes
+    - Ignore non-byte `Range` headers
+    - deps: http-errors@~1.5.0
+    - deps: range-parser@~1.2.0
+    - deps: statuses@~1.3.0
+    - perf: remove argument reassignment
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.11.1
+    - Add `acceptRanges` option
+    - Add `cacheControl` option
+    - Attempt to combine multiple ranges into single range
+    - Fix redirect error when `req.url` contains raw non-URL characters
+    - Ignore non-byte `Range` headers
+    - Use status code 301 for redirects
+    - deps: send@0.14.1
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.13
+    - Fix type error when given invalid type to match against
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.11
+  * deps: vary@~1.1.0
+    - Only accept valid field names in the `field` argument
+  * perf: use strict equality when possible
+
+4.13.4 / 2016-01-21
+===================
+
+  * deps: content-disposition@0.5.1
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+  * deps: cookie@0.1.5
+    - Throw on invalid values provided to `serialize`
+  * deps: depd@~1.1.0
+    - Support web browser loading
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+  * deps: escape-html@~1.0.3
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+    - perf: optimize string replacement
+    - perf: use faster string coercion
+  * deps: finalhandler@0.4.1
+    - deps: escape-html@~1.0.3
+  * deps: merge-descriptors@1.0.1
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+  * deps: methods@~1.1.2
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+  * deps: parseurl@~1.3.1
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.10
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@1.0.5
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+  * deps: range-parser@~1.0.3
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+  * deps: send@0.13.1
+    - deps: depd@~1.1.0
+    - deps: destroy@~1.0.4
+    - deps: escape-html@~1.0.3
+    - deps: range-parser@~1.0.3
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.10.2
+    - deps: escape-html@~1.0.3
+    - deps: parseurl@~1.3.0
+    - deps: send@0.13.1
+
+4.13.3 / 2015-08-02
+===================
+
+  * Fix infinite loop condition using `mergeParams: true`
+  * Fix inner numeric indices incorrectly altering parent `req.params`
+
+4.13.2 / 2015-07-31
+===================
+
+  * deps: accepts@~1.2.12
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.4
+  * deps: array-flatten@1.1.1
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+  * deps: path-to-regexp@0.1.7
+    - Fix regression with escaped round brackets and matching groups
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.6
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.4
+
+4.13.1 / 2015-07-05
+===================
+
+  * deps: accepts@~1.2.10
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.2
+  * deps: qs@4.0.0
+    - Fix dropping parameters like `hasOwnProperty`
+    - Fix various parsing edge cases
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.4
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.2
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+    - perf: remove argument reassignment
+
+4.13.0 / 2015-06-20
+===================
+
+  * Add settings to debug output
+  * Fix `res.format` error when only `default` provided
+  * Fix issue where `next('route')` in `app.param` would incorrectly skip values
+  * Fix hiding platform issues with `decodeURIComponent`
+    - Only `URIError`s are a 400
+  * Fix using `*` before params in routes
+  * Fix using capture groups before params in routes
+  * Simplify `res.cookie` to call `res.append`
+  * Use `array-flatten` module for flattening arrays
+  * deps: accepts@~1.2.9
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.1
+    - perf: avoid argument reassignment & argument slice
+    - perf: avoid negotiator recursive construction
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+    - perf: remove unnecessary bitwise operator
+  * deps: cookie@0.1.3
+    - perf: deduce the scope of try-catch deopt
+    - perf: remove argument reassignments
+  * deps: escape-html@1.0.2
+  * deps: etag@~1.7.0
+    - Always include entity length in ETags for hash length extensions
+    - Generate non-Stats ETags using MD5 only (no longer CRC32)
+    - Improve stat performance by removing hashing
+    - Improve support for JXcore
+    - Remove base64 padding in ETags to shorten
+    - Support "fake" stats objects in environments without fs
+    - Use MD5 instead of MD4 in weak ETags over 1KB
+  * deps: finalhandler@0.4.0
+    - Fix a false-positive when unpiping in Node.js 0.8
+    - Support `statusCode` property on `Error` objects
+    - Use `unpipe` module for unpiping requests
+    - deps: escape-html@1.0.2
+    - deps: on-finished@~2.3.0
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+    - perf: remove argument reassignment
+  * deps: fresh@0.3.0
+    - Add weak `ETag` matching support
+  * deps: on-finished@~2.3.0
+    - Add defined behavior for HTTP `CONNECT` requests
+    - Add defined behavior for HTTP `Upgrade` requests
+    - deps: ee-first@1.1.1
+  * deps: path-to-regexp@0.1.6
+  * deps: send@0.13.0
+    - Allow Node.js HTTP server to set `Date` response header
+    - Fix incorrectly removing `Content-Location` on 304 response
+    - Improve the default redirect response headers
+    - Send appropriate headers on default error response
+    - Use `http-errors` for standard emitted errors
+    - Use `statuses` instead of `http` module for status messages
+    - deps: escape-html@1.0.2
+    - deps: etag@~1.7.0
+    - deps: fresh@0.3.0
+    - deps: on-finished@~2.3.0
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+    - perf: remove unnecessary array allocations
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.10.0
+    - Add `fallthrough` option
+    - Fix reading options from options prototype
+    - Improve the default redirect response headers
+    - Malformed URLs now `next()` instead of 400
+    - deps: escape-html@1.0.2
+    - deps: send@0.13.0
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+    - perf: remove argument reassignment
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.3
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.1.1
+    - perf: reduce try block size
+    - perf: remove bitwise operations
+  * perf: enable strict mode
+  * perf: isolate `app.render` try block
+  * perf: remove argument reassignments in application
+  * perf: remove argument reassignments in request prototype
+  * perf: remove argument reassignments in response prototype
+  * perf: remove argument reassignments in routing
+  * perf: remove argument reassignments in `View`
+  * perf: skip attempting to decode zero length string
+  * perf: use saved reference to `http.STATUS_CODES`
+
+4.12.4 / 2015-05-17
+===================
+
+  * deps: accepts@~1.2.7
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.11
+    - deps: negotiator@0.5.3
+  * deps: debug@~2.2.0
+    - deps: ms@0.7.1
+  * deps: depd@~1.0.1
+  * deps: etag@~1.6.0
+    - Improve support for JXcore
+    - Support "fake" stats objects in environments without `fs`
+  * deps: finalhandler@0.3.6
+    - deps: debug@~2.2.0
+    - deps: on-finished@~2.2.1
+  * deps: on-finished@~2.2.1
+    - Fix `isFinished(req)` when data buffered
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.8
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@1.0.1
+  * deps: qs@2.4.2
+   - Fix allowing parameters like `constructor`
+  * deps: send@0.12.3
+    - deps: debug@~2.2.0
+    - deps: depd@~1.0.1
+    - deps: etag@~1.6.0
+    - deps: ms@0.7.1
+    - deps: on-finished@~2.2.1
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.9.3
+    - deps: send@0.12.3
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.2
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.11
+
+4.12.3 / 2015-03-17
+===================
+
+  * deps: accepts@~1.2.5
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.10
+  * deps: debug@~2.1.3
+    - Fix high intensity foreground color for bold
+    - deps: ms@0.7.0
+  * deps: finalhandler@0.3.4
+    - deps: debug@~2.1.3
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.7
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@0.1.9
+  * deps: qs@2.4.1
+    - Fix error when parameter `hasOwnProperty` is present
+  * deps: send@0.12.2
+    - Throw errors early for invalid `extensions` or `index` options
+    - deps: debug@~2.1.3
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.9.2
+    - deps: send@0.12.2
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.1
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.10
+
+4.12.2 / 2015-03-02
+===================
+
+  * Fix regression where `"Request aborted"` is logged using `res.sendFile`
+
+4.12.1 / 2015-03-01
+===================
+
+  * Fix constructing application with non-configurable prototype properties
+  * Fix `ECONNRESET` errors from `res.sendFile` usage
+  * Fix `req.host` when using "trust proxy" hops count
+  * Fix `req.protocol`/`req.secure` when using "trust proxy" hops count
+  * Fix wrong `code` on aborted connections from `res.sendFile`
+  * deps: merge-descriptors@1.0.0
+
+4.12.0 / 2015-02-23
+===================
+
+  * Fix `"trust proxy"` setting to inherit when app is mounted
+  * Generate `ETag`s for all request responses
+    - No longer restricted to only responses for `GET` and `HEAD` requests
+  * Use `content-type` to parse `Content-Type` headers
+  * deps: accepts@~1.2.4
+    - Fix preference sorting to be stable for long acceptable lists
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.9
+    - deps: negotiator@0.5.1
+  * deps: cookie-signature@1.0.6
+  * deps: send@0.12.1
+    - Always read the stat size from the file
+    - Fix mutating passed-in `options`
+    - deps: mime@1.3.4
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.9.1
+    - deps: send@0.12.1
+  * deps: type-is@~1.6.0
+    - fix argument reassignment
+    - fix false-positives in `hasBody` `Transfer-Encoding` check
+    - support wildcard for both type and subtype (`*/*`)
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.9
+
+4.11.2 / 2015-02-01
+===================
+
+  * Fix `res.redirect` double-calling `res.end` for `HEAD` requests
+  * deps: accepts@~1.2.3
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.8
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.6
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@0.1.8
+  * deps: type-is@~1.5.6
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.8
+
+4.11.1 / 2015-01-20
+===================
+
+  * deps: send@0.11.1
+    - Fix root path disclosure
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.8.1
+    - Fix redirect loop in Node.js 0.11.14
+    - Fix root path disclosure
+    - deps: send@0.11.1
+
+4.11.0 / 2015-01-13
+===================
+
+  * Add `res.append(field, val)` to append headers
+  * Deprecate leading `:` in `name` for `app.param(name, fn)`
+  * Deprecate `req.param()` -- use `req.params`, `req.body`, or `req.query` instead
+  * Deprecate `app.param(fn)`
+  * Fix `OPTIONS` responses to include the `HEAD` method properly
+  * Fix `res.sendFile` not always detecting aborted connection
+  * Match routes iteratively to prevent stack overflows
+  * deps: accepts@~1.2.2
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.7
+    - deps: negotiator@0.5.0
+  * deps: send@0.11.0
+    - deps: debug@~2.1.1
+    - deps: etag@~1.5.1
+    - deps: ms@0.7.0
+    - deps: on-finished@~2.2.0
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.8.0
+    - deps: send@0.11.0
+
+4.10.8 / 2015-01-13
+===================
+
+  * Fix crash from error within `OPTIONS` response handler
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.5
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@0.1.6
+
+4.10.7 / 2015-01-04
+===================
+
+  * Fix `Allow` header for `OPTIONS` to not contain duplicate methods
+  * Fix incorrect "Request aborted" for `res.sendFile` when `HEAD` or 304
+  * deps: debug@~2.1.1
+  * deps: finalhandler@0.3.3
+    - deps: debug@~2.1.1
+    - deps: on-finished@~2.2.0
+  * deps: methods@~1.1.1
+  * deps: on-finished@~2.2.0
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.7.2
+    - Fix potential open redirect when mounted at root
+  * deps: type-is@~1.5.5
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.7
+
+4.10.6 / 2014-12-12
+===================
+
+  * Fix exception in `req.fresh`/`req.stale` without response headers
+
+4.10.5 / 2014-12-10
+===================
+
+  * Fix `res.send` double-calling `res.end` for `HEAD` requests
+  * deps: accepts@~1.1.4
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.4
+  * deps: type-is@~1.5.4
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.4
+
+4.10.4 / 2014-11-24
+===================
+
+  * Fix `res.sendfile` logging standard write errors
+
+4.10.3 / 2014-11-23
+===================
+
+  * Fix `res.sendFile` logging standard write errors
+  * deps: etag@~1.5.1
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.4
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@0.1.5
+  * deps: qs@2.3.3
+    - Fix `arrayLimit` behavior
+
+4.10.2 / 2014-11-09
+===================
+
+  * Correctly invoke async router callback asynchronously
+  * deps: accepts@~1.1.3
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.3
+  * deps: type-is@~1.5.3
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.3
+
+4.10.1 / 2014-10-28
+===================
+
+  * Fix handling of URLs containing `://` in the path
+  * deps: qs@2.3.2
+    - Fix parsing of mixed objects and values
+
+4.10.0 / 2014-10-23
+===================
+
+  * Add support for `app.set('views', array)`
+    - Views are looked up in sequence in array of directories
+  * Fix `res.send(status)` to mention `res.sendStatus(status)`
+  * Fix handling of invalid empty URLs
+  * Use `content-disposition` module for `res.attachment`/`res.download`
+    - Sends standards-compliant `Content-Disposition` header
+    - Full Unicode support
+  * Use `path.resolve` in view lookup
+  * deps: debug@~2.1.0
+    - Implement `DEBUG_FD` env variable support
+  * deps: depd@~1.0.0
+  * deps: etag@~1.5.0
+    - Improve string performance
+    - Slightly improve speed for weak ETags over 1KB
+  * deps: finalhandler@0.3.2
+    - Terminate in progress response only on error
+    - Use `on-finished` to determine request status
+    - deps: debug@~2.1.0
+    - deps: on-finished@~2.1.1
+  * deps: on-finished@~2.1.1
+    - Fix handling of pipelined requests
+  * deps: qs@2.3.0
+    - Fix parsing of mixed implicit and explicit arrays
+  * deps: send@0.10.1
+    - deps: debug@~2.1.0
+    - deps: depd@~1.0.0
+    - deps: etag@~1.5.0
+    - deps: on-finished@~2.1.1
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.7.1
+    - deps: send@0.10.1
+
+4.9.8 / 2014-10-17
+==================
+
+  * Fix `res.redirect` body when redirect status specified
+  * deps: accepts@~1.1.2
+    - Fix error when media type has invalid parameter
+    - deps: negotiator@0.4.9
+
+4.9.7 / 2014-10-10
+==================
+
+  * Fix using same param name in array of paths
+
+4.9.6 / 2014-10-08
+==================
+
+  * deps: accepts@~1.1.1
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.2
+    - deps: negotiator@0.4.8
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.6.4
+    - Fix redirect loop when index file serving disabled
+  * deps: type-is@~1.5.2
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.2
+
+4.9.5 / 2014-09-24
+==================
+
+  * deps: etag@~1.4.0
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.3
+    - Use `forwarded` npm module
+  * deps: send@0.9.3
+    - deps: etag@~1.4.0
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.6.3
+    - deps: send@0.9.3
+
+4.9.4 / 2014-09-19
+==================
+
+  * deps: qs@2.2.4
+    - Fix issue with object keys starting with numbers truncated
+
+4.9.3 / 2014-09-18
+==================
+
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.2
+    - Fix a global leak when multiple subnets are trusted
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@0.1.3
+
+4.9.2 / 2014-09-17
+==================
+
+  * Fix regression for empty string `path` in `app.use`
+  * Fix `router.use` to accept array of middleware without path
+  * Improve error message for bad `app.use` arguments
+
+4.9.1 / 2014-09-16
+==================
+
+  * Fix `app.use` to accept array of middleware without path
+  * deps: depd@0.4.5
+  * deps: etag@~1.3.1
+  * deps: send@0.9.2
+    - deps: depd@0.4.5
+    - deps: etag@~1.3.1
+    - deps: range-parser@~1.0.2
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.6.2
+    - deps: send@0.9.2
+
+4.9.0 / 2014-09-08
+==================
+
+  * Add `res.sendStatus`
+  * Invoke callback for sendfile when client aborts
+    - Applies to `res.sendFile`, `res.sendfile`, and `res.download`
+    - `err` will be populated with request aborted error
+  * Support IP address host in `req.subdomains`
+  * Use `etag` to generate `ETag` headers
+  * deps: accepts@~1.1.0
+    - update `mime-types`
+  * deps: cookie-signature@1.0.5
+  * deps: debug@~2.0.0
+  * deps: finalhandler@0.2.0
+    - Set `X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff` header
+    - deps: debug@~2.0.0
+  * deps: fresh@0.2.4
+  * deps: media-typer@0.3.0
+    - Throw error when parameter format invalid on parse
+  * deps: qs@2.2.3
+    - Fix issue where first empty value in array is discarded
+  * deps: range-parser@~1.0.2
+  * deps: send@0.9.1
+    - Add `lastModified` option
+    - Use `etag` to generate `ETag` header
+    - deps: debug@~2.0.0
+    - deps: fresh@0.2.4
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.6.1
+    - Add `lastModified` option
+    - deps: send@0.9.1
+  * deps: type-is@~1.5.1
+    - fix `hasbody` to be true for `content-length: 0`
+    - deps: media-typer@0.3.0
+    - deps: mime-types@~2.0.1
+  * deps: vary@~1.0.0
+    - Accept valid `Vary` header string as `field`
+
+4.8.8 / 2014-09-04
+==================
+
+  * deps: send@0.8.5
+    - Fix a path traversal issue when using `root`
+    - Fix malicious path detection for empty string path
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.5.4
+    - deps: send@0.8.5
+
+4.8.7 / 2014-08-29
+==================
+
+  * deps: qs@2.2.2
+    - Remove unnecessary cloning
+
+4.8.6 / 2014-08-27
+==================
+
+  * deps: qs@2.2.0
+    - Array parsing fix
+    - Performance improvements
+
+4.8.5 / 2014-08-18
+==================
+
+  * deps: send@0.8.3
+    - deps: destroy@1.0.3
+    - deps: on-finished@2.1.0
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.5.3
+    - deps: send@0.8.3
+
+4.8.4 / 2014-08-14
+==================
+
+  * deps: qs@1.2.2
+  * deps: send@0.8.2
+    - Work around `fd` leak in Node.js 0.10 for `fs.ReadStream`
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.5.2
+    - deps: send@0.8.2
+
+4.8.3 / 2014-08-10
+==================
+
+  * deps: parseurl@~1.3.0
+  * deps: qs@1.2.1
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.5.1
+    - Fix parsing of weird `req.originalUrl` values
+    - deps: parseurl@~1.3.0
+    - deps: utils-merge@1.0.0
+
+4.8.2 / 2014-08-07
+==================
+
+  * deps: qs@1.2.0
+    - Fix parsing array of objects
+
+4.8.1 / 2014-08-06
+==================
+
+  * fix incorrect deprecation warnings on `res.download`
+  * deps: qs@1.1.0
+    - Accept urlencoded square brackets
+    - Accept empty values in implicit array notation
+
+4.8.0 / 2014-08-05
+==================
+
+  * add `res.sendFile`
+    - accepts a file system path instead of a URL
+    - requires an absolute path or `root` option specified
+  * deprecate `res.sendfile` -- use `res.sendFile` instead
+  * support mounted app as any argument to `app.use()`
+  * deps: qs@1.0.2
+    - Complete rewrite
+    - Limits array length to 20
+    - Limits object depth to 5
+    - Limits parameters to 1,000
+  * deps: send@0.8.1
+    - Add `extensions` option
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.5.0
+    - Add `extensions` option
+    - deps: send@0.8.1
+
+4.7.4 / 2014-08-04
+==================
+
+  * fix `res.sendfile` regression for serving directory index files
+  * deps: send@0.7.4
+    - Fix incorrect 403 on Windows and Node.js 0.11
+    - Fix serving index files without root dir
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.4.4
+    - deps: send@0.7.4
+
+4.7.3 / 2014-08-04
+==================
+
+  * deps: send@0.7.3
+    - Fix incorrect 403 on Windows and Node.js 0.11
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.4.3
+    - Fix incorrect 403 on Windows and Node.js 0.11
+    - deps: send@0.7.3
+
+4.7.2 / 2014-07-27
+==================
+
+  * deps: depd@0.4.4
+    - Work-around v8 generating empty stack traces
+  * deps: send@0.7.2
+    - deps: depd@0.4.4
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.4.2
+
+4.7.1 / 2014-07-26
+==================
+
+  * deps: depd@0.4.3
+    - Fix exception when global `Error.stackTraceLimit` is too low
+  * deps: send@0.7.1
+    - deps: depd@0.4.3
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.4.1
+
+4.7.0 / 2014-07-25
+==================
+
+  * fix `req.protocol` for proxy-direct connections
+  * configurable query parser with `app.set('query parser', parser)`
+    - `app.set('query parser', 'extended')` parse with "qs" module
+    - `app.set('query parser', 'simple')` parse with "querystring" core module
+    - `app.set('query parser', false)` disable query string parsing
+    - `app.set('query parser', true)` enable simple parsing
+  * deprecate `res.json(status, obj)` -- use `res.status(status).json(obj)` instead
+  * deprecate `res.jsonp(status, obj)` -- use `res.status(status).jsonp(obj)` instead
+  * deprecate `res.send(status, body)` -- use `res.status(status).send(body)` instead
+  * deps: debug@1.0.4
+  * deps: depd@0.4.2
+    - Add `TRACE_DEPRECATION` environment variable
+    - Remove non-standard grey color from color output
+    - Support `--no-deprecation` argument
+    - Support `--trace-deprecation` argument
+  * deps: finalhandler@0.1.0
+    - Respond after request fully read
+    - deps: debug@1.0.4
+  * deps: parseurl@~1.2.0
+    - Cache URLs based on original value
+    - Remove no-longer-needed URL mis-parse work-around
+    - Simplify the "fast-path" `RegExp`
+  * deps: send@0.7.0
+    - Add `dotfiles` option
+    - Cap `maxAge` value to 1 year
+    - deps: debug@1.0.4
+    - deps: depd@0.4.2
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.4.0
+    - deps: parseurl@~1.2.0
+    - deps: send@0.7.0
+  * perf: prevent multiple `Buffer` creation in `res.send`
+
+4.6.1 / 2014-07-12
+==================
+
+  * fix `subapp.mountpath` regression for `app.use(subapp)`
+
+4.6.0 / 2014-07-11
+==================
+
+  * accept multiple callbacks to `app.use()`
+  * add explicit "Rosetta Flash JSONP abuse" protection
+    - previous versions are not vulnerable; this is just explicit protection
+  * catch errors in multiple `req.param(name, fn)` handlers
+  * deprecate `res.redirect(url, status)` -- use `res.redirect(status, url)` instead
+  * fix `res.send(status, num)` to send `num` as json (not error)
+  * remove unnecessary escaping when `res.jsonp` returns JSON response
+  * support non-string `path` in `app.use(path, fn)`
+    - supports array of paths
+    - supports `RegExp`
+  * router: fix optimization on router exit
+  * router: refactor location of `try` blocks
+  * router: speed up standard `app.use(fn)`
+  * deps: debug@1.0.3
+    - Add support for multiple wildcards in namespaces
+  * deps: finalhandler@0.0.3
+    - deps: debug@1.0.3
+  * deps: methods@1.1.0
+    - add `CONNECT`
+  * deps: parseurl@~1.1.3
+    - faster parsing of href-only URLs
+  * deps: path-to-regexp@0.1.3
+  * deps: send@0.6.0
+    - deps: debug@1.0.3
+  * deps: serve-static@~1.3.2
+    - deps: parseurl@~1.1.3
+    - deps: send@0.6.0
+  * perf: fix arguments reassign deopt in some `res` methods
+
+4.5.1 / 2014-07-06
+==================
+
+ * fix routing regression when altering `req.method`
+
+4.5.0 / 2014-07-04
+==================
+
+ * add deprecation message to non-plural `req.accepts*`
+ * add deprecation message to `res.send(body, status)`
+ * add deprecation message to `res.vary()`
+ * add `headers` option to `res.sendfile`
+   - use to set headers on successful file transfer
+ * add `mergeParams` option to `Router`
+   - merges `req.params` from parent routes
+ * add `req.hostname` -- correct name for what `req.host` returns
+ * deprecate things with `depd` module
+ * deprecate `req.host` -- use `req.hostname` instead
+ * fix behavior when handling request without routes
+ * fix handling when `route.all` is only route
+ * invoke `router.param()` only when route matches
+ * restore `req.params` after invoking router
+ * use `finalhandler` for final response handling
+ * use `media-typer` to alter content-type charset
+ * deps: accepts@~1.0.7
+ * deps: send@0.5.0
+   - Accept string for `maxage` (converted by `ms`)
+   - Include link in default redirect response
+ * deps: serve-static@~1.3.0
+   - Accept string for `maxAge` (converted by `ms`)
+   - Add `setHeaders` option
+   - Include HTML link in redirect response
+   - deps: send@0.5.0
+ * deps: type-is@~1.3.2
+
+4.4.5 / 2014-06-26
+==================
+
+ * deps: cookie-signature@1.0.4
+   - fix for timing attacks
+
+4.4.4 / 2014-06-20
+==================
+
+ * fix `res.attachment` Unicode filenames in Safari
+ * fix "trim prefix" debug message in `express:router`
+ * deps: accepts@~1.0.5
+ * deps: buffer-crc32@0.2.3
+
+4.4.3 / 2014-06-11
+==================
+
+ * fix persistence of modified `req.params[name]` from `app.param()`
+ * deps: accepts@1.0.3
+   - deps: negotiator@0.4.6
+ * deps: debug@1.0.2
+ * deps: send@0.4.3
+   - Do not throw uncatchable error on file open race condition
+   - Use `escape-html` for HTML escaping
+   - deps: debug@1.0.2
+   - deps: finished@1.2.2
+   - deps: fresh@0.2.2
+ * deps: serve-static@1.2.3
+   - Do not throw uncatchable error on file open race condition
+   - deps: send@0.4.3
+
+4.4.2 / 2014-06-09
+==================
+
+ * fix catching errors from top-level handlers
+ * use `vary` module for `res.vary`
+ * deps: debug@1.0.1
+ * deps: proxy-addr@1.0.1
+ * deps: send@0.4.2
+   - fix "event emitter leak" warnings
+   - deps: debug@1.0.1
+   - deps: finished@1.2.1
+ * deps: serve-static@1.2.2
+   - fix "event emitter leak" warnings
+   - deps: send@0.4.2
+ * deps: type-is@1.2.1
+
+4.4.1 / 2014-06-02
+==================
+
+ * deps: methods@1.0.1
+ * deps: send@0.4.1
+   - Send `max-age` in `Cache-Control` in correct format
+ * deps: serve-static@1.2.1
+   - use `escape-html` for escaping
+   - deps: send@0.4.1
+
+4.4.0 / 2014-05-30
+==================
+
+ * custom etag control with `app.set('etag', val)`
+   - `app.set('etag', function(body, encoding){ return '"etag"' })` custom etag generation
+   - `app.set('etag', 'weak')` weak tag
+   - `app.set('etag', 'strong')` strong etag
+   - `app.set('etag', false)` turn off
+   - `app.set('etag', true)` standard etag
+ * mark `res.send` ETag as weak and reduce collisions
+ * update accepts to 1.0.2
+   - Fix interpretation when header not in request
+ * update send to 0.4.0
+   - Calculate ETag with md5 for reduced collisions
+   - Ignore stream errors after request ends
+   - deps: debug@0.8.1
+ * update serve-static to 1.2.0
+   - Calculate ETag with md5 for reduced collisions
+   - Ignore stream errors after request ends
+   - deps: send@0.4.0
+
+4.3.2 / 2014-05-28
+==================
+
+ * fix handling of errors from `router.param()` callbacks
+
+4.3.1 / 2014-05-23
+==================
+
+ * revert "fix behavior of multiple `app.VERB` for the same path"
+   - this caused a regression in the order of route execution
+
+4.3.0 / 2014-05-21
+==================
+
+ * add `req.baseUrl` to access the path stripped from `req.url` in routes
+ * fix behavior of multiple `app.VERB` for the same path
+ * fix issue routing requests among sub routers
+ * invoke `router.param()` only when necessary instead of every match
+ * proper proxy trust with `app.set('trust proxy', trust)`
+   - `app.set('trust proxy', 1)` trust first hop
+   - `app.set('trust proxy', 'loopback')` trust loopback addresses
+   - `app.set('trust proxy', '10.0.0.1')` trust single IP
+   - `app.set('trust proxy', '10.0.0.1/16')` trust subnet
+   - `app.set('trust proxy', '10.0.0.1, 10.0.0.2')` trust list
+   - `app.set('trust proxy', false)` turn off
+   - `app.set('trust proxy', true)` trust everything
+ * set proper `charset` in `Content-Type` for `res.send`
+ * update type-is to 1.2.0
+   - support suffix matching
+
+4.2.0 / 2014-05-11
+==================
+
+ * deprecate `app.del()` -- use `app.delete()` instead
+ * deprecate `res.json(obj, status)` -- use `res.json(status, obj)` instead
+   - the edge-case `res.json(status, num)` requires `res.status(status).json(num)`
+ * deprecate `res.jsonp(obj, status)` -- use `res.jsonp(status, obj)` instead
+   - the edge-case `res.jsonp(status, num)` requires `res.status(status).jsonp(num)`
+ * fix `req.next` when inside router instance
+ * include `ETag` header in `HEAD` requests
+ * keep previous `Content-Type` for `res.jsonp`
+ * support PURGE method
+   - add `app.purge`
+   - add `router.purge`
+   - include PURGE in `app.all`
+ * update debug to 0.8.0
+   - add `enable()` method
+   - change from stderr to stdout
+ * update methods to 1.0.0
+   - add PURGE
+
+4.1.2 / 2014-05-08
+==================
+
+ * fix `req.host` for IPv6 literals
+ * fix `res.jsonp` error if callback param is object
+
+4.1.1 / 2014-04-27
+==================
+
+ * fix package.json to reflect supported node version
+
+4.1.0 / 2014-04-24
+==================
+
+ * pass options from `res.sendfile` to `send`
+ * preserve casing of headers in `res.header` and `res.set`
+ * support unicode file names in `res.attachment` and `res.download`
+ * update accepts to 1.0.1
+   - deps: negotiator@0.4.0
+ * update cookie to 0.1.2
+   - Fix for maxAge == 0
+   - made compat with expires field
+ * update send to 0.3.0
+   - Accept API options in options object
+   - Coerce option types
+   - Control whether to generate etags
+   - Default directory access to 403 when index disabled
+   - Fix sending files with dots without root set
+   - Include file path in etag
+   - Make "Can't set headers after they are sent." catchable
+   - Send full entity-body for multi range requests
+   - Set etags to "weak"
+   - Support "If-Range" header
+   - Support multiple index paths
+   - deps: mime@1.2.11
+ * update serve-static to 1.1.0
+   - Accept options directly to `send` module
+   - Resolve relative paths at middleware setup
+   - Use parseurl to parse the URL from request
+   - deps: send@0.3.0
+ * update type-is to 1.1.0
+   - add non-array values support
+   - add `multipart` as a shorthand
+
+4.0.0 / 2014-04-09
+==================
+
+ * remove:
+   - node 0.8 support
+   - connect and connect's patches except for charset handling
+   - express(1) - moved to [express-generator](https://github.com/expressjs/generator)
+   - `express.createServer()` - it has been deprecated for a long time. Use `express()`
+   - `app.configure` - use logic in your own app code
+   - `app.router` - is removed
+   - `req.auth` - use `basic-auth` instead
+   - `req.accepted*` - use `req.accepts*()` instead
+   - `res.location` - relative URL resolution is removed
+   - `res.charset` - include the charset in the content type when using `res.set()`
+   - all bundled middleware except `static`
+ * change:
+   - `app.route` -> `app.mountpath` when mounting an express app in another express app
+   - `json spaces` no longer enabled by default in development
+   - `req.accepts*` -> `req.accepts*s` - i.e. `req.acceptsEncoding` -> `req.acceptsEncodings`
+   - `req.params` is now an object instead of an array
+   - `res.locals` is no longer a function. It is a plain js object. Treat it as such.
+   - `res.headerSent` -> `res.headersSent` to match node.js ServerResponse object
+ * refactor:
+   - `req.accepts*` with [accepts](https://github.com/expressjs/accepts)
+   - `req.is` with [type-is](https://github.com/expressjs/type-is)
+   - [path-to-regexp](https://github.com/component/path-to-regexp)
+ * add:
+   - `app.router()` - returns the app Router instance
+   - `app.route()` - Proxy to the app's `Router#route()` method to create a new route
+   - Router & Route - public API
+
+3.21.2 / 2015-07-31
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.30.2
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.13.3
+    - deps: compression@~1.5.2
+    - deps: errorhandler@~1.4.2
+    - deps: method-override@~2.3.5
+    - deps: serve-index@~1.7.2
+    - deps: type-is@~1.6.6
+    - deps: vhost@~3.0.1
+  * deps: vary@~1.0.1
+    - Fix setting empty header from empty `field`
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+    - perf: remove argument reassignments
+
+3.21.1 / 2015-07-05
+===================
+
+  * deps: basic-auth@~1.0.3
+  * deps: connect@2.30.1
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.13.2
+    - deps: compression@~1.5.1
+    - deps: errorhandler@~1.4.1
+    - deps: morgan@~1.6.1
+    - deps: pause@0.1.0
+    - deps: qs@4.0.0
+    - deps: serve-index@~1.7.1
+    - deps: type-is@~1.6.4
+
+3.21.0 / 2015-06-18
+===================
+
+  * deps: basic-auth@1.0.2
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+    - perf: hoist regular expression
+    - perf: parse with regular expressions
+    - perf: remove argument reassignment
+  * deps: connect@2.30.0
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.13.1
+    - deps: bytes@2.1.0
+    - deps: compression@~1.5.0
+    - deps: cookie@0.1.3
+    - deps: cookie-parser@~1.3.5
+    - deps: csurf@~1.8.3
+    - deps: errorhandler@~1.4.0
+    - deps: express-session@~1.11.3
+    - deps: finalhandler@0.4.0
+    - deps: fresh@0.3.0
+    - deps: morgan@~1.6.0
+    - deps: serve-favicon@~2.3.0
+    - deps: serve-index@~1.7.0
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.10.0
+    - deps: type-is@~1.6.3
+  * deps: cookie@0.1.3
+    - perf: deduce the scope of try-catch deopt
+    - perf: remove argument reassignments
+  * deps: escape-html@1.0.2
+  * deps: etag@~1.7.0
+    - Always include entity length in ETags for hash length extensions
+    - Generate non-Stats ETags using MD5 only (no longer CRC32)
+    - Improve stat performance by removing hashing
+    - Improve support for JXcore
+    - Remove base64 padding in ETags to shorten
+    - Support "fake" stats objects in environments without fs
+    - Use MD5 instead of MD4 in weak ETags over 1KB
+  * deps: fresh@0.3.0
+    - Add weak `ETag` matching support
+  * deps: mkdirp@0.5.1
+    - Work in global strict mode
+  * deps: send@0.13.0
+    - Allow Node.js HTTP server to set `Date` response header
+    - Fix incorrectly removing `Content-Location` on 304 response
+    - Improve the default redirect response headers
+    - Send appropriate headers on default error response
+    - Use `http-errors` for standard emitted errors
+    - Use `statuses` instead of `http` module for status messages
+    - deps: escape-html@1.0.2
+    - deps: etag@~1.7.0
+    - deps: fresh@0.3.0
+    - deps: on-finished@~2.3.0
+    - perf: enable strict mode
+    - perf: remove unnecessary array allocations
+
+3.20.3 / 2015-05-17
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.29.2
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.12.4
+    - deps: compression@~1.4.4
+    - deps: connect-timeout@~1.6.2
+    - deps: debug@~2.2.0
+    - deps: depd@~1.0.1
+    - deps: errorhandler@~1.3.6
+    - deps: finalhandler@0.3.6
+    - deps: method-override@~2.3.3
+    - deps: morgan@~1.5.3
+    - deps: qs@2.4.2
+    - deps: response-time@~2.3.1
+    - deps: serve-favicon@~2.2.1
+    - deps: serve-index@~1.6.4
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.9.3
+    - deps: type-is@~1.6.2
+  * deps: debug@~2.2.0
+    - deps: ms@0.7.1
+  * deps: depd@~1.0.1
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.8
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@1.0.1
+  * deps: send@0.12.3
+    - deps: debug@~2.2.0
+    - deps: depd@~1.0.1
+    - deps: etag@~1.6.0
+    - deps: ms@0.7.1
+    - deps: on-finished@~2.2.1
+
+3.20.2 / 2015-03-16
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.29.1
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.12.2
+    - deps: compression@~1.4.3
+    - deps: connect-timeout@~1.6.1
+    - deps: debug@~2.1.3
+    - deps: errorhandler@~1.3.5
+    - deps: express-session@~1.10.4
+    - deps: finalhandler@0.3.4
+    - deps: method-override@~2.3.2
+    - deps: morgan@~1.5.2
+    - deps: qs@2.4.1
+    - deps: serve-index@~1.6.3
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.9.2
+    - deps: type-is@~1.6.1
+  * deps: debug@~2.1.3
+    - Fix high intensity foreground color for bold
+    - deps: ms@0.7.0
+  * deps: merge-descriptors@1.0.0
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.7
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@0.1.9
+  * deps: send@0.12.2
+    - Throw errors early for invalid `extensions` or `index` options
+    - deps: debug@~2.1.3
+
+3.20.1 / 2015-02-28
+===================
+
+  * Fix `req.host` when using "trust proxy" hops count
+  * Fix `req.protocol`/`req.secure` when using "trust proxy" hops count
+
+3.20.0 / 2015-02-18
+===================
+
+  * Fix `"trust proxy"` setting to inherit when app is mounted
+  * Generate `ETag`s for all request responses
+    - No longer restricted to only responses for `GET` and `HEAD` requests
+  * Use `content-type` to parse `Content-Type` headers
+  * deps: connect@2.29.0
+    - Use `content-type` to parse `Content-Type` headers
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.12.0
+    - deps: compression@~1.4.1
+    - deps: connect-timeout@~1.6.0
+    - deps: cookie-parser@~1.3.4
+    - deps: cookie-signature@1.0.6
+    - deps: csurf@~1.7.0
+    - deps: errorhandler@~1.3.4
+    - deps: express-session@~1.10.3
+    - deps: http-errors@~1.3.1
+    - deps: response-time@~2.3.0
+    - deps: serve-index@~1.6.2
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.9.1
+    - deps: type-is@~1.6.0
+  * deps: cookie-signature@1.0.6
+  * deps: send@0.12.1
+    - Always read the stat size from the file
+    - Fix mutating passed-in `options`
+    - deps: mime@1.3.4
+
+3.19.2 / 2015-02-01
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.28.3
+    - deps: compression@~1.3.1
+    - deps: csurf@~1.6.6
+    - deps: errorhandler@~1.3.3
+    - deps: express-session@~1.10.2
+    - deps: serve-index@~1.6.1
+    - deps: type-is@~1.5.6
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.6
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@0.1.8
+
+3.19.1 / 2015-01-20
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.28.2
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.10.2
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.8.1
+  * deps: send@0.11.1
+    - Fix root path disclosure
+
+3.19.0 / 2015-01-09
+===================
+
+  * Fix `OPTIONS` responses to include the `HEAD` method property
+  * Use `readline` for prompt in `express(1)`
+  * deps: commander@2.6.0
+  * deps: connect@2.28.1
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.10.1
+    - deps: compression@~1.3.0
+    - deps: connect-timeout@~1.5.0
+    - deps: csurf@~1.6.4
+    - deps: debug@~2.1.1
+    - deps: errorhandler@~1.3.2
+    - deps: express-session@~1.10.1
+    - deps: finalhandler@0.3.3
+    - deps: method-override@~2.3.1
+    - deps: morgan@~1.5.1
+    - deps: serve-favicon@~2.2.0
+    - deps: serve-index@~1.6.0
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.8.0
+    - deps: type-is@~1.5.5
+  * deps: debug@~2.1.1
+  * deps: methods@~1.1.1
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.5
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@0.1.6
+  * deps: send@0.11.0
+    - deps: debug@~2.1.1
+    - deps: etag@~1.5.1
+    - deps: ms@0.7.0
+    - deps: on-finished@~2.2.0
+
+3.18.6 / 2014-12-12
+===================
+
+  * Fix exception in `req.fresh`/`req.stale` without response headers
+
+3.18.5 / 2014-12-11
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.27.6
+    - deps: compression@~1.2.2
+    - deps: express-session@~1.9.3
+    - deps: http-errors@~1.2.8
+    - deps: serve-index@~1.5.3
+    - deps: type-is@~1.5.4
+
+3.18.4 / 2014-11-23
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.27.4
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.9.3
+    - deps: compression@~1.2.1
+    - deps: errorhandler@~1.2.3
+    - deps: express-session@~1.9.2
+    - deps: qs@2.3.3
+    - deps: serve-favicon@~2.1.7
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.5.1
+    - deps: type-is@~1.5.3
+  * deps: etag@~1.5.1
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.4
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@0.1.5
+
+3.18.3 / 2014-11-09
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.27.3
+    - Correctly invoke async callback asynchronously
+    - deps: csurf@~1.6.3
+
+3.18.2 / 2014-10-28
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.27.2
+    - Fix handling of URLs containing `://` in the path
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.9.2
+    - deps: qs@2.3.2
+
+3.18.1 / 2014-10-22
+===================
+
+  * Fix internal `utils.merge` deprecation warnings
+  * deps: connect@2.27.1
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.9.1
+    - deps: express-session@~1.9.1
+    - deps: finalhandler@0.3.2
+    - deps: morgan@~1.4.1
+    - deps: qs@2.3.0
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.7.1
+  * deps: send@0.10.1
+    - deps: on-finished@~2.1.1
+
+3.18.0 / 2014-10-17
+===================
+
+  * Use `content-disposition` module for `res.attachment`/`res.download`
+    - Sends standards-compliant `Content-Disposition` header
+    - Full Unicode support
+  * Use `etag` module to generate `ETag` headers
+  * deps: connect@2.27.0
+    - Use `http-errors` module for creating errors
+    - Use `utils-merge` module for merging objects
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.9.0
+    - deps: compression@~1.2.0
+    - deps: connect-timeout@~1.4.0
+    - deps: debug@~2.1.0
+    - deps: depd@~1.0.0
+    - deps: express-session@~1.9.0
+    - deps: finalhandler@0.3.1
+    - deps: method-override@~2.3.0
+    - deps: morgan@~1.4.0
+    - deps: response-time@~2.2.0
+    - deps: serve-favicon@~2.1.6
+    - deps: serve-index@~1.5.0
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.7.0
+  * deps: debug@~2.1.0
+    - Implement `DEBUG_FD` env variable support
+  * deps: depd@~1.0.0
+  * deps: send@0.10.0
+    - deps: debug@~2.1.0
+    - deps: depd@~1.0.0
+    - deps: etag@~1.5.0
+
+3.17.8 / 2014-10-15
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.26.6
+    - deps: compression@~1.1.2
+    - deps: csurf@~1.6.2
+    - deps: errorhandler@~1.2.2
+
+3.17.7 / 2014-10-08
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.26.5
+    - Fix accepting non-object arguments to `logger`
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.6.4
+
+3.17.6 / 2014-10-02
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.26.4
+    - deps: morgan@~1.3.2
+    - deps: type-is@~1.5.2
+
+3.17.5 / 2014-09-24
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.26.3
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.8.4
+    - deps: serve-favicon@~2.1.5
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.6.3
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.3
+    - Use `forwarded` npm module
+  * deps: send@0.9.3
+    - deps: etag@~1.4.0
+
+3.17.4 / 2014-09-19
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.26.2
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.8.3
+    - deps: qs@2.2.4
+
+3.17.3 / 2014-09-18
+===================
+
+  * deps: proxy-addr@~1.0.2
+    - Fix a global leak when multiple subnets are trusted
+    - deps: ipaddr.js@0.1.3
+
+3.17.2 / 2014-09-15
+===================
+
+  * Use `crc` instead of `buffer-crc32` for speed
+  * deps: connect@2.26.1
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.8.2
+    - deps: depd@0.4.5
+    - deps: express-session@~1.8.2
+    - deps: morgan@~1.3.1
+    - deps: serve-favicon@~2.1.3
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.6.2
+  * deps: depd@0.4.5
+  * deps: send@0.9.2
+    - deps: depd@0.4.5
+    - deps: etag@~1.3.1
+    - deps: range-parser@~1.0.2
+
+3.17.1 / 2014-09-08
+===================
+
+  * Fix error in `req.subdomains` on empty host
+
+3.17.0 / 2014-09-08
+===================
+
+  * Support `X-Forwarded-Host` in `req.subdomains`
+  * Support IP address host in `req.subdomains`
+  * deps: connect@2.26.0
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.8.1
+    - deps: compression@~1.1.0
+    - deps: connect-timeout@~1.3.0
+    - deps: cookie-parser@~1.3.3
+    - deps: cookie-signature@1.0.5
+    - deps: csurf@~1.6.1
+    - deps: debug@~2.0.0
+    - deps: errorhandler@~1.2.0
+    - deps: express-session@~1.8.1
+    - deps: finalhandler@0.2.0
+    - deps: fresh@0.2.4
+    - deps: media-typer@0.3.0
+    - deps: method-override@~2.2.0
+    - deps: morgan@~1.3.0
+    - deps: qs@2.2.3
+    - deps: serve-favicon@~2.1.3
+    - deps: serve-index@~1.2.1
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.6.1
+    - deps: type-is@~1.5.1
+    - deps: vhost@~3.0.0
+  * deps: cookie-signature@1.0.5
+  * deps: debug@~2.0.0
+  * deps: fresh@0.2.4
+  * deps: media-typer@0.3.0
+    - Throw error when parameter format invalid on parse
+  * deps: range-parser@~1.0.2
+  * deps: send@0.9.1
+    - Add `lastModified` option
+    - Use `etag` to generate `ETag` header
+    - deps: debug@~2.0.0
+    - deps: fresh@0.2.4
+  * deps: vary@~1.0.0
+    - Accept valid `Vary` header string as `field`
+
+3.16.10 / 2014-09-04
+====================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.25.10
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.5.4
+  * deps: send@0.8.5
+    - Fix a path traversal issue when using `root`
+    - Fix malicious path detection for empty string path
+
+3.16.9 / 2014-08-29
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.25.9
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.6.7
+    - deps: qs@2.2.2
+
+3.16.8 / 2014-08-27
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.25.8
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.6.6
+    - deps: csurf@~1.4.1
+    - deps: qs@2.2.0
+
+3.16.7 / 2014-08-18
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.25.7
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.6.5
+    - deps: express-session@~1.7.6
+    - deps: morgan@~1.2.3
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.5.3
+  * deps: send@0.8.3
+    - deps: destroy@1.0.3
+    - deps: on-finished@2.1.0
+
+3.16.6 / 2014-08-14
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.25.6
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.6.4
+    - deps: qs@1.2.2
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.5.2
+  * deps: send@0.8.2
+    - Work around `fd` leak in Node.js 0.10 for `fs.ReadStream`
+
+3.16.5 / 2014-08-11
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.25.5
+    - Fix backwards compatibility in `logger`
+
+3.16.4 / 2014-08-10
+===================
+
+  * Fix original URL parsing in `res.location`
+  * deps: connect@2.25.4
+    - Fix `query` middleware breaking with argument
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.6.3
+    - deps: compression@~1.0.11
+    - deps: connect-timeout@~1.2.2
+    - deps: express-session@~1.7.5
+    - deps: method-override@~2.1.3
+    - deps: on-headers@~1.0.0
+    - deps: parseurl@~1.3.0
+    - deps: qs@1.2.1
+    - deps: response-time@~2.0.1
+    - deps: serve-index@~1.1.6
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.5.1
+  * deps: parseurl@~1.3.0
+
+3.16.3 / 2014-08-07
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.25.3
+    - deps: multiparty@3.3.2
+
+3.16.2 / 2014-08-07
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.25.2
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.6.2
+    - deps: qs@1.2.0
+
+3.16.1 / 2014-08-06
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.25.1
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.6.1
+    - deps: qs@1.1.0
+
+3.16.0 / 2014-08-05
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.25.0
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.6.0
+    - deps: compression@~1.0.10
+    - deps: csurf@~1.4.0
+    - deps: express-session@~1.7.4
+    - deps: qs@1.0.2
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.5.0
+  * deps: send@0.8.1
+    - Add `extensions` option
+
+3.15.3 / 2014-08-04
+===================
+
+  * fix `res.sendfile` regression for serving directory index files
+  * deps: connect@2.24.3
+    - deps: serve-index@~1.1.5
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.4.4
+  * deps: send@0.7.4
+    - Fix incorrect 403 on Windows and Node.js 0.11
+    - Fix serving index files without root dir
+
+3.15.2 / 2014-07-27
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.24.2
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.5.2
+    - deps: depd@0.4.4
+    - deps: express-session@~1.7.2
+    - deps: morgan@~1.2.2
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.4.2
+  * deps: depd@0.4.4
+    - Work-around v8 generating empty stack traces
+  * deps: send@0.7.2
+    - deps: depd@0.4.4
+
+3.15.1 / 2014-07-26
+===================
+
+  * deps: connect@2.24.1
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.5.1
+    - deps: depd@0.4.3
+    - deps: express-session@~1.7.1
+    - deps: morgan@~1.2.1
+    - deps: serve-index@~1.1.4
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.4.1
+  * deps: depd@0.4.3
+    - Fix exception when global `Error.stackTraceLimit` is too low
+  * deps: send@0.7.1
+    - deps: depd@0.4.3
+
+3.15.0 / 2014-07-22
+===================
+
+  * Fix `req.protocol` for proxy-direct connections
+  * Pass options from `res.sendfile` to `send`
+  * deps: connect@2.24.0
+    - deps: body-parser@~1.5.0
+    - deps: compression@~1.0.9
+    - deps: connect-timeout@~1.2.1
+    - deps: debug@1.0.4
+    - deps: depd@0.4.2
+    - deps: express-session@~1.7.0
+    - deps: finalhandler@0.1.0
+    - deps: method-override@~2.1.2
+    - deps: morgan@~1.2.0
+    - deps: multiparty@3.3.1
+    - deps: parseurl@~1.2.0
+    - deps: serve-static@~1.4.0
+  * deps: debug@1.0.4
+  * deps: depd@0.4.2
+    - Add `TRACE_DEPRECATION` environment variable
+    - Remove non-standard grey color from color output
+    - Support `--no-deprecation` argument
+    - Support `--trace-deprecation` argument
+  * deps: parseurl@~1.2.0
+    - Cache URLs based on original value
+    - Remove no-longer-needed URL mis-parse work-around
+    - Simplify the "fast-path" `RegExp`
+  * deps: send@0.7.0
+    - Add `dotfiles` option
+    - Cap `maxAge` value to 1 year
+    - deps: debug@1.0.4
+    - deps: depd@0.4.2
+
+3.14.0 / 2014-07-11
+===================
+
+ * add explicit "Rosetta Flash JSONP abuse" protection
+   - previous versions are not vulnerable; this is just explicit protection
+ * deprecate `res.redirect(url, status)` -- use `res.redirect(status, url)` instead
+ * fix `res.send(status, num)` to send `num` as json (not error)
+ * remove unnecessary escaping when `res.jsonp` returns JSON response
+ * deps: basic-auth@1.0.0
+   - support empty password
+   - support empty username
+ * deps: connect@2.23.0
+   - deps: debug@1.0.3
+   - deps: express-session@~1.6.4
+   - deps: method-override@~2.1.0
+   - deps: parseurl@~1.1.3
+   - deps: serve-static@~1.3.1
+  * deps: debug@1.0.3
+    - Add support for multiple wildcards in namespaces
+  * deps: methods@1.1.0
+    - add `CONNECT`
+  * deps: parseurl@~1.1.3
+    - faster parsing of href-only URLs
+
+3.13.0 / 2014-07-03
+===================
+
+ * add deprecation message to `app.configure`
+ * add deprecation message to `req.auth`
+ * use `basic-auth` to parse `Authorization` header
+ * deps: connect@2.22.0
+   - deps: csurf@~1.3.0
+   - deps: express-session@~1.6.1
+   - deps: multiparty@3.3.0
+   - deps: serve-static@~1.3.0
+ * deps: send@0.5.0
+   - Accept string for `maxage` (converted by `ms`)
+   - Include link in default redirect response
+
+3.12.1 / 2014-06-26
+===================
+
+ * deps: connect@2.21.1
+   - deps: cookie-parser@1.3.2
+   - deps: cookie-signature@1.0.4
+   - deps: express-session@~1.5.2
+   - deps: type-is@~1.3.2
+ * deps: cookie-signature@1.0.4
+   - fix for timing attacks
+
+3.12.0 / 2014-06-21
+===================
+
+ * use `media-typer` to alter content-type charset
+ * deps: connect@2.21.0
+   - deprecate `connect(middleware)` -- use `app.use(middleware)` instead
+   - deprecate `connect.createServer()` -- use `connect()` instead
+   - fix `res.setHeader()` patch to work with get -> append -> set pattern
+   - deps: compression@~1.0.8
+   - deps: errorhandler@~1.1.1
+   - deps: express-session@~1.5.0
+   - deps: serve-index@~1.1.3
+
+3.11.0 / 2014-06-19
+===================
+
+ * deprecate things with `depd` module
+ * deps: buffer-crc32@0.2.3
+ * deps: connect@2.20.2
+   - deprecate `verify` option to `json` -- use `body-parser` npm module instead
+   - deprecate `verify` option to `urlencoded` -- use `body-parser` npm module instead
+   - deprecate things with `depd` module
+   - use `finalhandler` for final response handling
+   - use `media-typer` to parse `content-type` for charset
+   - deps: body-parser@1.4.3
+   - deps: connect-timeout@1.1.1
+   - deps: cookie-parser@1.3.1
+   - deps: csurf@1.2.2
+   - deps: errorhandler@1.1.0
+   - deps: express-session@1.4.0
+   - deps: multiparty@3.2.9
+   - deps: serve-index@1.1.2
+   - deps: type-is@1.3.1
+   - deps: vhost@2.0.0
+
+3.10.5 / 2014-06-11
+===================
+
+ * deps: connect@2.19.6
+   - deps: body-parser@1.3.1
+   - deps: compression@1.0.7
+   - deps: debug@1.0.2
+   - deps: serve-index@1.1.1
+   - deps: serve-static@1.2.3
+ * deps: debug@1.0.2
+ * deps: send@0.4.3
+   - Do not throw uncatchable error on file open race condition
+   - Use `escape-html` for HTML escaping
+   - deps: debug@1.0.2
+   - deps: finished@1.2.2
+   - deps: fresh@0.2.2
+
+3.10.4 / 2014-06-09
+===================
+
+ * deps: connect@2.19.5
+   - fix "event emitter leak" warnings
+   - deps: csurf@1.2.1
+   - deps: debug@1.0.1
+   - deps: serve-static@1.2.2
+   - deps: type-is@1.2.1
+ * deps: debug@1.0.1
+ * deps: send@0.4.2
+   - fix "event emitter leak" warnings
+   - deps: finished@1.2.1
+   - deps: debug@1.0.1
+
+3.10.3 / 2014-06-05
+===================
+
+ * use `vary` module for `res.vary`
+ * deps: connect@2.19.4
+   - deps: errorhandler@1.0.2
+   - deps: method-override@2.0.2
+   - deps: serve-favicon@2.0.1
+ * deps: debug@1.0.0
+
+3.10.2 / 2014-06-03
+===================
+
+ * deps: connect@2.19.3
+   - deps: compression@1.0.6
+
+3.10.1 / 2014-06-03
+===================
+
+ * deps: connect@2.19.2
+   - deps: compression@1.0.4
+ * deps: proxy-addr@1.0.1
+
+3.10.0 / 2014-06-02
+===================
+
+ * deps: connect@2.19.1
+   - deprecate `methodOverride()` -- use `method-override` npm module instead
+   - deps: body-parser@1.3.0
+   - deps: method-override@2.0.1
+   - deps: multiparty@3.2.8
+   - deps: response-time@2.0.0
+   - deps: serve-static@1.2.1
+ * deps: methods@1.0.1
+ * deps: send@0.4.1
+   - Send `max-age` in `Cache-Control` in correct format
+
+3.9.0 / 2014-05-30
+==================
+
+ * custom etag control with `app.set('etag', val)`
+   - `app.set('etag', function(body, encoding){ return '"etag"' })` custom etag generation
+   - `app.set('etag', 'weak')` weak tag
+   - `app.set('etag', 'strong')` strong etag
+   - `app.set('etag', false)` turn off
+   - `app.set('etag', true)` standard etag
+ * Include ETag in HEAD requests
+ * mark `res.send` ETag as weak and reduce collisions
+ * update connect to 2.18.0
+   - deps: compression@1.0.3
+   - deps: serve-index@1.1.0
+   - deps: serve-static@1.2.0
+ * update send to 0.4.0
+   - Calculate ETag with md5 for reduced collisions
+   - Ignore stream errors after request ends
+   - deps: debug@0.8.1
+
+3.8.1 / 2014-05-27
+==================
+
+ * update connect to 2.17.3
+   - deps: body-parser@1.2.2
+   - deps: express-session@1.2.1
+   - deps: method-override@1.0.2
+
+3.8.0 / 2014-05-21
+==================
+
+ * keep previous `Content-Type` for `res.jsonp`
+ * set proper `charset` in `Content-Type` for `res.send`
+ * update connect to 2.17.1
+   - fix `res.charset` appending charset when `content-type` has one
+   - deps: express-session@1.2.0
+   - deps: morgan@1.1.1
+   - deps: serve-index@1.0.3
+
+3.7.0 / 2014-05-18
+==================
+
+ * proper proxy trust with `app.set('trust proxy', trust)`
+   - `app.set('trust proxy', 1)` trust first hop
+   - `app.set('trust proxy', 'loopback')` trust loopback addresses
+   - `app.set('trust proxy', '10.0.0.1')` trust single IP
+   - `app.set('trust proxy', '10.0.0.1/16')` trust subnet
+   - `app.set('trust proxy', '10.0.0.1, 10.0.0.2')` trust list
+   - `app.set('trust proxy', false)` turn off
+   - `app.set('trust proxy', true)` trust everything
+ * update connect to 2.16.2
+   - deprecate `res.headerSent` -- use `res.headersSent`
+   - deprecate `res.on("header")` -- use on-headers module instead
+   - fix edge-case in `res.appendHeader` that would append in wrong order
+   - json: use body-parser
+   - urlencoded: use body-parser
+   - dep: bytes@1.0.0
+   - dep: cookie-parser@1.1.0
+   - dep: csurf@1.2.0
+   - dep: express-session@1.1.0
+   - dep: method-override@1.0.1
+
+3.6.0 / 2014-05-09
+==================
+
+ * deprecate `app.del()` -- use `app.delete()` instead
+ * deprecate `res.json(obj, status)` -- use `res.json(status, obj)` instead
+   - the edge-case `res.json(status, num)` requires `res.status(status).json(num)`
+ * deprecate `res.jsonp(obj, status)` -- use `res.jsonp(status, obj)` instead
+   - the edge-case `res.jsonp(status, num)` requires `res.status(status).jsonp(num)`
+ * support PURGE method
+   - add `app.purge`
+   - add `router.purge`
+   - include PURGE in `app.all`
+ * update connect to 2.15.0
+   * Add `res.appendHeader`
+   * Call error stack even when response has been sent
+   * Patch `res.headerSent` to return Boolean
+   * Patch `res.headersSent` for node.js 0.8
+   * Prevent default 404 handler after response sent
+   * dep: compression@1.0.2
+   * dep: connect-timeout@1.1.0
+   * dep: debug@^0.8.0
+   * dep: errorhandler@1.0.1
+   * dep: express-session@1.0.4
+   * dep: morgan@1.0.1
+   * dep: serve-favicon@2.0.0
+   * dep: serve-index@1.0.2
+ * update debug to 0.8.0
+   * add `enable()` method
+   * change from stderr to stdout
+ * update methods to 1.0.0
+   - add PURGE
+ * update mkdirp to 0.5.0
+
+3.5.3 / 2014-05-08
+==================
+
+ * fix `req.host` for IPv6 literals
+ * fix `res.jsonp` error if callback param is object
+
+3.5.2 / 2014-04-24
+==================
+
+ * update connect to 2.14.5
+ * update cookie to 0.1.2
+ * update mkdirp to 0.4.0
+ * update send to 0.3.0
+
+3.5.1 / 2014-03-25
+==================
+
+ * pin less-middleware in generated app
+
+3.5.0 / 2014-03-06
+==================
+
+ * bump deps
+
+3.4.8 / 2014-01-13
+==================
+
+ * prevent incorrect automatic OPTIONS responses #1868 @dpatti
+ * update binary and examples for jade 1.0 #1876 @yossi, #1877 @reqshark, #1892 @matheusazzi
+ * throw 400 in case of malformed paths @rlidwka
+
+3.4.7 / 2013-12-10
+==================
+
+ * update connect
+
+3.4.6 / 2013-12-01
+==================
+
+ * update connect (raw-body)
+
+3.4.5 / 2013-11-27
+==================
+
+ * update connect
+ * res.location: remove leading ./ #1802 @kapouer
+ * res.redirect: fix `res.redirect('toString') #1829 @michaelficarra
+ * res.send: always send ETag when content-length > 0
+ * router: add Router.all() method
+
+3.4.4 / 2013-10-29
+==================
+
+ * update connect
+ * update supertest
+ * update methods
+ * express(1): replace bodyParser() with urlencoded() and json() #1795 @chirag04
+
+3.4.3 / 2013-10-23
+==================
+
+ * update connect
+
+3.4.2 / 2013-10-18
+==================
+
+ * update connect
+ * downgrade commander
+
+3.4.1 / 2013-10-15
+==================
+
+ * update connect
+ * update commander
+ * jsonp: check if callback is a function
+ * router: wrap encodeURIComponent in a try/catch #1735 (@lxe)
+ * res.format: now includes charset @1747 (@sorribas)
+ * res.links: allow multiple calls @1746 (@sorribas)
+
+3.4.0 / 2013-09-07
+==================
+
+ * add res.vary(). Closes #1682
+ * update connect
+
+3.3.8 / 2013-09-02
+==================
+
+ * update connect
+
+3.3.7 / 2013-08-28
+==================
+
+ * update connect
+
+3.3.6 / 2013-08-27
+==================
+
+ * Revert "remove charset from json responses. Closes #1631" (causes issues in some clients)
+ * add: req.accepts take an argument list
+
+3.3.4 / 2013-07-08
+==================
+
+ * update send and connect
+
+3.3.3 / 2013-07-04
+==================
+
+ * update connect
+
+3.3.2 / 2013-07-03
+==================
+
+ * update connect
+ * update send
+ * remove .version export
+
+3.3.1 / 2013-06-27
+==================
+
+ * update connect
+
+3.3.0 / 2013-06-26
+==================
+
+ * update connect
+ * add support for multiple X-Forwarded-Proto values. Closes #1646
+ * change: remove charset from json responses. Closes #1631
+ * change: return actual booleans from req.accept* functions
+ * fix jsonp callback array throw
+
+3.2.6 / 2013-06-02
+==================
+
+ * update connect
+
+3.2.5 / 2013-05-21
+==================
+
+ * update connect
+ * update node-cookie
+ * add: throw a meaningful error when there is no default engine
+ * change generation of ETags with res.send() to GET requests only. Closes #1619
+
+3.2.4 / 2013-05-09
+==================
+
+  * fix `req.subdomains` when no Host is present
+  * fix `req.host` when no Host is present, return undefined
+
+3.2.3 / 2013-05-07
+==================
+
+  * update connect / qs
+
+3.2.2 / 2013-05-03
+==================
+
+  * update qs
+
+3.2.1 / 2013-04-29
+==================
+
+  * add app.VERB() paths array deprecation warning
+  * update connect
+  * update qs and remove all ~ semver crap
+  * fix: accept number as value of Signed Cookie
+
+3.2.0 / 2013-04-15
+==================
+
+  * add "view" constructor setting to override view behaviour
+  * add req.acceptsEncoding(name)
+  * add req.acceptedEncodings
+  * revert cookie signature change causing session race conditions
+  * fix sorting of Accept values of the same quality
+
+3.1.2 / 2013-04-12
+==================
+
+  * add support for custom Accept parameters
+  * update cookie-signature
+
+3.1.1 / 2013-04-01
+==================
+
+  * add X-Forwarded-Host support to `req.host`
+  * fix relative redirects
+  * update mkdirp
+  * update buffer-crc32
+  * remove legacy app.configure() method from app template.
+
+3.1.0 / 2013-01-25
+==================
+
+  * add support for leading "." in "view engine" setting
+  * add array support to `res.set()`
+  * add node 0.8.x to travis.yml
+  * add "subdomain offset" setting for tweaking `req.subdomains`
+  * add `res.location(url)` implementing `res.redirect()`-like setting of Location
+  * use app.get() for x-powered-by setting for inheritance
+  * fix colons in passwords for `req.auth`
+
+3.0.6 / 2013-01-04
+==================
+
+  * add http verb methods to Router
+  * update connect
+  * fix mangling of the `res.cookie()` options object
+  * fix jsonp whitespace escape. Closes #1132
+
+3.0.5 / 2012-12-19
+==================
+
+  * add throwing when a non-function is passed to a route
+  * fix: explicitly remove Transfer-Encoding header from 204 and 304 responses
+  * revert "add 'etag' option"
+
+3.0.4 / 2012-12-05
+==================
+
+  * add 'etag' option to disable `res.send()` Etags
+  * add escaping of urls in text/plain in `res.redirect()`
+    for old browsers interpreting as html
+  * change crc32 module for a more liberal license
+  * update connect
+
+3.0.3 / 2012-11-13
+==================
+
+  * update connect
+  * update cookie module
+  * fix cookie max-age
+
+3.0.2 / 2012-11-08
+==================
+
+  * add OPTIONS to cors example. Closes #1398
+  * fix route chaining regression. Closes #1397
+
+3.0.1 / 2012-11-01
+==================
+
+  * update connect
+
+3.0.0 / 2012-10-23
+==================
+
+  * add `make clean`
+  * add "Basic" check to req.auth
+  * add `req.auth` test coverage
+  * add cb && cb(payload) to `res.jsonp()`. Closes #1374
+  * add backwards compat for `res.redirect()` status. Closes #1336
+  * add support for `res.json()` to retain previously defined Content-Types. Closes #1349
+  * update connect
+  * change `res.redirect()` to utilize a pathname-relative Location again. Closes #1382
+  * remove non-primitive string support for `res.send()`
+  * fix view-locals example. Closes #1370
+  * fix route-separation example
+
+3.0.0rc5 / 2012-09-18
+==================
+
+  * update connect
+  * add redis search example
+  * add static-files example
+  * add "x-powered-by" setting (`app.disable('x-powered-by')`)
+  * add "application/octet-stream" redirect Accept test case. Closes #1317
+
+3.0.0rc4 / 2012-08-30
+==================
+
+  * add `res.jsonp()`. Closes #1307
+  * add "verbose errors" option to error-pages example
+  * add another route example to express(1) so people are not so confused
+  * add redis online user activity tracking example
+  * update connect dep
+  * fix etag quoting. Closes #1310
+  * fix error-pages 404 status
+  * fix jsonp callback char restrictions
+  * remove old OPTIONS default response
+
+3.0.0rc3 / 2012-08-13
+==================
+
+  * update connect dep
+  * fix signed cookies to work with `connect.cookieParser()` ("s:" prefix was missing) [tnydwrds]
+  * fix `res.render()` clobbering of "locals"
+
+3.0.0rc2 / 2012-08-03
+==================
+
+  * add CORS example
+  * update connect dep
+  * deprecate `.createServer()` & remove old stale examples
+  * fix: escape `res.redirect()` link
+  * fix vhost example
+
+3.0.0rc1 / 2012-07-24
+==================
+
+  * add more examples to view-locals
+  * add scheme-relative redirects (`res.redirect("//foo.com")`) support
+  * update cookie dep
+  * update connect dep
+  * update send dep
+  * fix `express(1)` -h flag, use -H for hogan. Closes #1245
+  * fix `res.sendfile()` socket error handling regression
+
+3.0.0beta7 / 2012-07-16
+==================
+
+  * update connect dep for `send()` root normalization regression
+
+3.0.0beta6 / 2012-07-13
+==================
+
+  * add `err.view` property for view errors. Closes #1226
+  * add "jsonp callback name" setting
+  * add support for "/foo/:bar*" non-greedy matches
+  * change `res.sendfile()` to use `send()` module
+  * change `res.send` to use "response-send" module
+  * remove `app.locals.use` and `res.locals.use`, use regular middleware
+
+3.0.0beta5 / 2012-07-03
+==================
+
+  * add "make check" support
+  * add route-map example
+  * add `res.json(obj, status)` support back for BC
+  * add "methods" dep, remove internal methods module
+  * update connect dep
+  * update auth example to utilize cores pbkdf2
+  * updated tests to use "supertest"
+
+3.0.0beta4 / 2012-06-25
+==================
+
+  * Added `req.auth`
+  * Added `req.range(size)`
+  * Added `res.links(obj)`
+  * Added `res.send(body, status)` support back for backwards compat
+  * Added `.default()` support to `res.format()`
+  * Added 2xx / 304 check to `req.fresh`
+  * Revert "Added + support to the router"
+  * Fixed `res.send()` freshness check, respect res.statusCode
+
+3.0.0beta3 / 2012-06-15
+==================
+
+  * Added hogan `--hjs` to express(1) [nullfirm]
+  * Added another example to content-negotiation
+  * Added `fresh` dep
+  * Changed: `res.send()` always checks freshness
+  * Fixed: expose connects mime module. Closes #1165
+
+3.0.0beta2 / 2012-06-06
+==================
+
+  * Added `+` support to the router
+  * Added `req.host`
+  * Changed `req.param()` to check route first
+  * Update connect dep
+
+3.0.0beta1 / 2012-06-01
+==================
+
+  * Added `res.format()` callback to override default 406 behaviour
+  * Fixed `res.redirect()` 406. Closes #1154
+
+3.0.0alpha5 / 2012-05-30
+==================
+
+  * Added `req.ip`
+  * Added `{ signed: true }` option to `res.cookie()`
+  * Removed `res.signedCookie()`
+  * Changed: dont reverse `req.ips`
+  * Fixed "trust proxy" setting check for `req.ips`
+
+3.0.0alpha4 / 2012-05-09
+==================
+
+  * Added: allow `[]` in jsonp callback. Closes #1128
+  * Added `PORT` env var support in generated template. Closes #1118 [benatkin]
+  * Updated: connect 2.2.2
+
+3.0.0alpha3 / 2012-05-04
+==================
+
+  * Added public `app.routes`. Closes #887
+  * Added _view-locals_ example
+  * Added _mvc_ example
+  * Added `res.locals.use()`. Closes #1120
+  * Added conditional-GET support to `res.send()`
+  * Added: coerce `res.set()` values to strings
+  * Changed: moved `static()` in generated apps below router
+  * Changed: `res.send()` only set ETag when not previously set
+  * Changed connect 2.2.1 dep
+  * Changed: `make test` now runs unit / acceptance tests
+  * Fixed req/res proto inheritance
+
+3.0.0alpha2 / 2012-04-26
+==================
+
+  * Added `make benchmark` back
+  * Added `res.send()` support for `String` objects
+  * Added client-side data exposing example
+  * Added `res.header()` and `req.header()` aliases for BC
+  * Added `express.createServer()` for BC
+  * Perf: memoize parsed urls
+  * Perf: connect 2.2.0 dep
+  * Changed: make `expressInit()` middleware self-aware
+  * Fixed: use app.get() for all core settings
+  * Fixed redis session example
+  * Fixed session example. Closes #1105
+  * Fixed generated express dep. Closes #1078
+
+3.0.0alpha1 / 2012-04-15
+==================
+
+  * Added `app.locals.use(callback)`
+  * Added `app.locals` object
+  * Added `app.locals(obj)`
+  * Added `res.locals` object
+  * Added `res.locals(obj)`
+  * Added `res.format()` for content-negotiation
+  * Added `app.engine()`
+  * Added `res.cookie()` JSON cookie support
+  * Added "trust proxy" setting
+  * Added `req.subdomains`
+  * Added `req.protocol`
+  * Added `req.secure`
+  * Added `req.path`
+  * Added `req.ips`
+  * Added `req.fresh`
+  * Added `req.stale`
+  * Added comma-delimited / array support for `req.accepts()`
+  * Added debug instrumentation
+  * Added `res.set(obj)`
+  * Added `res.set(field, value)`
+  * Added `res.get(field)`
+  * Added `app.get(setting)`. Closes #842
+  * Added `req.acceptsLanguage()`
+  * Added `req.acceptsCharset()`
+  * Added `req.accepted`
+  * Added `req.acceptedLanguages`
+  * Added `req.acceptedCharsets`
+  * Added "json replacer" setting
+  * Added "json spaces" setting
+  * Added X-Forwarded-Proto support to `res.redirect()`. Closes #92
+  * Added `--less` support to express(1)
+  * Added `express.response` prototype
+  * Added `express.request` prototype
+  * Added `express.application` prototype
+  * Added `app.path()`
+  * Added `app.render()`
+  * Added `res.type()` to replace `res.contentType()`
+  * Changed: `res.redirect()` to add relative support
+  * Changed: enable "jsonp callback" by default
+  * Changed: renamed "case sensitive routes" to "case sensitive routing"
+  * Rewrite of all tests with mocha
+  * Removed "root" setting
+  * Removed `res.redirect('home')` support
+  * Removed `req.notify()`
+  * Removed `app.register()`
+  * Removed `app.redirect()`
+  * Removed `app.is()`
+  * Removed `app.helpers()`
+  * Removed `app.dynamicHelpers()`
+  * Fixed `res.sendfile()` with non-GET. Closes #723
+  * Fixed express(1) public dir for windows. Closes #866
+
+2.5.9/ 2012-04-02
+==================
+
+  * Added support for PURGE request method [pbuyle]
+  * Fixed `express(1)` generated app `app.address()` before `listening` [mmalecki]
+
+2.5.8 / 2012-02-08
+==================
+
+  * Update mkdirp dep. Closes #991
+
+2.5.7 / 2012-02-06
+==================
+
+  * Fixed `app.all` duplicate DELETE requests [mscdex]
+
+2.5.6 / 2012-01-13
+==================
+
+  * Updated hamljs dev dep. Closes #953
+
+2.5.5 / 2012-01-08
+==================
+
+  * Fixed: set `filename` on cached templates [matthewleon]
+
+2.5.4 / 2012-01-02
+==================
+
+  * Fixed `express(1)` eol on 0.4.x. Closes #947
+
+2.5.3 / 2011-12-30
+==================
+
+  * Fixed `req.is()` when a charset is present
+
+2.5.2 / 2011-12-10
+==================
+
+  * Fixed: express(1) LF -> CRLF for windows
+
+2.5.1 / 2011-11-17
+==================
+
+  * Changed: updated connect to 1.8.x
+  * Removed sass.js support from express(1)
+
+2.5.0 / 2011-10-24
+==================
+
+  * Added ./routes dir for generated app by default
+  * Added npm install reminder to express(1) app gen
+  * Added 0.5.x support
+  * Removed `make test-cov` since it wont work with node 0.5.x
+  * Fixed express(1) public dir for windows. Closes #866
+
+2.4.7 / 2011-10-05
+==================
+
+  * Added mkdirp to express(1). Closes #795
+  * Added simple _json-config_ example
+  * Added  shorthand for the parsed request's pathname via `req.path`
+  * Changed connect dep to 1.7.x to fix npm issue...
+  * Fixed `res.redirect()` __HEAD__ support. [reported by xerox]
+  * Fixed `req.flash()`, only escape args
+  * Fixed absolute path checking on windows. Closes #829 [reported by andrewpmckenzie]
+
+2.4.6 / 2011-08-22
+==================
+
+  * Fixed multiple param callback regression. Closes #824 [reported by TroyGoode]
+
+2.4.5 / 2011-08-19
+==================
+
+  * Added support for routes to handle errors. Closes #809
+  * Added `app.routes.all()`. Closes #803
+  * Added "basepath" setting to work in conjunction with reverse proxies etc.
+  * Refactored `Route` to use a single array of callbacks
+  * Added support for multiple callbacks for `app.param()`. Closes #801
+Closes #805
+  * Changed: removed .call(self) for route callbacks
+  * Dependency: `qs >= 0.3.1`
+  * Fixed `res.redirect()` on windows due to `join()` usage. Closes #808
+
+2.4.4 / 2011-08-05
+==================
+
+  * Fixed `res.header()` intention of a set, even when `undefined`
+  * Fixed `*`, value no longer required
+  * Fixed `res.send(204)` support. Closes #771
+
+2.4.3 / 2011-07-14
+==================
+
+  * Added docs for `status` option special-case. Closes #739
+  * Fixed `options.filename`, exposing the view path to template engines
+
+2.4.2. / 2011-07-06
+==================
+
+  * Revert "removed jsonp stripping" for XSS
+
+2.4.1 / 2011-07-06
+==================
+
+  * Added `res.json()` JSONP support. Closes #737
+  * Added _extending-templates_ example. Closes #730
+  * Added "strict routing" setting for trailing slashes
+  * Added support for multiple envs in `app.configure()` calls. Closes #735
+  * Changed: `res.send()` using `res.json()`
+  * Changed: when cookie `path === null` don't default it
+  * Changed; default cookie path to "home" setting. Closes #731
+  * Removed _pids/logs_ creation from express(1)
+
+2.4.0 / 2011-06-28
+==================
+
+  * Added chainable `res.status(code)`
+  * Added `res.json()`, an explicit version of `res.send(obj)`
+  * Added simple web-service example
+
+2.3.12 / 2011-06-22
+==================
+
+  * \#express is now on freenode! come join!
+  * Added `req.get(field, param)`
+  * Added links to Japanese documentation, thanks @hideyukisaito!
+  * Added; the `express(1)` generated app outputs the env
+  * Added `content-negotiation` example
+  * Dependency: connect >= 1.5.1 < 2.0.0
+  * Fixed view layout bug. Closes #720
+  * Fixed; ignore body on 304. Closes #701
+
+2.3.11 / 2011-06-04
+==================
+
+  * Added `npm test`
+  * Removed generation of dummy test file from `express(1)`
+  * Fixed; `express(1)` adds express as a dep
+  * Fixed; prune on `prepublish`
+
+2.3.10 / 2011-05-27
+==================
+
+  * Added `req.route`, exposing the current route
+  * Added _package.json_ generation support to `express(1)`
+  * Fixed call to `app.param()` function for optional params. Closes #682
+
+2.3.9 / 2011-05-25
+==================
+
+  * Fixed bug-ish with `../' in `res.partial()` calls
+
+2.3.8 / 2011-05-24
+==================
+
+  * Fixed `app.options()`
+
+2.3.7 / 2011-05-23
+==================
+
+  * Added route `Collection`, ex: `app.get('/user/:id').remove();`
+  * Added support for `app.param(fn)` to define param logic
+  * Removed `app.param()` support for callback with return value
+  * Removed module.parent check from express(1) generated app. Closes #670
+  * Refactored router. Closes #639
+
+2.3.6 / 2011-05-20
+==================
+
+  * Changed; using devDependencies instead of git submodules
+  * Fixed redis session example
+  * Fixed markdown example
+  * Fixed view caching, should not be enabled in development
+
+2.3.5 / 2011-05-20
+==================
+
+  * Added export `.view` as alias for `.View`
+
+2.3.4 / 2011-05-08
+==================
+
+  * Added `./examples/say`
+  * Fixed `res.sendfile()` bug preventing the transfer of files with spaces
+
+2.3.3 / 2011-05-03
+==================
+
+  * Added "case sensitive routes" option.
+  * Changed; split methods supported per rfc [slaskis]
+  * Fixed route-specific middleware when using the same callback function several times
+
+2.3.2 / 2011-04-27
+==================
+
+  * Fixed view hints
+
+2.3.1 / 2011-04-26
+==================
+
+  * Added `app.match()` as `app.match.all()`
+  * Added `app.lookup()` as `app.lookup.all()`
+  * Added `app.remove()` for `app.remove.all()`
+  * Added `app.remove.VERB()`
+  * Fixed template caching collision issue. Closes #644
+  * Moved router over from connect and started refactor
+
+2.3.0 / 2011-04-25
+==================
+
+  * Added options support to `res.clearCookie()`
+  * Added `res.helpers()` as alias of `res.locals()`
+  * Added; json defaults to UTF-8 with `res.send()`. Closes #632. [Daniel   * Dependency `connect >= 1.4.0`
+  * Changed; auto set Content-Type in res.attachement [Aaron Heckmann]
+  * Renamed "cache views" to "view cache". Closes #628
+  * Fixed caching of views when using several apps. Closes #637
+  * Fixed gotcha invoking `app.param()` callbacks once per route middleware.
+Closes #638
+  * Fixed partial lookup precedence. Closes #631
+Shaw]
+
+2.2.2 / 2011-04-12
+==================
+
+  * Added second callback support for `res.download()` connection errors
+  * Fixed `filename` option passing to template engine
+
+2.2.1 / 2011-04-04
+==================
+
+  * Added `layout(path)` helper to change the layout within a view. Closes #610
+  * Fixed `partial()` collection object support.
+    Previously only anything with `.length` would work.
+    When `.length` is present one must still be aware of holes,
+    however now `{ collection: {foo: 'bar'}}` is valid, exposes
+    `keyInCollection` and `keysInCollection`.
+
+  * Performance improved with better view caching
+  * Removed `request` and `response` locals
+  * Changed; errorHandler page title is now `Express` instead of `Connect`
+
+2.2.0 / 2011-03-30
+==================
+
+  * Added `app.lookup.VERB()`, ex `app.lookup.put('/user/:id')`. Closes #606
+  * Added `app.match.VERB()`, ex `app.match.put('/user/12')`. Closes #606
+  * Added `app.VERB(path)` as alias of `app.lookup.VERB()`.
+  * Dependency `connect >= 1.2.0`
+
+2.1.1 / 2011-03-29
+==================
+
+  * Added; expose `err.view` object when failing to locate a view
+  * Fixed `res.partial()` call `next(err)` when no callback is given [reported by aheckmann]
+  * Fixed; `res.send(undefined)` responds with 204 [aheckmann]
+
+2.1.0 / 2011-03-24
+==================
+
+  * Added `<root>/_?<name>` partial lookup support. Closes #447
+  * Added `request`, `response`, and `app` local variables
+  * Added `settings` local variable, containing the app's settings
+  * Added `req.flash()` exception if `req.session` is not available
+  * Added `res.send(bool)` support (json response)
+  * Fixed stylus example for latest version
+  * Fixed; wrap try/catch around `res.render()`
+
+2.0.0 / 2011-03-17
+==================
+
+  * Fixed up index view path alternative.
+  * Changed; `res.locals()` without object returns the locals
+
+2.0.0rc3 / 2011-03-17
+==================
+
+  * Added `res.locals(obj)` to compliment `res.local(key, val)`
+  * Added `res.partial()` callback support
+  * Fixed recursive error reporting issue in `res.render()`
+
+2.0.0rc2 / 2011-03-17
+==================
+
+  * Changed; `partial()` "locals" are now optional
+  * Fixed `SlowBuffer` support. Closes #584 [reported by tyrda01]
+  * Fixed .filename view engine option [reported by drudge]
+  * Fixed blog example
+  * Fixed `{req,res}.app` reference when mounting [Ben Weaver]
+
+2.0.0rc / 2011-03-14
+==================
+
+  * Fixed; expose `HTTPSServer` constructor
+  * Fixed express(1) default test charset. Closes #579 [reported by secoif]
+  * Fixed; default charset to utf-8 instead of utf8 for lame IE [reported by NickP]
+
+2.0.0beta3 / 2011-03-09
+==================
+
+  * Added support for `res.contentType()` literal
+    The original `res.contentType('.json')`,
+    `res.contentType('application/json')`, and `res.contentType('json')`
+    will work now.
+  * Added `res.render()` status option support back
+  * Added charset option for `res.render()`
+  * Added `.charset` support (via connect 1.0.4)
+  * Added view resolution hints when in development and a lookup fails
+  * Added layout lookup support relative to the page view.
+    For example while rendering `./views/user/index.jade` if you create
+    `./views/user/layout.jade` it will be used in favour of the root layout.
+  * Fixed `res.redirect()`. RFC states absolute url [reported by unlink]
+  * Fixed; default `res.send()` string charset to utf8
+  * Removed `Partial` constructor (not currently used)
+
+2.0.0beta2 / 2011-03-07
+==================
+
+  * Added res.render() `.locals` support back to aid in migration process
+  * Fixed flash example
+
+2.0.0beta / 2011-03-03
+==================
+
+  * Added HTTPS support
+  * Added `res.cookie()` maxAge support
+  * Added `req.header()` _Referrer_ / _Referer_ special-case, either works
+  * Added mount support for `res.redirect()`, now respects the mount-point
+  * Added `union()` util, taking place of `merge(clone())` combo
+  * Added stylus support to express(1) generated app
+  * Added secret to session middleware used in examples and generated app
+  * Added `res.local(name, val)` for progressive view locals
+  * Added default param support to `req.param(name, default)`
+  * Added `app.disabled()` and `app.enabled()`
+  * Added `app.register()` support for omitting leading ".", either works
+  * Added `res.partial()`, using the same interface as `partial()` within a view. Closes #539
+  * Added `app.param()` to map route params to async/sync logic
+  * Added; aliased `app.helpers()` as `app.locals()`. Closes #481
+  * Added extname with no leading "." support to `res.contentType()`
+  * Added `cache views` setting, defaulting to enabled in "production" env
+  * Added index file partial resolution, eg: partial('user') may try _views/user/index.jade_.
+  * Added `req.accepts()` support for extensions
+  * Changed; `res.download()` and `res.sendfile()` now utilize Connect's
+    static file server `connect.static.send()`.
+  * Changed; replaced `connect.utils.mime()` with npm _mime_ module
+  * Changed; allow `req.query` to be pre-defined (via middleware or other parent
+  * Changed view partial resolution, now relative to parent view
+  * Changed view engine signature. no longer `engine.render(str, options, callback)`, now `engine.compile(str, options) -> Function`, the returned function accepts `fn(locals)`.
+  * Fixed `req.param()` bug returning Array.prototype methods. Closes #552
+  * Fixed; using `Stream#pipe()` instead of `sys.pump()` in `res.sendfile()`
+  * Fixed; using _qs_ module instead of _querystring_
+  * Fixed; strip unsafe chars from jsonp callbacks
+  * Removed "stream threshold" setting
+
+1.0.8 / 2011-03-01
+==================
+
+  * Allow `req.query` to be pre-defined (via middleware or other parent app)
+  * "connect": ">= 0.5.0 < 1.0.0". Closes #547
+  * Removed the long deprecated __EXPRESS_ENV__ support
+
+1.0.7 / 2011-02-07
+==================
+
+  * Fixed `render()` setting inheritance.
+    Mounted apps would not inherit "view engine"
+
+1.0.6 / 2011-02-07
+==================
+
+  * Fixed `view engine` setting bug when period is in dirname
+
+1.0.5 / 2011-02-05
+==================
+
+  * Added secret to generated app `session()` call
+
+1.0.4 / 2011-02-05
+==================
+
+  * Added `qs` dependency to _package.json_
+  * Fixed namespaced `require()`s for latest connect support
+
+1.0.3 / 2011-01-13
+==================
+
+  * Remove unsafe characters from JSONP callback names [Ryan Grove]
+
+1.0.2 / 2011-01-10
+==================
+
+  * Removed nested require, using `connect.router`
+
+1.0.1 / 2010-12-29
+==================
+
+  * Fixed for middleware stacked via `createServer()`
+    previously the `foo` middleware passed to `createServer(foo)`
+    would not have access to Express methods such as `res.send()`
+    or props like `req.query` etc.
+
+1.0.0 / 2010-11-16
+==================
+
+  * Added; deduce partial object names from the last segment.
+    For example by default `partial('forum/post', postObject)` will
+    give you the _post_ object, providing a meaningful default.
+  * Added http status code string representation to `res.redirect()` body
+  * Added; `res.redirect()` supporting _text/plain_ and _text/html_ via __Accept__.
+  * Added `req.is()` to aid in content negotiation
+  * Added partial local inheritance [suggested by masylum]. Closes #102
+    providing access to parent template locals.
+  * Added _-s, --session[s]_ flag to express(1) to add session related middleware
+  * Added _--template_ flag to express(1) to specify the
+    template engine to use.
+  * Added _--css_ flag to express(1) to specify the
+    stylesheet engine to use (or just plain css by default).
+  * Added `app.all()` support [thanks aheckmann]
+  * Added partial direct object support.
+    You may now `partial('user', user)` providing the "user" local,
+    vs previously `partial('user', { object: user })`.
+  * Added _route-separation_ example since many people question ways
+    to do this with CommonJS modules. Also view the _blog_ example for
+    an alternative.
+  * Performance; caching view path derived partial object names
+  * Fixed partial local inheritance precedence. [reported by Nick Poulden] Closes #454
+  * Fixed jsonp support; _text/javascript_ as per mailinglist discussion
+
+1.0.0rc4 / 2010-10-14
+==================
+
+  * Added _NODE_ENV_ support, _EXPRESS_ENV_ is deprecated and will be removed in 1.0.0
+  * Added route-middleware support (very helpful, see the [docs](http://expressjs.com/guide.html#Route-Middleware))
+  * Added _jsonp callback_ setting to enable/disable jsonp autowrapping [Dav Glass]
+  * Added callback query check on response.send to autowrap JSON objects for simple webservice implementations [Dav Glass]
+  * Added `partial()` support for array-like collections. Closes #434
+  * Added support for swappable querystring parsers
+  * Added session usage docs. Closes #443
+  * Added dynamic helper caching. Closes #439 [suggested by maritz]
+  * Added authentication example
+  * Added basic Range support to `res.sendfile()` (and `res.download()` etc)
+  * Changed; `express(1)` generated app using 2 spaces instead of 4
+  * Default env to "development" again [aheckmann]
+  * Removed _context_ option is no more, use "scope"
+  * Fixed; exposing _./support_ libs to examples so they can run without installs
+  * Fixed mvc example
+
+1.0.0rc3 / 2010-09-20
+==================
+
+  * Added confirmation for `express(1)` app generation. Closes #391
+  * Added extending of flash formatters via `app.flashFormatters`
+  * Added flash formatter support. Closes #411
+  * Added streaming support to `res.sendfile()` using `sys.pump()` when >= "stream threshold"
+  * Added _stream threshold_ setting for `res.sendfile()`
+  * Added `res.send()` __HEAD__ support
+  * Added `res.clearCookie()`
+  * Added `res.cookie()`
+  * Added `res.render()` headers option
+  * Added `res.redirect()` response bodies
+  * Added `res.render()` status option support. Closes #425 [thanks aheckmann]
+  * Fixed `res.sendfile()` responding with 403 on malicious path
+  * Fixed `res.download()` bug; when an error occurs remove _Content-Disposition_
+  * Fixed; mounted apps settings now inherit from parent app [aheckmann]
+  * Fixed; stripping Content-Length / Content-Type when 204
+  * Fixed `res.send()` 204. Closes #419
+  * Fixed multiple _Set-Cookie_ headers via `res.header()`. Closes #402
+  * Fixed bug messing with error handlers when `listenFD()` is called instead of `listen()`. [thanks guillermo]
+
+
+1.0.0rc2 / 2010-08-17
+==================
+
+  * Added `app.register()` for template engine mapping. Closes #390
+  * Added `res.render()` callback support as second argument (no options)
+  * Added callback support to `res.download()`
+  * Added callback support for `res.sendfile()`
+  * Added support for middleware access via `express.middlewareName()` vs `connect.middlewareName()`
+  * Added "partials" setting to docs
+  * Added default expresso tests to `express(1)` generated app. Closes #384
+  * Fixed `res.sendfile()` error handling, defer via `next()`
+  * Fixed `res.render()` callback when a layout is used [thanks guillermo]
+  * Fixed; `make install` creating ~/.node_libraries when not present
+  * Fixed issue preventing error handlers from being defined anywhere. Closes #387
+
+1.0.0rc / 2010-07-28
+==================
+
+  * Added mounted hook. Closes #369
+  * Added connect dependency to _package.json_
+
+  * Removed "reload views" setting and support code
+    development env never caches, production always caches.
+
+  * Removed _param_ in route callbacks, signature is now
+    simply (req, res, next), previously (req, res, params, next).
+    Use _req.params_ for path captures, _req.query_ for GET params.
+
+  * Fixed "home" setting
+  * Fixed middleware/router precedence issue. Closes #366
+  * Fixed; _configure()_ callbacks called immediately. Closes #368
+
+1.0.0beta2 / 2010-07-23
+==================
+
+  * Added more examples
+  * Added; exporting `Server` constructor
+  * Added `Server#helpers()` for view locals
+  * Added `Server#dynamicHelpers()` for dynamic view locals. Closes #349
+  * Added support for absolute view paths
+  * Added; _home_ setting defaults to `Server#route` for mounted apps. Closes #363
+  * Added Guillermo Rauch to the contributor list
+  * Added support for "as" for non-collection partials. Closes #341
+  * Fixed _install.sh_, ensuring _~/.node_libraries_ exists. Closes #362 [thanks jf]
+  * Fixed `res.render()` exceptions, now passed to `next()` when no callback is given [thanks guillermo]
+  * Fixed instanceof `Array` checks, now `Array.isArray()`
+  * Fixed express(1) expansion of public dirs. Closes #348
+  * Fixed middleware precedence. Closes #345
+  * Fixed view watcher, now async [thanks aheckmann]
+
+1.0.0beta / 2010-07-15
+==================
+
+  * Re-write
+    - much faster
+    - much lighter
+    - Check [ExpressJS.com](http://expressjs.com) for migration guide and updated docs
+
+0.14.0 / 2010-06-15
+==================
+
+  * Utilize relative requires
+  * Added Static bufferSize option [aheckmann]
+  * Fixed caching of view and partial subdirectories [aheckmann]
+  * Fixed mime.type() comments now that ".ext" is not supported
+  * Updated haml submodule
+  * Updated class submodule
+  * Removed bin/express
+
+0.13.0 / 2010-06-01
+==================
+
+  * Added node v0.1.97 compatibility
+  * Added support for deleting cookies via Request#cookie('key', null)
+  * Updated haml submodule
+  * Fixed not-found page, now using charset utf-8
+  * Fixed show-exceptions page, now using charset utf-8
+  * Fixed view support due to fs.readFile Buffers
+  * Changed; mime.type() no longer accepts ".type" due to node extname() changes
+
+0.12.0 / 2010-05-22
+==================
+
+  * Added node v0.1.96 compatibility
+  * Added view `helpers` export which act as additional local variables
+  * Updated haml submodule
+  * Changed ETag; removed inode, modified time only
+  * Fixed LF to CRLF for setting multiple cookies
+  * Fixed cookie compilation; values are now urlencoded
+  * Fixed cookies parsing; accepts quoted values and url escaped cookies
+
+0.11.0 / 2010-05-06
+==================
+
+  * Added support for layouts using different engines
+    - this.render('page.html.haml', { layout: 'super-cool-layout.html.ejs' })
+    - this.render('page.html.haml', { layout: 'foo' }) // assumes 'foo.html.haml'
+    - this.render('page.html.haml', { layout: false }) // no layout
+  * Updated ext submodule
+  * Updated haml submodule
+  * Fixed EJS partial support by passing along the context. Issue #307
+
+0.10.1 / 2010-05-03
+==================
+
+  * Fixed binary uploads.
+
+0.10.0 / 2010-04-30
+==================
+
+  * Added charset support via Request#charset (automatically assigned to 'UTF-8' when respond()'s
+    encoding is set to 'utf8' or 'utf-8').
+  * Added "encoding" option to Request#render(). Closes #299
+  * Added "dump exceptions" setting, which is enabled by default.
+  * Added simple ejs template engine support
+  * Added error response support for text/plain, application/json. Closes #297
+  * Added callback function param to Request#error()
+  * Added Request#sendHead()
+  * Added Request#stream()
+  * Added support for Request#respond(304, null) for empty response bodies
+  * Added ETag support to Request#sendfile()
+  * Added options to Request#sendfile(), passed to fs.createReadStream()
+  * Added filename arg to Request#download()
+  * Performance enhanced due to pre-reversing plugins so that plugins.reverse() is not called on each request
+  * Performance enhanced by preventing several calls to toLowerCase() in Router#match()
+  * Changed; Request#sendfile() now streams
+  * Changed; Renamed Request#halt() to Request#respond(). Closes #289
+  * Changed; Using sys.inspect() instead of JSON.encode() for error output
+  * Changed; run() returns the http.Server instance. Closes #298
+  * Changed; Defaulting Server#host to null (INADDR_ANY)
+  * Changed; Logger "common" format scale of 0.4f
+  * Removed Logger "request" format
+  * Fixed; Catching ENOENT in view caching, preventing error when "views/partials" is not found
+  * Fixed several issues with http client
+  * Fixed Logger Content-Length output
+  * Fixed bug preventing Opera from retaining the generated session id. Closes #292
+
+0.9.0 / 2010-04-14
+==================
+
+  * Added DSL level error() route support
+  * Added DSL level notFound() route support
+  * Added Request#error()
+  * Added Request#notFound()
+  * Added Request#render() callback function. Closes #258
+  * Added "max upload size" setting
+  * Added "magic" variables to collection partials (\_\_index\_\_, \_\_length\_\_, \_\_isFirst\_\_, \_\_isLast\_\_). Closes #254
+  * Added [haml.js](http://github.com/visionmedia/haml.js) submodule; removed haml-js
+  * Added callback function support to Request#halt() as 3rd/4th arg
+  * Added preprocessing of route param wildcards using param(). Closes #251
+  * Added view partial support (with collections etc.)
+  * Fixed bug preventing falsey params (such as ?page=0). Closes #286
+  * Fixed setting of multiple cookies. Closes #199
+  * Changed; view naming convention is now NAME.TYPE.ENGINE (for example page.html.haml)
+  * Changed; session cookie is now httpOnly
+  * Changed; Request is no longer global
+  * Changed; Event is no longer global
+  * Changed; "sys" module is no longer global
+  * Changed; moved Request#download to Static plugin where it belongs
+  * Changed; Request instance created before body parsing. Closes #262
+  * Changed; Pre-caching views in memory when "cache view contents" is enabled. Closes #253
+  * Changed; Pre-caching view partials in memory when "cache view partials" is enabled
+  * Updated support to node --version 0.1.90
+  * Updated dependencies
+  * Removed set("session cookie") in favour of use(Session, { cookie: { ... }})
+  * Removed utils.mixin(); use Object#mergeDeep()
+
+0.8.0 / 2010-03-19
+==================
+
+  * Added coffeescript example app. Closes #242
+  * Changed; cache api now async friendly. Closes #240
+  * Removed deprecated 'express/static' support. Use 'express/plugins/static'
+
+0.7.6 / 2010-03-19
+==================
+
+  * Added Request#isXHR. Closes #229
+  * Added `make install` (for the executable)
+  * Added `express` executable for setting up simple app templates
+  * Added "GET /public/*" to Static plugin, defaulting to <root>/public
+  * Added Static plugin
+  * Fixed; Request#render() only calls cache.get() once
+  * Fixed; Namespacing View caches with "view:"
+  * Fixed; Namespacing Static caches with "static:"
+  * Fixed; Both example apps now use the Static plugin
+  * Fixed set("views"). Closes #239
+  * Fixed missing space for combined log format
+  * Deprecated Request#sendfile() and 'express/static'
+  * Removed Server#running
+
+0.7.5 / 2010-03-16
+==================
+
+  * Added Request#flash() support without args, now returns all flashes
+  * Updated ext submodule
+
+0.7.4 / 2010-03-16
+==================
+
+  * Fixed session reaper
+  * Changed; class.js replacing js-oo Class implementation (quite a bit faster, no browser cruft)
+
+0.7.3 / 2010-03-16
+==================
+
+  * Added package.json
+  * Fixed requiring of haml / sass due to kiwi removal
+
+0.7.2 / 2010-03-16
+==================
+
+  * Fixed GIT submodules (HAH!)
+
+0.7.1 / 2010-03-16
+==================
+
+  * Changed; Express now using submodules again until a PM is adopted
+  * Changed; chat example using millisecond conversions from ext
+
+0.7.0 / 2010-03-15
+==================
+
+  * Added Request#pass() support (finds the next matching route, or the given path)
+  * Added Logger plugin (default "common" format replaces CommonLogger)
+  * Removed Profiler plugin
+  * Removed CommonLogger plugin
+
+0.6.0 / 2010-03-11
+==================
+
+  * Added seed.yml for kiwi package management support
+  * Added HTTP client query string support when method is GET. Closes #205
+
+  * Added support for arbitrary view engines.
+    For example "foo.engine.html" will now require('engine'),
+    the exports from this module are cached after the first require().
+
+  * Added async plugin support
+
+  * Removed usage of RESTful route funcs as http client
+    get() etc, use http.get() and friends
+
+  * Removed custom exceptions
+
+0.5.0 / 2010-03-10
+==================
+
+  * Added ext dependency (library of js extensions)
+  * Removed extname() / basename() utils. Use path module
+  * Removed toArray() util. Use arguments.values
+  * Removed escapeRegexp() util. Use RegExp.escape()
+  * Removed process.mixin() dependency. Use utils.mixin()
+  * Removed Collection
+  * Removed ElementCollection
+  * Shameless self promotion of ebook "Advanced JavaScript" (http://dev-mag.com)  ;)
+
+0.4.0 / 2010-02-11
+==================
+
+  * Added flash() example to sample upload app
+  * Added high level restful http client module (express/http)
+  * Changed; RESTful route functions double as HTTP clients. Closes #69
+  * Changed; throwing error when routes are added at runtime
+  * Changed; defaulting render() context to the current Request. Closes #197
+  * Updated haml submodule
+
+0.3.0 / 2010-02-11
+==================
+
+  * Updated haml / sass submodules. Closes #200
+  * Added flash message support. Closes #64
+  * Added accepts() now allows multiple args. fixes #117
+  * Added support for plugins to halt. Closes #189
+  * Added alternate layout support. Closes #119
+  * Removed Route#run(). Closes #188
+  * Fixed broken specs due to use(Cookie) missing
+
+0.2.1 / 2010-02-05
+==================
+
+  * Added "plot" format option for Profiler (for gnuplot processing)
+  * Added request number to Profiler plugin
+  * Fixed binary encoding for multipart file uploads, was previously defaulting to UTF8
+  * Fixed issue with routes not firing when not files are present. Closes #184
+  * Fixed process.Promise -> events.Promise
+
+0.2.0 / 2010-02-03
+==================
+
+  * Added parseParam() support for name[] etc. (allows for file inputs with "multiple" attr) Closes #180
+  * Added Both Cache and Session option "reapInterval" may be "reapEvery". Closes #174
+  * Added expiration support to cache api with reaper. Closes #133
+  * Added cache Store.Memory#reap()
+  * Added Cache; cache api now uses first class Cache instances
+  * Added abstract session Store. Closes #172
+  * Changed; cache Memory.Store#get() utilizing Collection
+  * Renamed MemoryStore -> Store.Memory
+  * Fixed use() of the same plugin several time will always use latest options. Closes #176
+
+0.1.0 / 2010-02-03
+==================
+
+  * Changed; Hooks (before / after) pass request as arg as well as evaluated in their context
+  * Updated node support to 0.1.27 Closes #169
+  * Updated dirname(__filename) -> __dirname
+  * Updated libxmljs support to v0.2.0
+  * Added session support with memory store / reaping
+  * Added quick uid() helper
+  * Added multi-part upload support
+  * Added Sass.js support / submodule
+  * Added production env caching view contents and static files
+  * Added static file caching. Closes #136
+  * Added cache plugin with memory stores
+  * Added support to StaticFile so that it works with non-textual files.
+  * Removed dirname() helper
+  * Removed several globals (now their modules must be required)
+
+0.0.2 / 2010-01-10
+==================
+
+  * Added view benchmarks; currently haml vs ejs
+  * Added Request#attachment() specs. Closes #116
+  * Added use of node's parseQuery() util. Closes #123
+  * Added `make init` for submodules
+  * Updated Haml
+  * Updated sample chat app to show messages on load
+  * Updated libxmljs parseString -> parseHtmlString
+  * Fixed `make init` to work with older versions of git
+  * Fixed specs can now run independent specs for those who can't build deps. Closes #127
+  * Fixed issues introduced by the node url module changes. Closes 126.
+  * Fixed two assertions failing due to Collection#keys() returning strings
+  * Fixed faulty Collection#toArray() spec due to keys() returning strings
+  * Fixed `make test` now builds libxmljs.node before testing
+
+0.0.1 / 2010-01-03
+==================
+
+  * Initial release
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+(The MIT License)
+
+Copyright (c) 2009-2014 TJ Holowaychuk <tj@vision-media.ca>
+Copyright (c) 2013-2014 Roman Shtylman <shtylman+expressjs@gmail.com>
+Copyright (c) 2014-2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson <doug@somethingdoug.com>
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+[![Express Logo](https://i.cloudup.com/zfY6lL7eFa-3000x3000.png)](http://expressjs.com/)
+
+**Fast, unopinionated, minimalist web framework for [Node.js](http://nodejs.org).**
+
+**This project has a [Code of Conduct][].**
+
+## Table of contents
+
+* [Installation](#Installation)
+* [Features](#Features)
+* [Docs & Community](#docs--community)
+* [Quick Start](#Quick-Start)
+* [Running Tests](#Running-Tests)
+* [Philosophy](#Philosophy)
+* [Examples](#Examples)
+* [Contributing to Express](#Contributing)
+* [TC (Technical Committee)](#tc-technical-committee)
+* [Triagers](#triagers)
+* [License](#license)
+
+
+[![NPM Version][npm-version-image]][npm-url]
+[![NPM Install Size][npm-install-size-image]][npm-install-size-url]
+[![NPM Downloads][npm-downloads-image]][npm-downloads-url]
+[![OpenSSF Scorecard Badge][ossf-scorecard-badge]][ossf-scorecard-visualizer]
+
+
+```js
+const express = require('express')
+const app = express()
+
+app.get('/', function (req, res) {
+  res.send('Hello World')
+})
+
+app.listen(3000)
+```
+
+## Installation
+
+This is a [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) module available through the
+[npm registry](https://www.npmjs.com/).
+
+Before installing, [download and install Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/download/).
+Node.js 0.10 or higher is required.
+
+If this is a brand new project, make sure to create a `package.json` first with
+the [`npm init` command](https://docs.npmjs.com/creating-a-package-json-file).
+
+Installation is done using the
+[`npm install` command](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/installing-npm-packages-locally):
+
+```console
+$ npm install express
+```
+
+Follow [our installing guide](http://expressjs.com/en/starter/installing.html)
+for more information.
+
+## Features
+
+  * Robust routing
+  * Focus on high performance
+  * Super-high test coverage
+  * HTTP helpers (redirection, caching, etc)
+  * View system supporting 14+ template engines
+  * Content negotiation
+  * Executable for generating applications quickly
+
+## Docs & Community
+
+  * [Website and Documentation](http://expressjs.com/) - [[website repo](https://github.com/expressjs/expressjs.com)]
+  * [#express](https://web.libera.chat/#express) on [Libera Chat](https://libera.chat) IRC
+  * [GitHub Organization](https://github.com/expressjs) for Official Middleware & Modules
+  * Visit the [Wiki](https://github.com/expressjs/express/wiki)
+  * [Google Group](https://groups.google.com/group/express-js) for discussion
+  * [Gitter](https://gitter.im/expressjs/express) for support and discussion
+
+**PROTIP** Be sure to read [Migrating from 3.x to 4.x](https://github.com/expressjs/express/wiki/Migrating-from-3.x-to-4.x) as well as [New features in 4.x](https://github.com/expressjs/express/wiki/New-features-in-4.x).
+
+## Quick Start
+
+  The quickest way to get started with express is to utilize the executable [`express(1)`](https://github.com/expressjs/generator) to generate an application as shown below:
+
+  Install the executable. The executable's major version will match Express's:
+
+```console
+$ npm install -g express-generator@4
+```
+
+  Create the app:
+
+```console
+$ express /tmp/foo && cd /tmp/foo
+```
+
+  Install dependencies:
+
+```console
+$ npm install
+```
+
+  Start the server:
+
+```console
+$ npm start
+```
+
+  View the website at: http://localhost:3000
+
+## Philosophy
+
+  The Express philosophy is to provide small, robust tooling for HTTP servers, making
+  it a great solution for single page applications, websites, hybrids, or public
+  HTTP APIs.
+
+  Express does not force you to use any specific ORM or template engine. With support for over
+  14 template engines via [Consolidate.js](https://github.com/tj/consolidate.js),
+  you can quickly craft your perfect framework.
+
+## Examples
+
+  To view the examples, clone the Express repo and install the dependencies:
+
+```console
+$ git clone https://github.com/expressjs/express.git --depth 1
+$ cd express
+$ npm install
+```
+
+  Then run whichever example you want:
+
+```console
+$ node examples/content-negotiation
+```
+
+## Contributing
+
+  [![Linux Build][github-actions-ci-image]][github-actions-ci-url]
+  [![Windows Build][appveyor-image]][appveyor-url]
+  [![Test Coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
+
+The Express.js project welcomes all constructive contributions. Contributions take many forms,
+from code for bug fixes and enhancements, to additions and fixes to documentation, additional
+tests, triaging incoming pull requests and issues, and more!
+
+See the [Contributing Guide](Contributing.md) for more technical details on contributing.
+
+### Security Issues
+
+If you discover a security vulnerability in Express, please see [Security Policies and Procedures](Security.md).
+
+### Running Tests
+
+To run the test suite, first install the dependencies, then run `npm test`:
+
+```console
+$ npm install
+$ npm test
+```
+
+## People
+
+The original author of Express is [TJ Holowaychuk](https://github.com/tj)
+
+[List of all contributors](https://github.com/expressjs/express/graphs/contributors)
+
+### TC (Technical Committee)
+
+* [UlisesGascon](https://github.com/UlisesGascon) - **Ulises Gascón** (he/him)
+* [jonchurch](https://github.com/jonchurch) - **Jon Church**
+* [wesleytodd](https://github.com/wesleytodd) - **Wes Todd**
+* [LinusU](https://github.com/LinusU) - **Linus Unnebäck**
+* [blakeembrey](https://github.com/blakeembrey) - **Blake Embrey**
+* [sheplu](https://github.com/sheplu) - **Jean Burellier**
+* [crandmck](https://github.com/crandmck) - **Rand McKinney**
+* [ctcpip](https://github.com/ctcpip) - **Chris de Almeida**
+
+<details>
+<summary>TC emeriti members</summary>
+
+#### TC emeriti members
+
+  * [dougwilson](https://github.com/dougwilson) - **Douglas Wilson**
+  * [hacksparrow](https://github.com/hacksparrow) - **Hage Yaapa**
+  * [jonathanong](https://github.com/jonathanong) - **jongleberry**
+  * [niftylettuce](https://github.com/niftylettuce) - **niftylettuce**
+  * [troygoode](https://github.com/troygoode) - **Troy Goode**
+</details>
+
+
+### Triagers
+
+* [aravindvnair99](https://github.com/aravindvnair99) - **Aravind Nair**
+* [carpasse](https://github.com/carpasse) - **Carlos Serrano**
+* [CBID2](https://github.com/CBID2) - **Christine Belzie**
+* [enyoghasim](https://github.com/enyoghasim) - **David Enyoghasim**
+* [UlisesGascon](https://github.com/UlisesGascon) - **Ulises Gascón** (he/him)
+* [mertcanaltin](https://github.com/mertcanaltin) - **Mert Can Altin**
+* [0ss](https://github.com/0ss) - **Salah**
+* [import-brain](https://github.com/import-brain) - **Eric Cheng** (he/him)
+* [3imed-jaberi](https://github.com/3imed-jaberi) - **Imed Jaberi**
+* [dakshkhetan](https://github.com/dakshkhetan) - **Daksh Khetan** (he/him)
+* [lucasraziel](https://github.com/lucasraziel) - **Lucas Soares Do Rego**
+* [IamLizu](https://github.com/IamLizu) - **S M Mahmudul Hasan** (he/him)
+* [Sushmeet](https://github.com/Sushmeet) - **Sushmeet Sunger**
+
+<details>
+<summary>Triagers emeriti members</summary>
+
+#### Emeritus Triagers
+
+  * [AuggieH](https://github.com/AuggieH) - **Auggie Hudak**
+  * [G-Rath](https://github.com/G-Rath) - **Gareth Jones**
+  * [MohammadXroid](https://github.com/MohammadXroid) - **Mohammad Ayashi**
+  * [NawafSwe](https://github.com/NawafSwe) - **Nawaf Alsharqi**
+  * [NotMoni](https://github.com/NotMoni) - **Moni**
+  * [VigneshMurugan](https://github.com/VigneshMurugan) - **Vignesh Murugan**
+  * [davidmashe](https://github.com/davidmashe) - **David Ashe**
+  * [digitaIfabric](https://github.com/digitaIfabric) - **David**
+  * [e-l-i-s-e](https://github.com/e-l-i-s-e) - **Elise Bonner**
+  * [fed135](https://github.com/fed135) - **Frederic Charette**
+  * [firmanJS](https://github.com/firmanJS) - **Firman Abdul Hakim**
+  * [getspooky](https://github.com/getspooky) - **Yasser Ameur**
+  * [ghinks](https://github.com/ghinks) - **Glenn**
+  * [ghousemohamed](https://github.com/ghousemohamed) - **Ghouse Mohamed**
+  * [gireeshpunathil](https://github.com/gireeshpunathil) - **Gireesh Punathil**
+  * [jake32321](https://github.com/jake32321) - **Jake Reed**
+  * [jonchurch](https://github.com/jonchurch) - **Jon Church**
+  * [lekanikotun](https://github.com/lekanikotun) - **Troy Goode**
+  * [marsonya](https://github.com/marsonya) - **Lekan Ikotun**
+  * [mastermatt](https://github.com/mastermatt) - **Matt R. Wilson**
+  * [maxakuru](https://github.com/maxakuru) - **Max Edell**
+  * [mlrawlings](https://github.com/mlrawlings) - **Michael Rawlings**
+  * [rodion-arr](https://github.com/rodion-arr) - **Rodion Abdurakhimov**
+  * [sheplu](https://github.com/sheplu) - **Jean Burellier**
+  * [tarunyadav1](https://github.com/tarunyadav1) - **Tarun yadav**
+  * [tunniclm](https://github.com/tunniclm) - **Mike Tunnicliffe**
+</details>
+
+
+## License
+
+  [MIT](LICENSE)
+
+[appveyor-image]: https://badgen.net/appveyor/ci/dougwilson/express/master?label=windows
+[appveyor-url]: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/dougwilson/express
+[coveralls-image]: https://badgen.net/coveralls/c/github/expressjs/express/master
+[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/expressjs/express?branch=master
+[github-actions-ci-image]: https://badgen.net/github/checks/expressjs/express/master?label=linux
+[github-actions-ci-url]: https://github.com/expressjs/express/actions/workflows/ci.yml
+[npm-downloads-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/dm/express
+[npm-downloads-url]: https://npmcharts.com/compare/express?minimal=true
+[npm-install-size-image]: https://badgen.net/packagephobia/install/express
+[npm-install-size-url]: https://packagephobia.com/result?p=express
+[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/express
+[npm-version-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/v/express
+[ossf-scorecard-badge]: https://api.scorecard.dev/projects/github.com/expressjs/express/badge
+[ossf-scorecard-visualizer]: https://ossf.github.io/scorecard-visualizer/#/projects/github.com/expressjs/express
+[Code of Conduct]: https://github.com/expressjs/express/blob/master/Code-Of-Conduct.md
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/*!
+ * express
+ * Copyright(c) 2009-2013 TJ Holowaychuk
+ * Copyright(c) 2013 Roman Shtylman
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = require('./lib/express');
@@ -0,0 +1,661 @@
+/*!
+ * express
+ * Copyright(c) 2009-2013 TJ Holowaychuk
+ * Copyright(c) 2013 Roman Shtylman
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var finalhandler = require('finalhandler');
+var Router = require('./router');
+var methods = require('methods');
+var middleware = require('./middleware/init');
+var query = require('./middleware/query');
+var debug = require('debug')('express:application');
+var View = require('./view');
+var http = require('http');
+var compileETag = require('./utils').compileETag;
+var compileQueryParser = require('./utils').compileQueryParser;
+var compileTrust = require('./utils').compileTrust;
+var deprecate = require('depd')('express');
+var flatten = require('array-flatten');
+var merge = require('utils-merge');
+var resolve = require('path').resolve;
+var setPrototypeOf = require('setprototypeof')
+
+/**
+ * Module variables.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty
+var slice = Array.prototype.slice;
+
+/**
+ * Application prototype.
+ */
+
+var app = exports = module.exports = {};
+
+/**
+ * Variable for trust proxy inheritance back-compat
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var trustProxyDefaultSymbol = '@@symbol:trust_proxy_default';
+
+/**
+ * Initialize the server.
+ *
+ *   - setup default configuration
+ *   - setup default middleware
+ *   - setup route reflection methods
+ *
+ * @private
+ */
+
+app.init = function init() {
+  this.cache = {};
+  this.engines = {};
+  this.settings = {};
+
+  this.defaultConfiguration();
+};
+
+/**
+ * Initialize application configuration.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+app.defaultConfiguration = function defaultConfiguration() {
+  var env = process.env.NODE_ENV || 'development';
+
+  // default settings
+  this.enable('x-powered-by');
+  this.set('etag', 'weak');
+  this.set('env', env);
+  this.set('query parser', 'extended');
+  this.set('subdomain offset', 2);
+  this.set('trust proxy', false);
+
+  // trust proxy inherit back-compat
+  Object.defineProperty(this.settings, trustProxyDefaultSymbol, {
+    configurable: true,
+    value: true
+  });
+
+  debug('booting in %s mode', env);
+
+  this.on('mount', function onmount(parent) {
+    // inherit trust proxy
+    if (this.settings[trustProxyDefaultSymbol] === true
+      && typeof parent.settings['trust proxy fn'] === 'function') {
+      delete this.settings['trust proxy'];
+      delete this.settings['trust proxy fn'];
+    }
+
+    // inherit protos
+    setPrototypeOf(this.request, parent.request)
+    setPrototypeOf(this.response, parent.response)
+    setPrototypeOf(this.engines, parent.engines)
+    setPrototypeOf(this.settings, parent.settings)
+  });
+
+  // setup locals
+  this.locals = Object.create(null);
+
+  // top-most app is mounted at /
+  this.mountpath = '/';
+
+  // default locals
+  this.locals.settings = this.settings;
+
+  // default configuration
+  this.set('view', View);
+  this.set('views', resolve('views'));
+  this.set('jsonp callback name', 'callback');
+
+  if (env === 'production') {
+    this.enable('view cache');
+  }
+
+  Object.defineProperty(this, 'router', {
+    get: function() {
+      throw new Error('\'app.router\' is deprecated!\nPlease see the 3.x to 4.x migration guide for details on how to update your app.');
+    }
+  });
+};
+
+/**
+ * lazily adds the base router if it has not yet been added.
+ *
+ * We cannot add the base router in the defaultConfiguration because
+ * it reads app settings which might be set after that has run.
+ *
+ * @private
+ */
+app.lazyrouter = function lazyrouter() {
+  if (!this._router) {
+    this._router = new Router({
+      caseSensitive: this.enabled('case sensitive routing'),
+      strict: this.enabled('strict routing')
+    });
+
+    this._router.use(query(this.get('query parser fn')));
+    this._router.use(middleware.init(this));
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Dispatch a req, res pair into the application. Starts pipeline processing.
+ *
+ * If no callback is provided, then default error handlers will respond
+ * in the event of an error bubbling through the stack.
+ *
+ * @private
+ */
+
+app.handle = function handle(req, res, callback) {
+  var router = this._router;
+
+  // final handler
+  var done = callback || finalhandler(req, res, {
+    env: this.get('env'),
+    onerror: logerror.bind(this)
+  });
+
+  // no routes
+  if (!router) {
+    debug('no routes defined on app');
+    done();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  router.handle(req, res, done);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Proxy `Router#use()` to add middleware to the app router.
+ * See Router#use() documentation for details.
+ *
+ * If the _fn_ parameter is an express app, then it will be
+ * mounted at the _route_ specified.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+
+app.use = function use(fn) {
+  var offset = 0;
+  var path = '/';
+
+  // default path to '/'
+  // disambiguate app.use([fn])
+  if (typeof fn !== 'function') {
+    var arg = fn;
+
+    while (Array.isArray(arg) && arg.length !== 0) {
+      arg = arg[0];
+    }
+
+    // first arg is the path
+    if (typeof arg !== 'function') {
+      offset = 1;
+      path = fn;
+    }
+  }
+
+  var fns = flatten(slice.call(arguments, offset));
+
+  if (fns.length === 0) {
+    throw new TypeError('app.use() requires a middleware function')
+  }
+
+  // setup router
+  this.lazyrouter();
+  var router = this._router;
+
+  fns.forEach(function (fn) {
+    // non-express app
+    if (!fn || !fn.handle || !fn.set) {
+      return router.use(path, fn);
+    }
+
+    debug('.use app under %s', path);
+    fn.mountpath = path;
+    fn.parent = this;
+
+    // restore .app property on req and res
+    router.use(path, function mounted_app(req, res, next) {
+      var orig = req.app;
+      fn.handle(req, res, function (err) {
+        setPrototypeOf(req, orig.request)
+        setPrototypeOf(res, orig.response)
+        next(err);
+      });
+    });
+
+    // mounted an app
+    fn.emit('mount', this);
+  }, this);
+
+  return this;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Proxy to the app `Router#route()`
+ * Returns a new `Route` instance for the _path_.
+ *
+ * Routes are isolated middleware stacks for specific paths.
+ * See the Route api docs for details.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+
+app.route = function route(path) {
+  this.lazyrouter();
+  return this._router.route(path);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Register the given template engine callback `fn`
+ * as `ext`.
+ *
+ * By default will `require()` the engine based on the
+ * file extension. For example if you try to render
+ * a "foo.ejs" file Express will invoke the following internally:
+ *
+ *     app.engine('ejs', require('ejs').__express);
+ *
+ * For engines that do not provide `.__express` out of the box,
+ * or if you wish to "map" a different extension to the template engine
+ * you may use this method. For example mapping the EJS template engine to
+ * ".html" files:
+ *
+ *     app.engine('html', require('ejs').renderFile);
+ *
+ * In this case EJS provides a `.renderFile()` method with
+ * the same signature that Express expects: `(path, options, callback)`,
+ * though note that it aliases this method as `ejs.__express` internally
+ * so if you're using ".ejs" extensions you don't need to do anything.
+ *
+ * Some template engines do not follow this convention, the
+ * [Consolidate.js](https://github.com/tj/consolidate.js)
+ * library was created to map all of node's popular template
+ * engines to follow this convention, thus allowing them to
+ * work seamlessly within Express.
+ *
+ * @param {String} ext
+ * @param {Function} fn
+ * @return {app} for chaining
+ * @public
+ */
+
+app.engine = function engine(ext, fn) {
+  if (typeof fn !== 'function') {
+    throw new Error('callback function required');
+  }
+
+  // get file extension
+  var extension = ext[0] !== '.'
+    ? '.' + ext
+    : ext;
+
+  // store engine
+  this.engines[extension] = fn;
+
+  return this;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Proxy to `Router#param()` with one added api feature. The _name_ parameter
+ * can be an array of names.
+ *
+ * See the Router#param() docs for more details.
+ *
+ * @param {String|Array} name
+ * @param {Function} fn
+ * @return {app} for chaining
+ * @public
+ */
+
+app.param = function param(name, fn) {
+  this.lazyrouter();
+
+  if (Array.isArray(name)) {
+    for (var i = 0; i < name.length; i++) {
+      this.param(name[i], fn);
+    }
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  this._router.param(name, fn);
+
+  return this;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Assign `setting` to `val`, or return `setting`'s value.
+ *
+ *    app.set('foo', 'bar');
+ *    app.set('foo');
+ *    // => "bar"
+ *
+ * Mounted servers inherit their parent server's settings.
+ *
+ * @param {String} setting
+ * @param {*} [val]
+ * @return {Server} for chaining
+ * @public
+ */
+
+app.set = function set(setting, val) {
+  if (arguments.length === 1) {
+    // app.get(setting)
+    var settings = this.settings
+
+    while (settings && settings !== Object.prototype) {
+      if (hasOwnProperty.call(settings, setting)) {
+        return settings[setting]
+      }
+
+      settings = Object.getPrototypeOf(settings)
+    }
+
+    return undefined
+  }
+
+  debug('set "%s" to %o', setting, val);
+
+  // set value
+  this.settings[setting] = val;
+
+  // trigger matched settings
+  switch (setting) {
+    case 'etag':
+      this.set('etag fn', compileETag(val));
+      break;
+    case 'query parser':
+      this.set('query parser fn', compileQueryParser(val));
+      break;
+    case 'trust proxy':
+      this.set('trust proxy fn', compileTrust(val));
+
+      // trust proxy inherit back-compat
+      Object.defineProperty(this.settings, trustProxyDefaultSymbol, {
+        configurable: true,
+        value: false
+      });
+
+      break;
+  }
+
+  return this;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Return the app's absolute pathname
+ * based on the parent(s) that have
+ * mounted it.
+ *
+ * For example if the application was
+ * mounted as "/admin", which itself
+ * was mounted as "/blog" then the
+ * return value would be "/blog/admin".
+ *
+ * @return {String}
+ * @private
+ */
+
+app.path = function path() {
+  return this.parent
+    ? this.parent.path() + this.mountpath
+    : '';
+};
+
+/**
+ * Check if `setting` is enabled (truthy).
+ *
+ *    app.enabled('foo')
+ *    // => false
+ *
+ *    app.enable('foo')
+ *    app.enabled('foo')
+ *    // => true
+ *
+ * @param {String} setting
+ * @return {Boolean}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+app.enabled = function enabled(setting) {
+  return Boolean(this.set(setting));
+};
+
+/**
+ * Check if `setting` is disabled.
+ *
+ *    app.disabled('foo')
+ *    // => true
+ *
+ *    app.enable('foo')
+ *    app.disabled('foo')
+ *    // => false
+ *
+ * @param {String} setting
+ * @return {Boolean}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+app.disabled = function disabled(setting) {
+  return !this.set(setting);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Enable `setting`.
+ *
+ * @param {String} setting
+ * @return {app} for chaining
+ * @public
+ */
+
+app.enable = function enable(setting) {
+  return this.set(setting, true);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Disable `setting`.
+ *
+ * @param {String} setting
+ * @return {app} for chaining
+ * @public
+ */
+
+app.disable = function disable(setting) {
+  return this.set(setting, false);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Delegate `.VERB(...)` calls to `router.VERB(...)`.
+ */
+
+methods.forEach(function(method){
+  app[method] = function(path){
+    if (method === 'get' && arguments.length === 1) {
+      // app.get(setting)
+      return this.set(path);
+    }
+
+    this.lazyrouter();
+
+    var route = this._router.route(path);
+    route[method].apply(route, slice.call(arguments, 1));
+    return this;
+  };
+});
+
+/**
+ * Special-cased "all" method, applying the given route `path`,
+ * middleware, and callback to _every_ HTTP method.
+ *
+ * @param {String} path
+ * @param {Function} ...
+ * @return {app} for chaining
+ * @public
+ */
+
+app.all = function all(path) {
+  this.lazyrouter();
+
+  var route = this._router.route(path);
+  var args = slice.call(arguments, 1);
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < methods.length; i++) {
+    route[methods[i]].apply(route, args);
+  }
+
+  return this;
+};
+
+// del -> delete alias
+
+app.del = deprecate.function(app.delete, 'app.del: Use app.delete instead');
+
+/**
+ * Render the given view `name` name with `options`
+ * and a callback accepting an error and the
+ * rendered template string.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ *
+ *    app.render('email', { name: 'Tobi' }, function(err, html){
+ *      // ...
+ *    })
+ *
+ * @param {String} name
+ * @param {Object|Function} options or fn
+ * @param {Function} callback
+ * @public
+ */
+
+app.render = function render(name, options, callback) {
+  var cache = this.cache;
+  var done = callback;
+  var engines = this.engines;
+  var opts = options;
+  var renderOptions = {};
+  var view;
+
+  // support callback function as second arg
+  if (typeof options === 'function') {
+    done = options;
+    opts = {};
+  }
+
+  // merge app.locals
+  merge(renderOptions, this.locals);
+
+  // merge options._locals
+  if (opts._locals) {
+    merge(renderOptions, opts._locals);
+  }
+
+  // merge options
+  merge(renderOptions, opts);
+
+  // set .cache unless explicitly provided
+  if (renderOptions.cache == null) {
+    renderOptions.cache = this.enabled('view cache');
+  }
+
+  // primed cache
+  if (renderOptions.cache) {
+    view = cache[name];
+  }
+
+  // view
+  if (!view) {
+    var View = this.get('view');
+
+    view = new View(name, {
+      defaultEngine: this.get('view engine'),
+      root: this.get('views'),
+      engines: engines
+    });
+
+    if (!view.path) {
+      var dirs = Array.isArray(view.root) && view.root.length > 1
+        ? 'directories "' + view.root.slice(0, -1).join('", "') + '" or "' + view.root[view.root.length - 1] + '"'
+        : 'directory "' + view.root + '"'
+      var err = new Error('Failed to lookup view "' + name + '" in views ' + dirs);
+      err.view = view;
+      return done(err);
+    }
+
+    // prime the cache
+    if (renderOptions.cache) {
+      cache[name] = view;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // render
+  tryRender(view, renderOptions, done);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Listen for connections.
+ *
+ * A node `http.Server` is returned, with this
+ * application (which is a `Function`) as its
+ * callback. If you wish to create both an HTTP
+ * and HTTPS server you may do so with the "http"
+ * and "https" modules as shown here:
+ *
+ *    var http = require('http')
+ *      , https = require('https')
+ *      , express = require('express')
+ *      , app = express();
+ *
+ *    http.createServer(app).listen(80);
+ *    https.createServer({ ... }, app).listen(443);
+ *
+ * @return {http.Server}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+app.listen = function listen() {
+  var server = http.createServer(this);
+  return server.listen.apply(server, arguments);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Log error using console.error.
+ *
+ * @param {Error} err
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function logerror(err) {
+  /* istanbul ignore next */
+  if (this.get('env') !== 'test') console.error(err.stack || err.toString());
+}
+
+/**
+ * Try rendering a view.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+function tryRender(view, options, callback) {
+  try {
+    view.render(options, callback);
+  } catch (err) {
+    callback(err);
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*!
+ * express
+ * Copyright(c) 2009-2013 TJ Holowaychuk
+ * Copyright(c) 2013 Roman Shtylman
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var bodyParser = require('body-parser')
+var EventEmitter = require('events').EventEmitter;
+var mixin = require('merge-descriptors');
+var proto = require('./application');
+var Route = require('./router/route');
+var Router = require('./router');
+var req = require('./request');
+var res = require('./response');
+
+/**
+ * Expose `createApplication()`.
+ */
+
+exports = module.exports = createApplication;
+
+/**
+ * Create an express application.
+ *
+ * @return {Function}
+ * @api public
+ */
+
+function createApplication() {
+  var app = function(req, res, next) {
+    app.handle(req, res, next);
+  };
+
+  mixin(app, EventEmitter.prototype, false);
+  mixin(app, proto, false);
+
+  // expose the prototype that will get set on requests
+  app.request = Object.create(req, {
+    app: { configurable: true, enumerable: true, writable: true, value: app }
+  })
+
+  // expose the prototype that will get set on responses
+  app.response = Object.create(res, {
+    app: { configurable: true, enumerable: true, writable: true, value: app }
+  })
+
+  app.init();
+  return app;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Expose the prototypes.
+ */
+
+exports.application = proto;
+exports.request = req;
+exports.response = res;
+
+/**
+ * Expose constructors.
+ */
+
+exports.Route = Route;
+exports.Router = Router;
+
+/**
+ * Expose middleware
+ */
+
+exports.json = bodyParser.json
+exports.query = require('./middleware/query');
+exports.raw = bodyParser.raw
+exports.static = require('serve-static');
+exports.text = bodyParser.text
+exports.urlencoded = bodyParser.urlencoded
+
+/**
+ * Replace removed middleware with an appropriate error message.
+ */
+
+var removedMiddlewares = [
+  'bodyParser',
+  'compress',
+  'cookieSession',
+  'session',
+  'logger',
+  'cookieParser',
+  'favicon',
+  'responseTime',
+  'errorHandler',
+  'timeout',
+  'methodOverride',
+  'vhost',
+  'csrf',
+  'directory',
+  'limit',
+  'multipart',
+  'staticCache'
+]
+
+removedMiddlewares.forEach(function (name) {
+  Object.defineProperty(exports, name, {
+    get: function () {
+      throw new Error('Most middleware (like ' + name + ') is no longer bundled with Express and must be installed separately. Please see https://github.com/senchalabs/connect#middleware.');
+    },
+    configurable: true
+  });
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*!
+ * express
+ * Copyright(c) 2009-2013 TJ Holowaychuk
+ * Copyright(c) 2013 Roman Shtylman
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var setPrototypeOf = require('setprototypeof')
+
+/**
+ * Initialization middleware, exposing the
+ * request and response to each other, as well
+ * as defaulting the X-Powered-By header field.
+ *
+ * @param {Function} app
+ * @return {Function}
+ * @api private
+ */
+
+exports.init = function(app){
+  return function expressInit(req, res, next){
+    if (app.enabled('x-powered-by')) res.setHeader('X-Powered-By', 'Express');
+    req.res = res;
+    res.req = req;
+    req.next = next;
+
+    setPrototypeOf(req, app.request)
+    setPrototypeOf(res, app.response)
+
+    res.locals = res.locals || Object.create(null);
+
+    next();
+  };
+};
+
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*!
+ * express
+ * Copyright(c) 2009-2013 TJ Holowaychuk
+ * Copyright(c) 2013 Roman Shtylman
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var merge = require('utils-merge')
+var parseUrl = require('parseurl');
+var qs = require('qs');
+
+/**
+ * @param {Object} options
+ * @return {Function}
+ * @api public
+ */
+
+module.exports = function query(options) {
+  var opts = merge({}, options)
+  var queryparse = qs.parse;
+
+  if (typeof options === 'function') {
+    queryparse = options;
+    opts = undefined;
+  }
+
+  if (opts !== undefined && opts.allowPrototypes === undefined) {
+    // back-compat for qs module
+    opts.allowPrototypes = true;
+  }
+
+  return function query(req, res, next){
+    if (!req.query) {
+      var val = parseUrl(req).query;
+      req.query = queryparse(val, opts);
+    }
+
+    next();
+  };
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,525 @@
+/*!
+ * express
+ * Copyright(c) 2009-2013 TJ Holowaychuk
+ * Copyright(c) 2013 Roman Shtylman
+ * Copyright(c) 2014-2015 Douglas Christopher Wilson
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ * @private
+ */
+
+var accepts = require('accepts');
+var deprecate = require('depd')('express');
+var isIP = require('net').isIP;
+var typeis = require('type-is');
+var http = require('http');
+var fresh = require('fresh');
+var parseRange = require('range-parser');
+var parse = require('parseurl');
+var proxyaddr = require('proxy-addr');
+
+/**
+ * Request prototype.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+var req = Object.create(http.IncomingMessage.prototype)
+
+/**
+ * Module exports.
+ * @public
+ */
+
+module.exports = req
+
+/**
+ * Return request header.
+ *
+ * The `Referrer` header field is special-cased,
+ * both `Referrer` and `Referer` are interchangeable.
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *
+ *     req.get('Content-Type');
+ *     // => "text/plain"
+ *
+ *     req.get('content-type');
+ *     // => "text/plain"
+ *
+ *     req.get('Something');
+ *     // => undefined
+ *
+ * Aliased as `req.header()`.
+ *
+ * @param {String} name
+ * @return {String}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+req.get =
+req.header = function header(name) {
+  if (!name) {
+    throw new TypeError('name argument is required to req.get');
+  }
+
+  if (typeof name !== 'string') {
+    throw new TypeError('name must be a string to req.get');
+  }
+
+  var lc = name.toLowerCase();
+
+  switch (lc) {
+    case 'referer':
+    case 'referrer':
+      return this.headers.referrer
+        || this.headers.referer;
+    default:
+      return this.headers[lc];
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * To do: update docs.
+ *
+ * Check if the given `type(s)` is acceptable, returning
+ * the best match when true, otherwise `undefined`, in which
+ * case you should respond with 406 "Not Acceptable".
+ *
+ * The `type` value may be a single MIME type string
+ * such as "application/json", an extension name
+ * such as "json", a comma-delimited list such as "json, html, text/plain",
+ * an argument list such as `"json", "html", "text/plain"`,
+ * or an array `["json", "html", "text/plain"]`. When a list
+ * or array is given, the _best_ match, if any is returned.
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *
+ *     // Accept: text/html
+ *     req.accepts('html');
+ *     // => "html"
+ *
+ *     // Accept: text/*, application/json
+ *     req.accepts('html');
+ *     // => "html"
+ *     req.accepts('text/html');
+ *     // => "text/html"
+ *     req.accepts('json, text');
+ *     // => "json"
+ *     req.accepts('application/json');
+ *     // => "application/json"
+ *
+ *     // Accept: text/*, application/json
+ *     req.accepts('image/png');
+ *     req.accepts('png');
+ *     // => undefined
+ *
+ *     // Accept: text/*;q=.5, application/json
+ *     req.accepts(['html', 'json']);
+ *     req.accepts('html', 'json');
+ *     req.accepts('html, json');
+ *     // => "json"
+ *
+ * @param {String|Array} type(s)
+ * @return {String|Array|Boolean}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+req.accepts = function(){
+  var accept = accepts(this);
+  return accept.types.apply(accept, arguments);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Check if the given `encoding`s are accepted.
+ *
+ * @param {String} ...encoding
+ * @return {String|Array}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+req.acceptsEncodings = function(){
+  var accept = accepts(this);
+  return accept.encodings.apply(accept, arguments);
+};
+
+req.acceptsEncoding = deprecate.function(req.acceptsEncodings,
+  'req.acceptsEncoding: Use acceptsEncodings instead');
+
+/**
+ * Check if the given `charset`s are acceptable,
+ * otherwise you should respond with 406 "Not Acceptable".
+ *
+ * @param {String} ...charset
+ * @return {String|Array}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+req.acceptsCharsets = function(){
+  var accept = accepts(this);
+  return accept.charsets.apply(accept, arguments);
+};
+
+req.acceptsCharset = deprecate.function(req.acceptsCharsets,
+  'req.acceptsCharset: Use acceptsCharsets instead');
+
+/**
+ * Check if the given `lang`s are acceptable,
+ * otherwise you should respond with 406 "Not Acceptable".
+ *
+ * @param {String} ...lang
+ * @return {String|Array}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+req.acceptsLanguages = function(){
+  var accept = accepts(this);
+  return accept.languages.apply(accept, arguments);
+};
+
+req.acceptsLanguage = deprecate.function(req.acceptsLanguages,
+  'req.acceptsLanguage: Use acceptsLanguages instead');
+
+/**
+ * Parse Range header field, capping to the given `size`.
+ *
+ * Unspecified ranges such as "0-" require knowledge of your resource length. In
+ * the case of a byte range this is of course the total number of bytes. If the
+ * Range header field is not given `undefined` is returned, `-1` when unsatisfiable,
+ * and `-2` when syntactically invalid.
+ *
+ * When ranges are returned, the array has a "type" property which is the type of
+ * range that is required (most commonly, "bytes"). Each array element is an object
+ * with a "start" and "end" property for the portion of the range.
+ *
+ * The "combine" option can be set to `true` and overlapping & adjacent ranges
+ * will be combined into a single range.
+ *
+ * NOTE: remember that ranges are inclusive, so for example "Range: users=0-3"
+ * should respond with 4 users when available, not 3.
+ *
+ * @param {number} size
+ * @param {object} [options]
+ * @param {boolean} [options.combine=false]
+ * @return {number|array}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+req.range = function range(size, options) {
+  var range = this.get('Range');
+  if (!range) return;
+  return parseRange(size, range, options);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Return the value of param `name` when present or `defaultValue`.
+ *
+ *  - Checks route placeholders, ex: _/user/:id_
+ *  - Checks body params, ex: id=12, {"id":12}
+ *  - Checks query string params, ex: ?id=12
+ *
+ * To utilize request bodies, `req.body`
+ * should be an object. This can be done by using
+ * the `bodyParser()` middleware.
+ *
+ * @param {String} name
+ * @param {Mixed} [defaultValue]
+ * @return {String}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+req.param = function param(name, defaultValue) {
+  var params = this.params || {};
+  var body = this.body || {};
+  var query = this.query || {};
+
+  var args = arguments.length === 1
+    ? 'name'
+    : 'name, default';
+  deprecate('req.param(' + args + '): Use req.params, req.body, or req.query instead');
+
+  if (null != params[name] && params.hasOwnProperty(name)) return params[name];
+  if (null != body[name]) return body[name];
+  if (null != query[name]) return query[name];
+
+  return defaultValue;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Check if the incoming request contains the "Content-Type"
+ * header field, and it contains the given mime `type`.
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *
+ *      // With Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
+ *      req.is('html');
+ *      req.is('text/html');
+ *      req.is('text/*');
+ *      // => true
+ *
+ *      // When Content-Type is application/json
+ *      req.is('json');
+ *      req.is('application/json');
+ *      req.is('application/*');
+ *      // => true
+ *
+ *      req.is('html');
+ *      // => false
+ *
+ * @param {String|Array} types...
+ * @return {String|false|null}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+req.is = function is(types) {
+  var arr = types;
+
+  // support flattened arguments
+  if (!Array.isArray(types)) {
+    arr = new Array(arguments.length);
+    for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+      arr[i] = arguments[i];
+    }
+  }
+
+  return typeis(this, arr);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Return the protocol string "http" or "https"
+ * when requested with TLS. When the "trust proxy"
+ * setting trusts the socket address, the
+ * "X-Forwarded-Proto" header field will be trusted
+ * and used if present.
+ *
+ * If you're running behind a reverse proxy that
+ * supplies https for you this may be enabled.
+ *
+ * @return {String}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+defineGetter(req, 'protocol', function protocol(){
+  var proto = this.connection.encrypted
+    ? 'https'
+    : 'http';
+  var trust = this.app.get('trust proxy fn');
+
+  if (!trust(this.connection.remoteAddress, 0)) {
+    return proto;
+  }
+
+  // Note: X-Forwarded-Proto is normally only ever a
+  //       single value, but this is to be safe.
+  var header = this.get('X-Forwarded-Proto') || proto
+  var index = header.indexOf(',')
+
+  return index !== -1
+    ? header.substring(0, index).trim()
+    : header.trim()
+});
+
+/**
+ * Short-hand for:
+ *
+ *    req.protocol === 'https'
+ *
+ * @return {Boolean}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+defineGetter(req, 'secure', function secure(){
+  return this.protocol === 'https';
+});
+
+/**
+ * Return the remote address from the trusted proxy.
+ *
+ * The is the remote address on the socket unless
+ * "trust proxy" is set.
+ *
+ * @return {String}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+defineGetter(req, 'ip', function ip(){
+  var trust = this.app.get('trust proxy fn');
+  return proxyaddr(this, trust);
+});
+
+/**
+ * When "trust proxy" is set, trusted proxy addresses + client.
+ *
+ * For example if the value were "client, proxy1, proxy2"
+ * you would receive the array `["client", "proxy1", "proxy2"]`
+ * where "proxy2" is the furthest down-stream and "proxy1" and
+ * "proxy2" were trusted.
+ *
+ * @return {Array}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+defineGetter(req, 'ips', function ips() {
+  var trust = this.app.get('trust proxy fn');
+  var addrs = proxyaddr.all(this, trust);
+
+  // reverse the order (to farthest -> closest)
+  // and remove socket address
+  addrs.reverse().pop()
+
+  return addrs
+});
+
+/**
+ * Return subdomains as an array.
+ *
+ * Subdomains are the dot-separated parts of the host before the main domain of
+ * the app. By default, the domain of the app is assumed to be the last two
+ * parts of the host. This can be changed by setting "subdomain offset".
+ *
+ * For example, if the domain is "tobi.ferrets.example.com":
+ * If "subdomain offset" is not set, req.subdomains is `["ferrets", "tobi"]`.
+ * If "subdomain offset" is 3, req.subdomains is `["tobi"]`.
+ *
+ * @return {Array}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+defineGetter(req, 'subdomains', function subdomains() {
+  var hostname = this.hostname;
+
+  if (!hostname) return [];
+
+  var offset = this.app.get('subdomain offset');
+  var subdomains = !isIP(hostname)
+    ? hostname.split('.').reverse()
+    : [hostname];
+
+  return subdomains.slice(offset);
+});
+
+/**
+ * Short-hand for `url.parse(req.url).pathname`.
+ *
+ * @return {String}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+defineGetter(req, 'path', function path() {
+  return parse(this).pathname;
+});
+
+/**
+ * Parse the "Host" header field to a hostname.
+ *
+ * When the "trust proxy" setting trusts the socket
+ * address, the "X-Forwarded-Host" header field will
+ * be trusted.
+ *
+ * @return {String}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+defineGetter(req, 'hostname', function hostname(){
+  var trust = this.app.get('trust proxy fn');
+  var host = this.get('X-Forwarded-Host');
+
+  if (!host || !trust(this.connection.remoteAddress, 0)) {
+    host = this.get('Host');
+  } else if (host.indexOf(',') !== -1) {
+    // Note: X-Forwarded-Host is normally only ever a
+    //       single value, but this is to be safe.
+    host = host.substring(0, host.indexOf(',')).trimRight()
+  }
+
+  if (!host) return;
+
+  // IPv6 literal support
+  var offset = host[0] === '['
+    ? host.indexOf(']') + 1
+    : 0;
+  var index = host.indexOf(':', offset);
+
+  return index !== -1
+    ? host.substring(0, index)
+    : host;
+});
+
+// TODO: change req.host to return host in next major
+
+defineGetter(req, 'host', deprecate.function(function host(){
+  return this.hostname;
+}, 'req.host: Use req.hostname instead'));
+
+/**
+ * Check if the request is fresh, aka
+ * Last-Modified and/or the ETag
+ * still match.
+ *
+ * @return {Boolean}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+defineGetter(req, 'fresh', function(){
+  var method = this.method;
+  var res = this.res
+  var status = res.statusCode
+
+  // GET or HEAD for weak freshness validation only
+  if ('GET' !== method && 'HEAD' !== method) return false;
+
+  // 2xx or 304 as per rfc2616 14.26
+  if ((status >= 200 && status < 300) || 304 === status) {
+    return fresh(this.headers, {
+      'etag': res.get('ETag'),
+      'last-modified': res.get('Last-Modified')
+    })
+  }
+
+  return false;
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check if the request is stale, aka
+ * "Last-Modified" and / or the "ETag" for the
+ * resource has changed.
+ *
+ * @return {Boolean}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+defineGetter(req, 'stale', function stale(){
+  return !this.fresh;
+});
+
+/**
+ * Check if the request was an _XMLHttpRequest_.
+ *
+ * @return {Boolean}
+ * @public
+ */
+
+defineGetter(req, 'xhr', function xhr(){
+  var val = this.get('X-Requested-With') || '';
+  return val.toLowerCase() === 'xmlhttprequest';
+});
+
+/**
+ * Helper function for creating a getter on an object.
+ *
+ * @param {Object} obj
+ * @param {String} name
+ * @param {Function} getter
+ * @private
+ */
+function defineGetter(obj, name, getter) {
+  Object.defineProperty(obj, name, {
+    configurable: true,
+    enumerable: true,
+    get: getter
+  });
+}
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				`repo_token: SIAeZjKYlHK74rbcFvNHMUzjRiMpflxve`